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Chapter 6. The final-appendage construction

in Japanese and Korean

To what extent is post-predicative position exploited in the two East Asian languages?

image of Chapter 6. The final-appendage construction in Japanese and Korean

Japanese and Korean are both predicate-final (OV) languages with relatively flexible constituent order. However, our analysis of parallel texts (Japanese novels and their Korean translations) demonstrates that the two languages differ in the exploitability of post-predicative position. Korean has a much lower frequency of final-appendage structures with clause-internal elements (especially adnominals and subject nominals) less likely to occur in post-predicative position. On the other hand, Korean shows a relatively higher proportion of vocative phrases in post-predicative position despite a lower frequency of final-appendage structures. The results reveal that Japanese exhibits a relatively higher degree of constructional entrenchment of final-appendage structures. In contrast, post-predicative position in Korean is rather restrictive, more limited to clause-external elements than to clause-internal ones.

e-Book ISBN 9789027252814
  • Affiliations: 1: Fuji Women's University; 2: Hokkaido University of Education; 3: Georgia Institute of Technology

References

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    2006 An emotively motivated post-predicate constituent order in a ‘strict predicate final’ language: Emotion and grammar meet in Japanese everyday talk. InEmotive Communication in Japanese, Satoko Suzuki (ed.), 139–153. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/pbns.151.07ono
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    1992 Word order variability in Japanese conversation: Motivations and grammaticization. Text12(3): 429–445. 10.1515/text.1.1992.12.3.429
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  21. Simon, Mutsuko Endo
    1989 An Analysis of the Postposing Construction in Japanese. PhD dissertation, University of Michigan.
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    2014 The interplay of discourse and prosody at the left and right periphery in Korean: An analysis of kuntey ‘but.’InDiscourse Functions at the Left and Right Periphery: Crosslinguistic Investigations of Language Use and Language Change [Studies in Pragmatics 12], Kate Beeching & Ulrich Detges (eds), 221–249. Leiden: Brill. 10.1163/9789004274822_010
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  23. Takami, Ken-ich
    1994 Nichiego taishookenkyuu (5): Nichieigo-no koochibun-to joohookoozoo (A contrastive study of Japanese and English: Postposing and information structure in Japanese and English). Eigo Seinen (The Rising Generation) 140(5): 230–232.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Takami, Ken-ichi
    1995 Nichieigo-no koochibun-to joohookoozoo (Postposing and information structure in Japanese and English). InNichieigo-no Uhooidookoobun (Rightward Movement in Japanese and English: Their Structure and Function), Ken-ichi Takami (ed.), 149–165. Tokyo: Hitsuzi.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Traugott, Elizabeth Closs & Trousdale, Graeme
    2013 Constructionalization and Constructional Changes. Oxford: OUP. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199679898.001.0001
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  26. Woolford, Ellen
    1999 Grammatical relations. InThe MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, Robert A. Wilson & Frank C. Keil (eds), 355–357. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Miura, Ayako.
    1982 [1965] Hyooten1. Tokyo: Kadokawa. (Bingjeom, trans. by Ho Choe . Seoul: Hong Shin Publishing 2017 [1992]).
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Nishi, Kanako.
    2013 [2011] Entaku. Tokyo: Bungeishunju. (Weontag, trans. by Heuiseon Im . Bucheon: Bookstory Publishing 2014).
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Sakamoto, Yuji. & Momose, Shinobu.
    2013 Saikoo-no Rikon1. Tokyo: Fusosha. (Choego eui Ihon1, trans. by Jina. Chu . Seoul: Bagha 2018).
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References

