Books

This monograph explores the syntax and information structure of bare argument ellipsis. The study concentrates on stripping, which is identified as a subtype of bare argument ellipsis typically associated with focus sensitive particles or negation. This monograph presents a unified account of stripping located at the syntax-information structure interface and argues for a licensing mechanism which is strongly tied to the focus properties of the construction. Under this view, types of bare argument ellipsis such as stripping and pseudostripping, which have received different treatments in the literature, are shown to be subject to the same licensing mechanism. This analysis is also extended to instances of bare argument ellipsis in embedded contexts, which have received little attention in the literature so far. Integrating theoretical and experimental reasoning, this study presents a series of experiments investigating the extraction, prosody and context properties of stripping and thus arrives at a comprehensive and unified account.

Basic Concepts and Models for Interpreter and Translator Training is a systematically corrected, enhanced and updated avatar of a book (1995) which is widely used in T&I training programmes worldwide and widely quoted in the international Translation Studies community. It provides readers with the conceptual bases required to understand both the principles and recurrent issues and difficulties in professional translation and interpreting, guiding them along from an introduction to fundamental communication issues in translation to a discussion of the usefulness of research about Translation, through discussions of loyalty and fidelity issues, translation and interpreting strategies and tactics and underlying norms, ad hoc knowledge acquisition, sources of errors in translation, T&I cognition and language availability. It takes on board recent developments as reflected in the literature and spells out and discusses links between practices and concepts in T&I and concepts and theories from cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics.

Dialect syntax has proven to be an invaluable data source for theoretical syntax, and theoretical syntax has provided useful analytical tools for uncovering fascinating grammatical properties of dialects. In the 1980s, the assumption that there must be more than one structural position in the left periphery of the clause was confirmed (among others) by so-called "doubly filled COMPs" in Bavarian (e.g. the co-occurrence of a wh-phrase and a complementizer), and in the 1990s, Northern Italian dialects provided the main empirical evidence for Rizzi’s extended theory of the left clausal periphery (the so-called "Split-C-hypothesis"). Among German dialects, Bavarian played a prominent role from the beginning: in addition to doubly-filled COMPs we find phenomena such as complementizer agreement, partial pro-drop, pronominal clitics, extractions from finite clauses introduced by complementizers, negative concord, parasitic gaps, or double possessors, all of which are fascinating and highly relevant for theoretical syntax. The contributions in this volume investigate and analyze a wide range of topics from Bavarian syntax with the focus on implications for general theoretical questions. This volume is of interest for any linguist interested in syntactic theory and dialect syntax.

The volume attempts to deal with equational sentences in Egyptian Colloquial Arabic and their remote structure. In this unique monograph Mohamed Sami Anwar oes to show that equational sentences in Egyptian Colloquial Arabic are derived from underlying sentences that have transitive or intransitive verbs and that the verb be in its overt form is only a tense marker. The chapter following the introduction deals with the equational sentences functioning as conveyers of stative ideas. The third chapter deals with the verb be in Egyptian Colloquial Arabic and how it functions only as a tense marker. The fourth chapter is an analysis of determination as regards the subject and why in some cases the predicate, at the surface structure, has to occur before the subject. The final chapter deals with the predicate slot and its types of fillers, and analyzes also the remote structure of the equational sentences to interpret the phenomenon of the presence and absence of agreement in number and gender between the subject and the predicate.

Becoming and Being an Applied Linguist contains narrative accounts of the lives of thirteen well-established applied linguists. Their professional autobiographies document the development of some of the key areas of applied linguistics – second, language acquisition, motivation, grammar, vocabulary, testing, second language writing, second language classroom research, practitioner research, English as a lingua franca, teacher cognition, and computer-assisted language learning. The book tells how these applied linguists grew into their areas of specialization. It will be of interest to any would-be applied linguist. The book also provides a readable overview of the whole field that will be of value to students of applied linguistics.

