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9. A nation without a language is a nation without heart

On vanishing Tatar idioms

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The Tatar language has been exposed to significant transformations under the pressure of the Russian language. The nature of this pressure has been characterized as political, social, and cultural by different disciplinary traditions, with no small part being played by globalization. The purpose of this chapter is to explore endangered Tatar idioms along two revealing lines of enquiry. The first line of enquiry analyzes culture-specific Tatar idioms; the second line interrogates borrowed idioms from Russian sources. The paper argues that Russian idiom-adoption leads to loss of Tatar-specific knowledge as well as loss of Tatar-specific encodings of that knowledge otherwise found in traditional idioms. This indelibly transforms Tatar history and culture.

References

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  3. Biedermann, H
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  4. Birikh, A. , & Mokienko, V.M
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  28. Roshal’, V
    (2007) Энциклопедия символов (Encyclopedia of symbols). Moscow: AST.
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  29. Rossijskaja Gazeta
    (2011) December16, pp.14–15. Retrieved fromwww.rg.ru/2011/12/16/stst.html.
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    (2001) E-book The Volga Tatars under Russian domination. Retrieved fromwww.grin.com
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    (1998) Суфичылык серләре (Mysteries of Sufizm). Kazan: Zaman.
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  32. Wertheim, S
    (2002) Language “Purity” and the de-Russification of Tatar. Berkeley, CA: University of California.
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  33. Yusupov, R
    (2010) Теория и практика перевода (Theory and Practice of Translation). Kazan: Tatar State Humanitarian University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
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    (1995) Татары. Проблемы истории и языка (The Tatars. Problems of History and Language). Kazan: Institute of Language, Literature and History Press.
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References

  1. Anderson, B
    (1983) Imagined communities. New York: Verso.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bakhtin, M
    (1981) The dialogic imagination. Austin and London: University of Texas Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Biedermann, H
    (1994) Dictionary of symbolism. New York: Meridian.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Birikh, A. , & Mokienko, V.M
    (2005) Русская фразеология. Историко-этимологический словарь (Russian Phraseology. Etymological dictionary). Moscow: Astrel.AST.Luks.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Bukharaev, R
    (1999) The model of Tatarstan. London: Curzon Press Limited.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. (2000) Historical anthology of Kazan Tatar Verse. London: Curzon Press Limited.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Campbell, L. , & Muntzel, M.C
    (Eds.) (1989) The structural consequences of language death [Investigating obsolescence: Studies in Language Contraction and Death]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Cavaluzzi, M
    (2013) Promoting cultural and linguistic diversity: Supporting bilingualism in the early childhood classroom. Texas Child Care Quarterly. Retrieved fromwww.childcarequarterly.com/spring10_story1.html
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Chevalier, J. , & Gheerbrant, J
    (1996) Dictionary of symbols. London: Penguin Books.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Coulmas, F
    (1992) Language careers: Economic determinants of language evolution. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), Language and economy – Economic aspects. Sociolinguistics (p.153). Oxford/New York: Blackwell.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Devlet, N
    (2009) Russian government policies pose threat to Tatar language. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved fromwww.rferl.org/russian…/1775794.html
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Dobrovol’skij, D. , & Piirainen, E
    (2005) Figurative language: Cross-cultural and cross-linguistic perspectives. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Dobrovol’skij, D
    (2007) Cognitive approaches to idiom analysis. In H. Burger , D. Dobrovol’skij , P. Kühn , & N.R. Norrick (Eds.), Phraseology. An international handbook of contemporary research (Vol. 2, pp.789–818). Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Figes, O
    (2002) Natasha’s dance: A cultural history of Russia. London: Penguin Books Limited.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Fuks, K
    (1844) The Kazan Tatars in statistical and ethnographic profile. Kazan [No Publisher].
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Gorenburg, D
    (2005) The failure of Tatar language revival. PONARS Policy Memo, 379, 77–82.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Gurevich, A
    (2003) Толковый словарь средневековой культуры (Dictionary of medieval culture). Moscow: Rossijskaja politicheskaja entsiklopedija.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Idström, A. , & Piirainen, E
    (2012) Endangered metaphors. Introduction. In A. Idström & E. Piirainen(Eds.), Endangered metaphors (pp.15–19). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: 10.1075/clscc.2.02ids
     https://doi.org/10.1075/clscc.2.02ids [Google Scholar]
  19. Isanbet, N
    (1990) Татар теленен̧ фразеологик сɣзлеге (Dictionary of the Tatar Phraseology). Kazan: Tatknigoizdat.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Karimullin, A
    (1988) Tатары. Этнос и этноним (Tatars. Ethnos and Ethnonym). Kazan: Tatknigoizdat.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Lakoff, G. , & Johnson, M
    (2003) Metaphors we live by. Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press. doi: 10.7208/chicago/9780226470993.001.0001
     https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226470993.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  22. Lovick, O
    (2012) Walking like a porcupine, talking like a raven. In A. Idström & E. Piirainen(Eds.), Endangered metaphors (pp.103–121). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: 10.1075/clscc.2.05lov
     https://doi.org/10.1075/clscc.2.05lov [Google Scholar]
  23. Makhmutov, H
    (1999) Канатлы сɣз – хикмәтле сɣз (Aphoristic words are magic words). Kazan: Magarif.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Mühlhäusler, P
    (2012) Prologue. In A. Idström & E. Piirainen(Eds.), Endangered metaphors (pp.1–14). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: 10.1075/clscc.2.01muh
     https://doi.org/10.1075/clscc.2.01muh [Google Scholar]
  25. Piirainen, E
    (2012) Metaphors of an endangered Low Saxon basis dialect. In A. Idström & E. Piirainen(Eds.), Endangered metaphors (pp.339–357). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: 10.1075/clscc.2.16pii
     https://doi.org/10.1075/clscc.2.16pii [Google Scholar]
  26. Rorlich, A.-A
    (1986) The Volga Tatars. A profile in national resilience. Stanford CA: Hoover Institution Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Rosch, E
    (1978) Principles of categorization. In E. Rosch & B.B. Lloyd (Eds.), Cognition and categorization (pp.27–48). Hillsdale NJ: Erlbaum.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Roshal’, V
    (2007) Энциклопедия символов (Encyclopedia of symbols). Moscow: AST.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Rossijskaja Gazeta
    (2011) December16, pp.14–15. Retrieved fromwww.rg.ru/2011/12/16/stst.html.
  30. Selbach, C
    (2001) E-book The Volga Tatars under Russian domination. Retrieved fromwww.grin.com
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Sibgatullina, A
    (1998) Суфичылык серләре (Mysteries of Sufizm). Kazan: Zaman.
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Wertheim, S
    (2002) Language “Purity” and the de-Russification of Tatar. Berkeley, CA: University of California.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Yusupov, R
    (2010) Теория и практика перевода (Theory and Practice of Translation). Kazan: Tatar State Humanitarian University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. (2013) The Tatar Republic or Province?Zvezda Povolzhija, 40(2).
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Zakiev, M
    (1995) Татары. Проблемы истории и языка (The Tatars. Problems of History and Language). Kazan: Institute of Language, Literature and History Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  36. (2003) Происхождение тюрков и татар (Origin of the Turks and Tatars). Moscow: Insan.
     [Google Scholar]

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