  1. Birner, Betty J. & Ward, Gregory
    1998 Information Status and Noncanonical Word Order in English [Studies in Language Companion Series 40]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/slcs.40
     https://doi.org/10.1075/slcs.40 [Google Scholar]
  2. Fujii, Seiko
    1995 Nihongo-no gojun-no gyakuten-nitsuite: Kaiwa-no naka-no nagare-o chuushinni (Word order reversal in Japanese: With special reference to a flow of conversation). InNichieigo-no Uhooidookoobun: Sono Koozoo-to Kinoo (Rightward Movement in Japanese and English: Their Structure and Function), Ken-ichi Takami (ed.), 167–198. Tokyo: Hitsuzi.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Izutsu, Katsonobu & Izutsu, Mitsuko Narita
    2013 From discourse markers to modal/final particles: What the position reveals about the continuum. InDiscourse Markers and Modal Particles: Categorization and Description [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 234], Liesbeth Degand , Bert Cornillie & Paola Pietrandrea (eds), 217–235. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/pbns.234.09izu
     https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.234.09izu [Google Scholar]
  4. Izutsu, Katsunobu , Izutsu, Mitsuko Narita & Kim, Yong-Taek
    2021 Grammatical relation sensitivity: Some different conceptions of pre/post-predicative structues. Japanese/Korean Linguistics28.  < https://web.stanford.edu/group/cslipublications/cslipublications/ja-ko-contents/JK28/poster04.pdf > (29December 2022).
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Izutsu, Mitsuko Narita & Izutsu, Katsonobu
    2014 Truncation and backshift: Two pathways to sentence-final coordinating conjunctions. Journal of Historical Pragmatics15(1): 62–92. 10.1075/jhp.15.1.04izu
     https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.15.1.04izu [Google Scholar]
  6. 2018 Cross-varietal diversity in constructional entrenchment: The final-tag construction in Irish and American English. InNew Trends in Grammaticalization and Language Change [Studies in Language Companion Series 202], Sylvie Hancil , Tine Breban & José Vicente Lozano (eds), 381–430. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/slcs.202.16izu
     https://doi.org/10.1075/slcs.202.16izu [Google Scholar]
  7. Kim, Alan Hyun-Oak
    1988 Preverbal focusing and type XXIII languages. InStudies in Syntactic Typology [Typological Studies in Language 17], Michael Hammond , Edith A. Moravcsik & Jessica Wirth (eds), 147–169. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/tsl.17.12kim
     https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.17.12kim [Google Scholar]
  8. Kim, Eunae.
    2013 Nihongo-to kankokugo-niokeru shugo-no arawarekata-nitsuite (On the occurrences of subjects in Japanese and Korean). Journal of the Faculty of Integrated Human Studies and Social Sciences, Fukuoka Prefectural University22(2): 55–62.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Kim, Taeho
    2011 An empirical study of postposing constructions in Korean. Linguistic Research28(1): 223–238. 10.17250/khisli.28.1.201104.012
     https://doi.org/10.17250/khisli.28.1.201104.012 [Google Scholar]
  10. Kirk, John M. & Kallen, Jeffrey L.
    2010 How Scottish is Irish Standard English?InNorthern Lights, Northern Words. Selected Papers from the FRLSU Conference, Kirkwall 2009, Robert McColl Millar (ed.), 178–213. Aberdeen: Forum for Research on the Languages of Scotland and Ireland.  < https://www.abdn.ac.uk/sll/documents/Kirk-and-Kallen-How-Scottish-is-Irish-Standard-English.pdf > (29December 2022).
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Kirk, John M. , Kallen, Jeffrey L. , Lowry, Orla , Rooney, Anne & Mannion, Margaret
    2011a The SPICE-Ireland Corpus: Systems of Pragmatic Annotation for the Spoken Component of ICE-Ireland. Version 1.2.2. Belfast: Queen’s University Belfast and Dublin: Trinity College Dublin.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. 2011b International Corpus of English: Ireland Component. The ICE-Ireland Corpus. Version 1.2.2. Belfast: Queen’s University BelfastandDublin: Trinity College Dublin.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Maynard, Seiko K.
    1989 Japanese Conversation: Self-contextualization through Structure and Interactional Management. Norwood NJ: Ablex.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Mihara, Ken-ichi.
    2015 Chizu seisaku keikaku-niokeru nihongo-no koochibun (A cartographic approach to right dislocation in Japan). Studies in Japanese Language and Culture25: 1–11.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Mulder, Jean & Thompson, Sandra A.
