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Benjamins Translation Library (vols. 1–118, 1994–2015)
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Benjamins Translation Library (vols. 1–118, 1994–2015)
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Collection Contents
81 - 100 of 115 results
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Getting Started in Interpreting Research
Editor(s): Daniel Gile, Helle V. Dam, Friedel Dubslaff, Bodil Martinsen and Anne SchjoldagerMore LessWhat sets this collection apart in the literature is its direct, personal style. Experienced supervisors as well as younger scholars speak to beginning researchers in interpreting, and more generally in Translation Studies. The contributors, who are very familiar with the difficulties beginners experience, focus on their needs and anticipate their questions. They reflect, analyze and advise, with illustrations from their own experience.
Issues discussed include topic selection, project planning, time management, ‘doctoral stress’, the use of the literature, critical reading and book reviews, supervisor-supervisee relations, institutional frameworks for research training, issues in empirical research, theoretical analysis, and the role of small projects. Readers will thus find answers to many personal, institutional and methodological questions, which are common to beginners in many disciplines and in many paradigms.
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(Multi) Media Translation
Editor(s): Yves Gambier and Henrik GottliebMore LessThe globalisation of communication networks has increased the domains of translation and is challenging ever more the translator’s role. This volume is a collection of contributions from two different conferences (Misano, 1997 and Berlin, 1998). (Multi)Media translation, especially screen translation (TV, cinema, video), has made more explicit the complexities of any communication and has led us to take a fresh look at the translator’s strategies and behaviours.Several papers ponder the concepts of media and multimedia, the necessity of interdisciplinarity, the polysemiotic dimension of audiovisual media. Quite a few discuss the current transformations in audiovisual media policy. A great many deal with practices, mainly in subtitling but also in interpreting for TV and surtitling: what are the quality parameters and the conditions to meet audience’s expectations?
Finally some show the cultural and linguistic implications of screen translation. Digitalisation is changing production and broadcasting and speeding up convergence between media, telecommunications and information and communication technology.
Is (multi)media translation a new field of study or an umbrella framework for scholars from various disciplines? Is it a trick to overcome the absence of prestige in Translation Studies? Or is it just a buzz word which gives rise to confusion? These questions remain open: the 26 contributions are partial answers.
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Investigating Translation
Editor(s): Allison Beeby, Doris Ensinger and Marisa PresasMore LessThis volume brings together a selection of papers presented at an international conference on Translation Studies in Barcelona in 1998. The papers illustrate four areas that are of particular interest in translation research today in Europe, Asia and Latin America. The purpose of the first section, ‘Investigating Translation Paradigms’, is to reach a critical revision of existing paradigms and to develop new ones in approaching the translated text. The second section, ‘Investigating the Translation Process’, focuses on the skills, knowledge and strategies that make up translation competence. The third section, ‘Investigating Translation and Ideology’ addresses not only the ‘invisible’ influence of ideologies on the translator, but also the role of translators in transmitting ideology. The fourth section, ‘Investigating Translation Receivers’ envisages translators as communicators caught between the opposing trends of localisation and globalisation. This tension can be seen in the selection of the papers, some of which reflect on research carried out in recently established translation centres in Spain, while others discuss the latest work of scholars from long established centres in other countries.
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Translation in Context
Editor(s): Andrew Chesterman, Natividad Gallardo San Salvador and Yves GambierMore LessTranslation in Context is a collection of contributions from the 1998 Congress arranged by EST, the European Society for Translation Studies, in Granada, Spain. It illustrates some of the latest research interests and achievements in Translation Studies at the turn of the millennium. The contributions show how the context of Translation Studies has expanded to cover new documentation techniques, cultural and psychological factors, the latest computer tools, ideological issues, media translation, and new methodologies. A total of 32 papers deal with: (I) Conceptual analysis in Translation Studies, (II) Situational, sociological and political factors, (III) Psychological and cognitive aspects, (IV) Translation effects, (V) Computer aids, (VI) Text-type studies, (VII) Culture-bound concepts, and (VIII) Translation history. The languages of the papers and abstracts are English, French, German and Spanish.
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Language Processing and Simultaneous Interpreting
Editor(s): Birgitta Englund Dimitrova and Kenneth HyltenstamMore LessThis volume brings together papers from the areas of psychology, general linguistics, psycholinguistics, as well as from simultaneous interpreting. Their common focus is how theories and methodologies from various disciplines can be applied to the study of simultaneous interpreting, and also to suggest ways in which the study of simultaneous interpreting in its turn might contribute to knowledge in other areas. General topics dealt with include memory, language processing, bilingual processing, and second language acquisition. The articles more specifically focused on simultaneous interpreting discuss implications of the general topics and report on empirical studies on expertise in interpreting and on phonological interference in spoken language interpreting. Requirements for further interdisciplinary research in the context of simultaneous interpreting are considered. There is also a discussion of transcription conventions for simultaneous interpreting.
