1887
  1. Home
  2. e-Journals
  3. Interaction Studies
  4. Volume 17, Issue 1
  5. Article
Volume 17, Issue 1
  • ISSN 1572-0373
  • E-ISSN: 1572-0381
PDF

Abstract

It is well-established that toddlers can correctly select a novel referent from an ambiguous array in response to a novel label. There is also a growing consensus that robust word learning requires repeated label-object encounters. However, the effect of the context in which a novel object is encountered is less well-understood. We present two embodied neural network replications of recent empirical tasks, which demonstrated that the context in which a target object is encountered is fundamental to referent selection and word learning. Our model offers an explicit account of the bottom-up associative and embodied mechanisms which could support children’s early word learning and emphasises the importance of viewing behaviour as the interaction of learning at multiple timescales.

This article is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.

© John Benjamins
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/is.17.1.05two
2016-09-26
2024-04-18

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1075/is.17.1.05two
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/is.17.1.05two.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1075/is.17.1.05two&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Alvy Ray, S.
    (1978) Color gamut transform pairs. SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, 12(3), 12–19 doi: 10.1145/965139.807361
     https://doi.org/10.1145/965139.807361 [Google Scholar]
  2. Axelsson, E. L. , Churchley, K. , & Horst, J. S.
    (2012) The right thing at the right time: Why ostensive naming facilitates word learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 3 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00088
     https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00088 [Google Scholar]
  3. Axelsson, E. L. , & Horst, J. S.
    (2013) Testing a word is not a test of word learning. Acta Psychologica, 144(2), 264–268 doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.07.002
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.07.002 [Google Scholar]
  4. Baldwin, D.A.
    (1993) Infants’ ability to consult the speaker for clues to word reference. Journal of Child Language, 20(02), 395–418 doi: 10.1017/S0305000900008345
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000900008345 [Google Scholar]
  5. Bion, R. A. , Borovsky, A. , & Fernald, A.
    (2013) Fast mapping, slow learning: Disambiguation of novel word–object mappings in relation to vocabulary learning at 18, 24, and 30months. Cognition, 126(1), 39–53 doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2012.08.008
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2012.08.008 [Google Scholar]
  6. Borovsky, A. , Ellis, E. M. , Evans, J. L. , & Elman, J. L.
    (2015) Lexical leverage: category knowledge boosts real-time novel word recognition in 2-year-olds. Developmental Science doi: 10.1111/desc.12343
     https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12343 [Google Scholar]
  7. Borovsky, A. , & Elman, J.
    (2006) Language input and semantic categories: A relation between cognition and early word learning. Journal of Child Language, 33(04), 759–790 doi: 10.1017/S0305000906007574
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000906007574 [Google Scholar]
  8. Brooks, R. , & Meltzoff, A. N.
    (2005) The development of gaze following and its relation to language. Developmental Science, 8(6), 535–543 doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑7687.2005.00445.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.00445.x [Google Scholar]
  9. Cangelosi, A. , & Schlesinger, M.
    (2015) Developmental robotics: From babies to robots. MIT Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Carey, S. , & Bartlett, E.
    (1978) Acquiring a single new word. Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, 15, 17–29.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Clark, E.V.
    (1990) On the pragmatics of contrast. Journal of Child Language, 17(2), 417–431 doi: 10.1017/S0305000900013842
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000900013842 [Google Scholar]
  12. (1995) The Lexicon in Acquisition. Cambridge University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Fantz, R.L.
    (1964) Visual experience in infants: Decreased attention familar patterns relative to novel ones. Science, 146(668–670 doi: 10.1126/science.146.3644.668
     https://doi.org/10.1126/science.146.3644.668 [Google Scholar]
  14. Faubel, C. , & Schoner, G.
    (2008) Learning to recognize objects on the fly: A neurally based dynamic field approach. Neural Networks, 21(4), 562–576 doi: 10.1016/j.neunet.2008.03.007
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2008.03.007 [Google Scholar]
  15. Fazly, A. , Alishahi, A. , & Stevenson, S.
    (2010) A probabilistic computational model of cross-situational word learning. Cognitive Science, 34(6), 1017–1063 doi: 10.1111/j.1551‑6709.2010.01104.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01104.x [Google Scholar]
  16. Fenson, L. , Dale, P. S. , Reznick, J. S. , Thal, D. , Bates, E. , Hartung, J. P. , … Reilly, J. S.
    (1993) The MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories: User’s Guide and Technical Manual. San Diego: Singular Publishing Group.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Fitneva, S. A. , & Christiansen, M. H.
