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Language variation and education

A focus on Pakistan

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Studies on World Englishes focus on variations in the use, meanings and structures of Englishes as they have evolved in different parts of the world. However, World Englishes is not the only framework used by linguists to study variations in the English language. This chapter introduces a three-dimensional framework of language variation that allows us to place the various traditions of studying language variation in relation to each other. The chapter then considers the implications of studying language variation in educational contexts, using the three-dimensional model. In doing so, the chapter examines how language variation operates in Pakistani English language textbooks at a discursive level and discusses the implications of these variations.

References

  1. Apple, M.W
    1990 Ideology and Curriculum. London: Routledge.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bourdieu, P
    1986 The forms of capital. InHandbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, J.G. Richardson (ed.), 242–258. New York NY: Greenwood.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Bucholtz, M
    . In press. The elements of style. InLanguage and Identity across Modes of Communication, N. Djenar , A. Mahboob & K. Cruichkshank (eds) Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Derewianka, B
    . 2014. Supporting students in the move from spoken to written language. In A. Mahboob & L. Barrat (eds) 165–182.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Gidvani, M.M
    1922[2009] Shah Abdul Latif. Charleston: Bibliolife.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Halliday, M.A.K
    2006 Working with meaning: Towards an appliable linguistics. Inaugural lecture to mark the launch of the Halliday Centre for intelligent applications of language studies at theCity University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Halliday, M.A.K , McIntosh, A. & Strevens, P
    1964 The Linguistic Sciences and Language Teaching. London: Longman.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Kachru, B
    1992 The Other Tongue. English across Cultures. Urbana-Champaign IL: University of Illinois Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Kirkpatrick, A.
    (ed.) 2010 The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes. London: Routledge.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Mahboob, A
    2009 English as an Islamic language: A case study of Pakistani English. World Englishes28(2): 175–189. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑971X.2009.01583.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-971X.2009.01583.x [Google Scholar]
  11. 2013 Pakistani English. InWorld Atlas of Varieties of English, B. Kortmann & K. Lunkenheimer (eds), 531–539. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Mahboob, A. & Barrat, L.
    (eds) 2014. Englishes in Multilingual Contexts – Language Variation and Education. [Multilingual Education 10]. Dordrecht: Springer Sciene+Business Media.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Martin, J.R
    1985 Language, register and genre. InChildren Writing Course Reader. F. Christie (ed.), 21–30. Geelong: Deakin University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Martin, J.R. & Rose, D
    2008 Genre Relations: Mapping Culture. London: Equinox.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Martin, J.R. & White, P.R.R
    2005 The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Matsuda, A
    2012 Principles and Practices of Teaching English as an International Language. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Rahman, T
    1997 Language and Politics in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. 2011 Pakistani English: The Linguistic Description of a Non-Native Variety of English. Islamabad: National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid-i-Azam University.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Rose, D. & Martin, J.R
    2012 Learning to Write, Reading to Learn: Genre, Knowledge and Pedagogy in the Sydney School. London: Equinox.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Wolfram, W
    . 2014. Integrating language variation into TESOL: Challenges from English globalization. In A. Mahboob & L. Barrat (eds) 15–32.
     [Google Scholar]

References

  1. Apple, M.W
    1990 Ideology and Curriculum. London: Routledge.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bourdieu, P
    1986 The forms of capital. InHandbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, J.G. Richardson (ed.), 242–258. New York NY: Greenwood.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Bucholtz, M
    . In press. The elements of style. InLanguage and Identity across Modes of Communication, N. Djenar , A. Mahboob & K. Cruichkshank (eds) Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Derewianka, B
    . 2014. Supporting students in the move from spoken to written language. In A. Mahboob & L. Barrat (eds) 165–182.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Gidvani, M.M
    1922[2009] Shah Abdul Latif. Charleston: Bibliolife.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Halliday, M.A.K
    2006 Working with meaning: Towards an appliable linguistics. Inaugural lecture to mark the launch of the Halliday Centre for intelligent applications of language studies at theCity University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Halliday, M.A.K , McIntosh, A. & Strevens, P
    1964 The Linguistic Sciences and Language Teaching. London: Longman.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Kachru, B
    1992 The Other Tongue. English across Cultures. Urbana-Champaign IL: University of Illinois Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Kirkpatrick, A.
    (ed.) 2010 The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes. London: Routledge.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Mahboob, A
    2009 English as an Islamic language: A case study of Pakistani English. World Englishes28(2): 175–189. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑971X.2009.01583.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-971X.2009.01583.x [Google Scholar]
  11. 2013 Pakistani English. InWorld Atlas of Varieties of English, B. Kortmann & K. Lunkenheimer (eds), 531–539. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Mahboob, A. & Barrat, L.
    (eds) 2014. Englishes in Multilingual Contexts – Language Variation and Education. [Multilingual Education 10]. Dordrecht: Springer Sciene+Business Media.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Martin, J.R
    1985 Language, register and genre. InChildren Writing Course Reader. F. Christie (ed.), 21–30. Geelong: Deakin University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Martin, J.R. & Rose, D
    2008 Genre Relations: Mapping Culture. London: Equinox.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Martin, J.R. & White, P.R.R
    2005 The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Matsuda, A
    2012 Principles and Practices of Teaching English as an International Language. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Rahman, T
    1997 Language and Politics in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. 2011 Pakistani English: The Linguistic Description of a Non-Native Variety of English. Islamabad: National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid-i-Azam University.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Rose, D. & Martin, J.R
    2012 Learning to Write, Reading to Learn: Genre, Knowledge and Pedagogy in the Sydney School. London: Equinox.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Wolfram, W
    . 2014. Integrating language variation into TESOL: Challenges from English globalization. In A. Mahboob & L. Barrat (eds) 15–32.
     [Google Scholar]

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