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Tapping and Mapping the Processes of Translation and Interpreting
Editor(s): Sonja Tirkkonen-Condit and Riitta JääskeläinenMore LessThis volume brings together cognitive psychologists, interpreting scholars and translation researchers, who look at the process phenomena involved in translation and interpreting (T/I) from various linguistic vantage points.
The focus is on methodology and the problems that loom large in a multidisciplinary discipline. The authors include Annette de Groot, Juliane House, Kirsten Malmkjaer and Miriam Shlesinger.
The topics discussed range from simultaneous interpreting, subtitling, translating in pairs, the sub-skills involved in T/I, to expertise and management issues.
Three major challenges emerge from T/I process research as it is portrayed in this book:
- How to maintain a clear vision of the object of study?
- How to ensure methodological sobriety?
- How to transfer the emerging knowledge of expertise to translation pedagogy?
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The Critical Link 2
Editor(s): Roda P. Roberts, Silvana E. Carr, Diana Abraham and Aideen DufourMore LessThis volume of selected papers from the second Critical Link conference (Vancouver, 1998) shows a marked evolution in Community Interpreting (CI) since the first Critical Link conference of 1995. In the intervening three
years the field has advanced from pioneering to professionalization in response to new social needs created by the influx of immigrants into the developed countries, or by an awakened sensitivity to the rights of those countries’ aboriginal peoples. Most of the papers discuss professionalization in terms of standards, tests and examinations; training; accreditation; and professional organizations that establish and administer professional standards. The collection reveals similar concerns about these issues throughout the world and a global focus on ‘standards’.
With a Foreword by Brian Harris.
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Developing Translation Competence
Editor(s): Christina Schäffner and Beverly AdabMore LessThis volume presents a comprehensive study of what constitutes Translation Competence, from the various sub-competences to the overall skill. Contributors combine experience as translation scholars with their experience as teachers of translation. The volume is organized into three sections: Defining, Building, and Assessing Translation Competence.
The chapters offer insights into the nature of translation competence and its place in the translation training programme in an academic environment and show how theoretical considerations have contributed to defining, building and assessing translation competence, offering practical examples of how this can be achieved.
The first section introduces major sub-competences, including linguistic, cultural, textual, subject, research, and transfer competence. The second section presents issues relating to course design, methodology and teaching practice. The third section reflects on criteria for quality assessment.
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Translating the Elusive
Author(s): Monika S. SchmidThis work presents an in-depth analysis of text- and speaker-based meaning of non-canonical word order in English and ways to preserve this in English-German translation. Among the sentence structures under discussion are subject-verb inversion, Left Dislocation, Topicalization as well as wh-cleft and it -cleft sentences. Various approaches to the description and analysis of the meaning potential of these structures are presented and discussed, among them theories of grammaticalization, subjectivity, empathy and information structure.
English as a rigid word order language has quite different means of creating meaning by syntactic variation than a free word order language like German. Contrastive analyses of English and German have emphasized structural differences due to the fact that English uses word order to encode the assignment of grammatical roles, while in German this is achieved mainly by morphological means. For most ‘marked’ constructions in English a corresponding, structure-preserving translation does not lead to an ungrammatical or unacceptable German sentence. The temptation for the translator to preserve these structures is therefore great. A case study discusses more than 200 example sentences drawn from recent works of US-American fiction and offers possible strategies for their translation.
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Tales and Translation
Author(s): Cay DollerupDealing with the most translated work of German literature, the Tales of the brothers Grimm (1812-1815), this book discusses their history, notably in relation to Denmark and subsequently other nations from 1816 to 1986. The Danish intelligentsia responded enthusiastically to the tales and some were immediately translated into Danish by a nobleman and by the foremost Romantic poet. Their renditions remained in print for a century and embued the tales with high prestige. This book discusses translators, approaches, and other parameters such as copyright, and changes in target audiences. The tales’ social acceptability inspired Hans Christian Andersen to write his celebrated fairytales. Combined, the Grimm and Andersen tales came to constitute the ‘international fairytale’.This genre was born in processes of translation and, today, it is rooted more firmly in the world of translation than in national literatures. This book thus addresses issues of interest to literary, cross-cultural studies and translation.