    (2011) Looking in the wrong direction correlates with more accurate word learning. Cognitive Science, 35(2), 367–380 doi: 10.1111/j.1551‑6709.2010.01156.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01156.x [Google Scholar]
  18. Gillette, J. , Gleitman, H. , Gleitman, L. , & Lederer, A.
    (1999) Human simulations of vocabulary learning. Cognition, 73(2), 135–176 doi: 10.1016/S0010‑0277(99)00036‑0
     https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00036-0 [Google Scholar]
  19. Gliozzi, V. , Mayor, J. , Hu, J. F. , & Plunkett, K.
    (2009) Labels as features (not names) for infant categorization: A neurocomputational approach. Cognitive Science, 33(4), 709–738 doi: 10.1111/j.1551‑6709.2009.01026.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2009.01026.x [Google Scholar]
  20. Golinkoff, R. M. , Hirsh-Pasek, K. , Bailey, L. M. , & Wenger, N. R.
    (1992) Young children and adults use lexical principles to learn new nouns. Developmental Psychology, 28(1), 99–108 doi: 10.1037/0012‑1649.28.1.99
     https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.28.1.99 [Google Scholar]
  21. Golinkoff, R. M. , Ma, W. , Song, L. , & Hirsh-Pasek, K
    (2013) Twenty-five years using the Intermodal Preferential Looking Paradigm to study language acquisition: What have we learned?Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(3), 316–339 doi: 10.1177/1745691613484936
     https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691613484936 [Google Scholar]
  22. Gurney, K.
    (1997) An introduction to neural networks. CRC Press. doi: 10.4324/9780203451519
     https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203451519 [Google Scholar]
  23. Halberda, J.
    (2006) Is this a dax which I see before me? Use of the logical argument disjunctive syllogism supports word-learning in children and adults. Cognitive Psychology, 53(4), 310–44 doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2006.04.003
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2006.04.003 [Google Scholar]
  24. Hebb, D.
    (1949) The organization of behavior: A neuropsychological theory.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Horst, J. S. , McMurray, B. & Samuelson, L. K.
    (2006) Online processing is essential for learning: Understanding fast mapping and word learning in a dynamic connectionist architecture. Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Lawrence Erlbaum & Associates.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Horst, J. S. , & Samuelson, L. K.
    (2008) Fast mapping but poor retention by 24-month-old infants. Infancy, 13(2), 128–157 doi: 10.1080/15250000701795598
     https://doi.org/10.1080/15250000701795598 [Google Scholar]
  27. Horst, J. S. , Samuelson, L. K. , Kucker, S. C. , & McMurray, B.
    (2011) What’s new? Children prefer novelty in referent selection. Cognition, 118(2), 234–244 doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2010.10.015
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2010.10.015 [Google Scholar]
  28. Horst, J. S. , Scott, E. J. , & Pollard, J. P.
    (2010) The role of competition in word learning via referent selection. Developmental Science, 13(5), 706–713 doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑7687.2009.00926.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00926.x [Google Scholar]
  29. Horst, J. S. , & Simmering, V. R.
    (2015) Category learning in a dynamic world. Frontiers in Psychology,6
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Horst, J. S. , McMurray, B. & Samuelson, L. K.
    (2006) Online processing is essential for learning: Understanding fast mapping and word learning in a dynamic connectionist architecture. Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Lawrence Erlbaum & Associates
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Houston-Price, C. , & Nakai, S.
    (2004) Distinguishing novelty and familiarity effects in infant preference procedures. Infant and Child Development, 13(4), 341–348 doi: 10.1002/icd.364
     https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.364 [Google Scholar]
  32. Houston-Price, C. , Plunkett, K. , & Harris, P.
    (2005) “Word-learning wizardry” at 1;6. Journal of Child Language, 32(1), 175–189 doi: 10.1017/S0305000904006610
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000904006610 [Google Scholar]
  33. Kohonen, T.
    (1998) The Self-Organizing Map, a possible model of brain maps. Brain and Values, 207–236568.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Klee, T. , Marr, C. , Robertson, E. , & Harrison, C.
    (1999) The MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory: Toddler (British English adaptation). Newcastle, England: Newcastle University Press.