    2008 The grammaticization of but as a final particle in English conversation. InCrosslinguistic Studies of Clause Combining: The Multifunctionality of Conjunctions [Typological Studies in Language 80], Ritva Laury (ed.), 179–204. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/tsl.80.09mul
     https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.80.09mul [Google Scholar]
  16. Mulder, Jean , Thompson, Sandra A. & Penry Williams, Cara
    2009 Final but in Australian English conversation. InComparative Studies in Australian and New Zealand English: Grammar and Beyond [Varieties of English Around the World G39], Pam Peters , Peter Collins & Adam Smith (eds), 339–359. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/veaw.g39.19mul
     https://doi.org/10.1075/veaw.g39.19mul [Google Scholar]
  17. Ono, Tsuyoshi
    2006 An emotively motivated post-predicate constituent order in a ‘strict predicate final’ language: Emotion and grammar meet in Japanese everyday talk. InEmotive Communication in Japanese, Satoko Suzuki (ed.), 139–153. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/pbns.151.07ono
     https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.151.07ono [Google Scholar]
  18. Ono, Tsuyoshi & Suzuki, Ryoko
    1992 Word order variability in Japanese conversation: Motivations and grammaticization. Text12(3): 429–445. 10.1515/text.1.1992.12.3.429
     https://doi.org/10.1515/text.1.1992.12.3.429 [Google Scholar]
  19. School of Lock
    . 3June 2016  < https://www.tfm.co.jp/lock/bbb/smartphone/index.php?itemid=8134&catid=25 > (19February 2020).
  20. Shimojo, Mitsuaki
    2005 Argument Encoding in Japanese Conversation. New York NY: Palgrave Macmillan. 10.1057/9780230505384
     https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230505384 [Google Scholar]
  21. Simon, Mutsuko Endo
    1989 An Analysis of the Postposing Construction in Japanese. PhD dissertation, University of Michigan.
  22. Sohn, Sung-Ock S. & Kim, Stephanie Hyeri
    2014 The interplay of discourse and prosody at the left and right periphery in Korean: An analysis of kuntey ‘but.’InDiscourse Functions at the Left and Right Periphery: Crosslinguistic Investigations of Language Use and Language Change [Studies in Pragmatics 12], Kate Beeching & Ulrich Detges (eds), 221–249. Leiden: Brill. 10.1163/9789004274822_010
     https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004274822_010 [Google Scholar]
  23. Takami, Ken-ich
    1994 Nichiego taishookenkyuu (5): Nichieigo-no koochibun-to joohookoozoo (A contrastive study of Japanese and English: Postposing and information structure in Japanese and English). Eigo Seinen (The Rising Generation) 140(5): 230–232.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Takami, Ken-ichi
    1995 Nichieigo-no koochibun-to joohookoozoo (Postposing and information structure in Japanese and English). InNichieigo-no Uhooidookoobun (Rightward Movement in Japanese and English: Their Structure and Function), Ken-ichi Takami (ed.), 149–165. Tokyo: Hitsuzi.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Traugott, Elizabeth Closs & Trousdale, Graeme
    2013 Constructionalization and Constructional Changes. Oxford: OUP. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199679898.001.0001
     https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199679898.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  26. Woolford, Ellen
    1999 Grammatical relations. InThe MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, Robert A. Wilson & Frank C. Keil (eds), 355–357. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Miura, Ayako.
    1982 [1965] Hyooten1. Tokyo: Kadokawa. (Bingjeom, trans. by Ho Choe . Seoul: Hong Shin Publishing 2017 [1992]).
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Nishi, Kanako.
    2013 [2011] Entaku. Tokyo: Bungeishunju. (Weontag, trans. by Heuiseon Im . Bucheon: Bookstory Publishing 2014).
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Sakamoto, Yuji. & Momose, Shinobu.
    2013 Saikoo-no Rikon1. Tokyo: Fusosha. (Choego eui Ihon1, trans. by Jina. Chu . Seoul: Bagha 2018).
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Sakuragi, Shino.
    2016 [2013] Dakosuru Tsuki. Tokyo: Futabasha. (Gubichi neun Dal, trans. by Yunog Yang . Seoul: Hyeondae Munhag 2015).
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Shinkai, Makoto.
    2019 Tenki no Ko. Tokyo: Kadokawa 2019 (Nalssi eui Ai, trans. by Gyeongog. Min . Seoul: Daeweonssiai 2019).
     [Google Scholar]

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