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Simultaneous Interpretation
Author(s): Robin SettonSimultaneous interpretation is among the most complex of human cognitive/linguistic activities. This study, which will interest practitioners and trainers as well as linguists, draws more on linguistics-based theories of cognition in communication (cognitive semantics and pragmatics) than on the traditional information-processing approaches of cognitive psychology, and shows SI to be a valuable source of data on language and cognition.Starting from semantic representations of input and output in samples of professional SI from Chinese and German into English, the analysis explains the classic phenomena – anticipation, restoration of the implicit-explicit balance, and communicative re-packaging (‘re-ostension’) of the discourse – in terms of an intermediate cognitive model in working memory, allowing a more unitary view of resource management in the SI task. Relevance-theoretic analysis of the input discourse reveals rich pragmatic information guiding the construction of the appropriate contexts and the speaker’s underlying intentionalities. The course of meaning assembly is reconstructed in annotated synchronised transcripts.
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Translation and Interpreting in the 20th Century
Author(s): Wolfram WilssThis book provides a historical survey of the unfolding of translation and interpreting (language mediation) in the 20th century with special reference to the German-speaking area. It is based first, on extensive archive research in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, second, on a large number of interviews with experts in the field of language mediation, and third, on the author's observations and experiences in the field of translation practice, translation teaching, and translation studies between 1950-1995. A specific feature of the book is the description of the social role of the language mediator through the prisms of communicative targets and technological developments and to determine his function as that of an indispensable bridge-builder between the members of differing linguistic and cultural communities.
Historically, it distinguishes between three main phases, the period from 1900 to 1919 with the dominance of French as lingua franca in international communication, the period from 1919 to 1945, which is characterized by English-French bilingualism, and the period from 1945 to approximately 1990 with its massive trend toward multilingualism and the development of language mediation into a “translation industry”. The book continues with chapters on the implications of globalization, specialization and automaticization for international communication and it closes with reflections on future prospects for the profession in a knowledge society, both from a practical and a pedagogical viewpoint.
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Rimbaud's Rainbow
Editor(s): Peter Bush and Kirsten MalmkjærMore LessThis selection of papers from the ITI’s landmark First International Colloquium on Literary Translation includes provocative perspectives on the teaching, research and status of literary education in universities. By way of introduction Peter Bush looks at strategies for raising the profile of the theory and practice of literary translation, its professionalisation and role in the development of national and international cultures. Nicholas Round and Edwin Gentzler explore undergraduate teaching of translation in the UK and the US while Douglas Robinson gives a Woody Allenish frame to an experience of pedagogy. Susan Bassnett sets out an overview of the development of research in Translation Studies that is complemented by case studies of translations of Shakespeare’s Letter-Puns by Dirk Delabastita and of Molly Bloom’s Soliloquy by Maria Angeles Code Parrilla. Kirsten Malmkjær and Masako Taira respectively review translating Hans Christian Andersen and the Japanese particle ne as examples of the relationship between linguistics and literary translation. Ian Craig examines the impact of censorship on the translation of children’s fiction in Francoist Spain. Developing the international perspective, Else Vieira considers paradigms for translation in Latin America from concretist poetics to post-modernism.
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Translators' Strategies and Creativity
Editor(s): Ann Beylard-Ozeroff, Jana Králová and Barbara Moser-MercerMore LessIn their contributions the authors reflect upon Levý’s thinking on translation as a communication process and on Popovič’s insistence on the importance of re-creating a text both at the surface and deep levels. Examples are drawn from literary translation, technical translation, from audio-visual translation and from interpreting, and the authors point out that translators in all domains inevitably come up against linguistic, textual and other constraints, which, if they are to be resolved successfully, call upon a translator’s and interpreter’s strategies and creativity. The authors argue that this is the essence of professional decision-making in translation — according to Levý translation is a decision-making process — and that translation teachers should help students develop an understanding of translation strategies and of the vital role that creativity plays throughout the translation/interpreting process.
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Translation and Creation
Editor(s): David E. PollardMore LessIn the late Qing period, from the Opium War to the 1911 revolution, China absorbed the initial impact of Western arms, manufactures, science and culture, in that order. This volume of essays deals with the reception of Western literature, on the evidence of translations made. Having to overcome Chinese assumptions of cultural superiority, the perception that the West had a literature worth notice grew only gradually. It was not until the very end of the 19th century that a translation of a Western novel (La dame aux camélias) achieved popular acclaim. But this opened the floodgates: in the first decade of the 20th century, more translated fiction was published than original fiction.