  35. Kucker, S. C. , McMurray, B. , & Samuelson, L. K.
    (2015) Slowing down fast mapping: Redefining the dynamics of word learning. Child Development Perspectives, 9(2), 74–78 doi: 10.1111/cdep.12110
     https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12110 [Google Scholar]
  36. Kucker, S. C. , & Samuelson, L. K.
    (2011) The first slow step: Differential effects of object and word-form familiarization on retention of fast-mapped words. Infancy, 17(3), 295–323 doi: 10.1111/j.1532‑7078.2011.00081.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00081.x [Google Scholar]
  37. Maestre, C. , Cully, A. , Gonzales, C. , & Doncieux, S.
    (2015) Bootstrapping interactions with objects from raw sensorimotor data: a Novelty Search based approach. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Development and Learning and on Epigenetic Robotics. Providence, RI.
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Mani, N. , & Plunkett, K.
    (2010) In the infant’s mind’s ear: Evidence for implicit naming in 18-month-olds. Psychological Science, 21(7), 908–913 doi: 10.1177/0956797610373371
     https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610373371 [Google Scholar]
  39. Markman, E.M.
    (1990) Constraints children place on word meanings. Cognitive Science, 14(1), 57–77 doi: 10.1207/s15516709cog1401_4
     https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1401_4 [Google Scholar]
  40. (1994) Constraints on word meaning in early language acquisition. Lingua, 92(1–4), 199–227 doi: 10.1016/0024‑3841(94)90342‑5
     https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3841(94)90342-5 [Google Scholar]
  41. Markman, E. M. , & Hutchinson, J. E.
    (1984) Children’s sensitivity to constraints on word meaning: Taxonomic versus thematic relations. Cognitive Psychology, 16(1), 1–27 doi: 10.1016/0010‑0285(84)90002‑1
     https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(84)90002-1 [Google Scholar]
  42. Markman, E. M. , & Wachtel, G. F.
    (1988) Children’s use of mutual exclusivity to constrain the meaning of words. Cognitive Psychology, 20(2), 121–157 doi: 10.1016/0010‑0285(88)90017‑5
     https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(88)90017-5 [Google Scholar]
  43. Marocco, D. , Cangelosi, A. , Fischer, K. , & Belpaeme, T.
    (2010) Grounding action words in the sensorimotor interaction with the world: experiments with a simulated iCub humanoid robot. Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 4
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Mather, E. , & Plunkett, K.
    (2009) Learning words over time: The role of stimulus repetition in Mutual Exclusivity. Infancy, 14(1), 60–76 doi: 10.1080/15250000802569702
     https://doi.org/10.1080/15250000802569702 [Google Scholar]
  45. McClelland, J. L.
    (2009) The place of modeling in cognitive science. Topics in Cognitive Science, 1(1), 11–38 doi: 10.1111/j.1756‑8765.2008.01003.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-8765.2008.01003.x [Google Scholar]
  46. McClelland, J. L. , & Rumelhart, D. E.
    (1981) An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: I. An account of basic findings. Psychological Review, 88(5), 375 doi: 10.1037/0033‑295X.88.5.375
     https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.88.5.375 [Google Scholar]
  47. McMurray, B. , Horst, J. S. , & Samuelson, L. K.
    (2012) Word learning emerges from the interaction of online referent selection and slow associative learning. Psychological Review, 119(4), 83877 doi: 10.1037/a0029872
     https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029872 [Google Scholar]
  48. Medina, T. N. , Snedeker, J. , Trueswell, J. C. , & Gleitman, L. R.
    (2011) How words can and cannot be learned by observation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(22), 9014–9019 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1105040108
     https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1105040108 [Google Scholar]
  49. Merriman, W. E. , Bowman, L. L. , & MacWhinney, B.
    (1989) The mutual exclusivity bias in children’s word learning. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, i–129 doi: 10.2307/1166130
     https://doi.org/10.2307/1166130 [Google Scholar]
  50. Mervis, C. B. , & Bertrand, J.
    (1994) Acquisition of the Novel Name Nameless Category (N3c) principle. Child Development, 65(6), 1646–1662 doi: 10.2307/1131285
     https://doi.org/10.2307/1131285 [Google Scholar]
  51. Metta, G. , Natale, L. , Nori, F. , Sandini, G. , Vernon, D. , Fadiga, L. , von Hofsten, C. , Rosander, K. , Lopes, M. , Santos-victor, J. , Bernardino, A. , & Montesano, L.
    (2010) The iCub humanoid robot: An open-systems platform for research in cognitive development. Neural Networks Neural Networks, 23(8–9), 1125–1134 doi: 10.1016/j.neunet.2010.08.010
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2010.08.010 [Google Scholar]
  52. Montesano, L. , Lopes, M. , Bernardino, A. , & Santos-Victor, J.
    (2008) Learning object affordances: from sensory–motor coordination to imitation. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 24(1), 15–26 doi: 10.1109/TRO.2007.914848
     https://doi.org/10.1109/TRO.2007.914848 [Google Scholar]
  53. Moore, R. , Mueller, B. , Kaminski, J. , & Tomasello, M.
    (2015) Two-year-old children but not domestic dogs understand communicative intentions without language, gestures, or gaze. Developmental Science, 18(2), 232–242 doi: 10.1111/desc.12206
     https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12206 [Google Scholar]
  54. Morse, A. F. , Benitez, V. L. , Belpaeme, T. , Cangelosi, A. , & Smith, L. B.
    (2015) Posture affects how robots and infants map words to objects. PLoS ONE, 10(3), e0116012 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116012
     https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116012 [Google Scholar]
  55. Morse, A. F. & Cangelosi, A.
    (in press). Why are there developmental stages in language learning? A developmental robotics model of language development. Cognitive Science.
     [Google Scholar]
  56. Morse, A. F. , de Greeff, J. , Belpeame, T. , & Cangelosi, A.
    (2010) Epigenetic Robotics Architecture (ERA). IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development, 2(4), 325–339. doi: 10.1109/TAMD.2010.2087020
     https://doi.org/10.1109/TAMD.2010.2087020 [Google Scholar]
  57. Munakata, Y. , & Pfaffly, J.
    (2004) Hebbian learning and development. Developmental Science, 7(2), 141–8. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑7687.2004.00331.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2004.00331.x [Google Scholar]
  58. Munro, N. , Baker, E. , McGregor, K. , Docking, K. , & Arculi, J.
    (2012) Why word learning is not fast. Frontiers in Psychology, 3 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00041
     https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00041 [Google Scholar]
  59. Oudeyer, P.-Y. , & Smith, L.
    (2016) How evolution may work through curiosity-driven developmental process. Topics in Cognitive Science, 8(2),492–502. doi: 10.1111/tops.12196
     https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12196 [Google Scholar]
  60. Perry, L. K. , & Samuelson, L. K.
    (2011) The shape of the vocabulary predicts the shape of the bias. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 345 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00345
     https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00345 [Google Scholar]
  61. Quine, W. V. O.
    (1960) Word and Object. Cambridge: MA: MIT Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  62. Samuelson, L.K.
    (2002) Statistical regularities in vocabulary guide language acquisition in connectionist models and 15–20-month-olds. Developmental Psychology, 38(6), 1016–1037 doi: 10.1037/0012‑1649.38.6.1016
     https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.38.6.1016 [Google Scholar]
  63. Samuelson, L. K. , Smith, L. B. , Perry, L. K. , & Spencer, J. P.
    (2011) Grounding word learning in space. Plo S One, 6(12), e28095 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028095
     https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028095 [Google Scholar]
  64. Schulze, C. , & Tomasello, M.
    (2015) 18-month-olds comprehend indirect communicative acts. Cognition, 136, 91–98 doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2014.11.036
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2014.11.036 [Google Scholar]
  65. Shaw, P. , Law, J. , & Lee, M.
    (2014) A comparison of learning strategies for biologically constrained development of gaze control on an icub robot. Autonomous Robots, 37(1), 97–110 doi: 10.1007/s10514‑013‑9378‑4
     https://doi.org/10.1007/s10514-013-9378-4 [Google Scholar]
  66. Smith, L.B.
    (2000) Learning how to learn words: An associative crane. In R. M. Golinkoff , Hirsh-Pasek, K. , Bloom, L. , Smith, L. B. , Woodward, A. L. , Akhtar, N. , … G. Hollich (Eds.), Becoming a Word Learner: A Debate on Lexical Acquisition (pp. 51–80). New York: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195130324.003.003
     https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195130324.003.003 [Google Scholar]
  67. Smith, L. B. , Colunga, E. , & Yoshida, H.
    (2010) Knowledge as process: Contextually cued attention and early word learning. Cognitive Science, 34(7), 1287–1314 doi: 10.1111/j.1551‑6709.2010.01130.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01130.x [Google Scholar]