The core essays in this collection deal with aspects of this influx according to division of territory. Some take key works (e.g. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Byron’s “The Isles of Greece”), some sample genres (science fiction, detective fiction, fables, political novels), the common attention being to the adjustments made by translators to suit the prevailing aesthetic, cultural and social norms, and/or the current needs and preoccupations of the receiving public. A broad overview of translation activities is given in the introduction.
To present the subject in its true guise, that of a major cultural shift, supporting papers are included to fill in the background and to describe some of the effects of this foreign invasion on native literature. A rounded picture emerges that will be intelligible to readers who have no specialized knowledge of China.
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Text Typology and Translation
Editor(s): Anna TrosborgMore LessThis book breaks new ground in translation theory and practice. The central question is: In what ways are translations affected by text types? The two main areas of investigation are: A. What are the advantages of focusing on text types when trying to understand the process of translation? How do translators tackle different text types in their daily practice? B. To what extent and in what areas are text types identical across languages and cultures? What similarities and dissimilarities can be observed in text types of original and translated texts?Part I deals with methodological aspects and offers a typology of translations both as product and as process. Part II is devoted to domain-specific texts in a cross-cultural perspective, while Part III is concerned with terminology and lexicon as well as the constraints of mode and medium involving dubbing and subtitling as translation methods. Sonnets, sagas, fairy tales, novels and feature films, sermons, political speeches, international treaties, instruction leaflets, business letters, academic lectures, academic articles, medical research articles, technical brochures and legal documents are but some of the texts under investigation.
In sum, this volume provides a theoretical overview of major problems and possibilities as well as investigations into a variety of text types with practical suggestions that deserve to be weighted by anyone considering the relation between text typology and translation. The volume is indispensable for the translator in his/her efforts to become a “competent text-aware professional”.
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The Translator's Dialogue
Editor(s): Pilar Orero and Juan C. SagerMore LessThe Translator’s Dialogue: Giovanni Pontiero is a tribute to an outstanding translator of literary works from Portuguese, Luso-Brasilian, Italian and Spanish into English. The translator introduced authors such as Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Manuel Bandeira, Clarice Lispector and José Saramago to the English reading world.
Pontiero’s essays shed light on the process of literary translation and its impact on cultural perception. This process is exemplified by Pontiero the translator and analyst, some of the authors he collaborated with, publishers’ editors and literary critics and, finally, by an unpublished translation of a short story by José Saramago, Coisas.
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Translation as Intercultural Communication
Editor(s): Mary Snell-Hornby, Zuzana Jettmarová and Klaus KaindlMore LessThis selection of 30 contributions (3 workshop reports, 27 papers from 14 countries) concentrates on intercultural communication in its broadest sense: themes vary from dissident translation under the Marcos dictatorship in the Philippines and translation as a process of power in the 3rd world context to drama translation and the role of the cognitive sciences in translation theory. Topics of current interest such as media interpreting, news translation, advertising, subtitling and the ethics of translation have a prominent position, as does the Workshop 'Contact as Conflict' which discusses the phenomenon of the hybrid text as a result of the translation process. The volume closes with the EST Focus debate on thorny issues of Methodology, Policy and Training. The volume demonstrates clearly the richness and breadth of the topics dealt with in Translation Studies today along with its complex interaction with neighbouring disciplines.
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Conference Interpreting
Editor(s): Yves Gambier, Daniel Gile and Christopher TaylorMore Less'Conference Interpreting: What do we know and how?' is the title of a round-table conference (Turku 1994) organised to assess the state of the art in conference interpreting research. The result is collected in this volume with fully coordinated reports on the round tables. The book presents an exciting coverage of the field, touching on methodology, communication, discourse, culture, neurolinguistic and cognitive aspects, quality assessment, training and developing skills.
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Nonverbal Communication and Translation
Editor(s): Fernando PoyatosMore LessThis is the first book, within the interdisciplinary field of Nonverbal Communication Studies, dealing with the specific tasks and problems involved in the translation of literary works as well as film and television texts, and in the live experience of simultaneous and consecutive interpretation. The theoretical and methodological ideas and models it contains should merit the interest not only of students of literature, professional translators and translatologists, interpreters, and those engaged in film and television dubbing, but also to literary readers, film and theatergoers, linguists and psycholinguists, semioticians, communicologists, and crosscultural anthropologists. Its sixteen contributions by translation scholars and professional interpreters from fifteen countries, deal with discourse in translation, intercultural problems, narrative literature, theater, poetry, interpretation, and film and television dubbing.
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