  68. Smith, L. B. , Jones, S. S. , Yoshida, H. , & Colunga, E.
    (2003) Whose DAM account? Attentional learning explains Booth and Waxman. Cognition, 87(3), 209–213. doi: 10.1016/s0010‑0277(02)00236‑6
     https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-0277(02)00236-6 [Google Scholar]
  69. Smith, L. B. , & Yu, C.
    (2008) Infants rapidly learn word-referent mappings via cross-situational statistics. Cognition, 106(3), 1558–1568 doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2007.06.010
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2007.06.010 [Google Scholar]
  70. Smith, L. B. , Yu, C. , & Pereira, A. F.
    (2011) Not your mother’s view: The dynamics of toddler visual experience. Developmental Science, 14(1), 9–17 doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑7687.2009.00947.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00947.x [Google Scholar]
  71. Thelen, E. , & Smith, L. B.
    (1994) A dynamic systems approach to the development of cognition and action. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  72. Tikhanoff, V. , Cangelosi, A. , & Metta, G.
    (2011) Integration of speech and action in humanoid robots: iCub simulation experiments. Autonomous Mental Development, IEEE Transactions on, 3(1), 17–29 doi: 10.1109/TAMD.2010.2100390
     https://doi.org/10.1109/TAMD.2010.2100390 [Google Scholar]
  73. Tomasello, M. , & Akhtar, N.
    (1995) Two-year-olds use pragmatic cues to differentiate reference to objects and actions. Cognitive Development, 10(2), 201–224 doi: 10.1016/0885‑2014(95)90009‑8
     https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-2014(95)90009-8 [Google Scholar]
  74. Twomey, K. E. , Chang, F. , & Ambridge, B.
    (2014) Do as I say, not as I do: A lexical distributional account of English locative verb class acquisition. Cognitive Psychology, 73, 41–71 doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2014.05.001
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2014.05.001 [Google Scholar]
  75. Twomey, K. E. , Horst, J. S. , & Morse, A. F.
    (2013) An embodied model of young children’s categorization and word learning. In L. J. Gogate & G. Hollich (Eds.), Theoretical and Computational Models of Word Learning: Trends in Psychology and Artificial Intelligence (pp. 172–196). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference doi: 10.4018/978‑1‑4666‑2973‑8.ch008
     https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2973-8.ch008 [Google Scholar]
  76. Twomey, K. E. , Ranson, S. L. , & Horst, J. S.
    (2014) That’s more like it: Multiple exemplars facilitate word learning. Infant and Child Development, 23(2), 105–122 doi: 10.1002/icd.1824
     https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.1824 [Google Scholar]
  77. Westermann, G. , & Mareschal, D.
    (2012) Mechanisms of developmental change in infant categorization. Cognitive Development, 27(4), 367–382 doi: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2012.08.004
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2012.08.004 [Google Scholar]
  78. (2014) From perceptual to language-mediated categorization. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 369(1634), 20120391
     [Google Scholar]
  79. Yuan, S. , Fisher, C. , & Snedeker, J.
    (2012) Counting the nouns: Simple structural cues to verb neaning. Child Development, 83(4), 1382–1399 doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑8624.2012.01783.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01783.x [Google Scholar]
  80. Yu, C. , & Smith, L. B.
    (2007) Rapid word learning under uncertainty via cross-situational statistics. Psychological Science, 18(5), 414–420 doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑9280.2007.01915.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01915.x [Google Scholar]
  81. Yurovsky, D. , Fricker, D. C. , Yu, C. , & Smith, L. B.
    (2014) The role of partial knowledge in statistical word learning. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(1), 1–22 doi: 10.3758/s13423‑013‑0443‑y
     https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0443-y [Google Scholar]
  82. Zosh, J. M. , Brinster, M. , & Halberda, J.
    (2013) Optimal contrast: Competition between two referents improves word learning. Applied Developmental Science, 17(1), 20–28 doi: 10.1080/10888691.2013.748420
     https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2013.748420 [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1075/is.17.1.05two
Loading
Children’s referent selection and word learning: Insights from a developmental robotic system
Interaction Studies 17, 93 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1075/is.17.1.05two
/content/journals/10.1075/is.17.1.05two
/content/journals/10.1075/is.17.1.05two
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): competition; developmental robotics; Epigenetic Robotics Architecture; fast mapping; iCub; novelty; referent selection; self-organizing maps; word learning

Most Cited

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error