What do the pointing gesture, the imitation of new complex motor patterns, the evocation of absent objects and the grasping of others’ false beliefs all have in common? Apart from being (one way or other) involved in the language, they all would share a demanding requirement – a second mental centre within the subject. This redefinition of the simulationism is extended in the present book in two directions. Firstly, mirror-neurons and, likewise, animal abilities connected with the visual field of their fellows, although they certainly constitute important landmarks, would not require this second mental centre. Secondly, others’ beliefs would have given rise not only to predicative communicative function but also to pre-grammatical syntax. The inquiry about the evolutionary-historic origin of language focuses on the cognitive requirements on it as a faculty (but not to the indirect causes such as environmental changes or greater co-operation), pays attention to children, and covers other human peculiarities as well, e.g., symbolic play, protodeclaratives, self-conscious emotions, and interactional or four-hand tasks.

Der vorliegende Band, der auf ein interdisziplinäres Symposion Morphologische Probleme in den Sprachen der Ostseeanrainer im September 2005 am Alfried-Krupp-Wissenschaftskolleg Greifswald zurückgeht, enthält Beiträge von Norbert Endres (Greifswald), Frank Heidermanns (Köln), Arend Quak (Amsterdam), Klaus Dietz (Berlin), Lucia Kornexl (Greifswald), Thomas Klein (Bonn), Dieter Möhn & Ingrid Schröder (Hamburg), Steffen Krogh (Århus), Andrea de Leeuw van Weenen (Leiden), Hans Fix (Greifswald), Andreas Schabalin (Greifswald), Dominika Skrzypek (Poznan), Hans Götzsche (Aalborg), Rainer Fecht (Berlin), Jochen D. Range (Netzelkow), Riho Grünthal (Helsinki), Johanna Laakso (Wien) und Marko Pantermöller (Greifswald).

Bangla (Bengali), an Eastern Indo-Aryan Language, is the national language of Bangladesh with 150 million speakers and the state language of Paschim Banga (West Bengal) in India with 90 million speakers. There are sizeable communities of Bengalis scattered all over the world. Altogether, the number of native speakers make Bangla the fifth or sixth largest language in the world. Like Hindi and other South Asian languages, Bangla has subject-object-verb word order, postpositions, causative and compound verbs. Unlike Hindi it has no gender.

This volume presents a systematic overview of the language, from the sound system to parts of speech, syntactic categories to reduplicative features and some short text passages. The book is written in transliteration throughout to provide ease and convenience to non-Bengali as well as to Bengali linguists and students. In order to connect linguistic analysis with the living language, the book is furnished with plenty of real language examples, demonstrating the spirit, grace and wit of the Bangla language.

De Franse semioticus Algirdas Julien Greimas is ongetwijfeld een van de belangrijkste denkers in het Europese structuralisme. Zijn werk vormt dan ook de inspiratiebron voor onderzoekers uit diverse disciplines. Het Greimassiaanse model gaat er immers vanuit dat de meest uiteenlopende verschijnselen geanalyseerd kunnen worden in termen van betekenisrelaties: niet alleen verhalen en andere tekstsoorten, maar ook beeldende kunst en architectuur, gedragsvormen en emoties.Dit boek wil – voor het eerst in het Nederlands – Greimas zelf aan het woord laten. Het bevat de basisteksten van zijn semiotisch project en belangrijke toepassingen op het vlak van de literatuurstudie, de esthetica en de epistemologie van de menswetenschappen. De teksten worden toegelicht door de vertalers en zijn voorzien van een uitvoerige algemene inleiding en een geannoteerde bibliografie.

The Italian philosopher F. Rossi-Landi (1921-1985) conducted pioneering work in the philosophy of language. His research is characterised by a critique of language and ideology in relation to sign production processes and the process of social reproduction. Between Signs and Non-Signs is a collection of 14 articles by Rossi-Landi written between 1952 and 1984 and gives an overview of his contribution to the philosophy of language and his critique of Charles Morris, Wittgenstein, Bachtin, and his Italian contemporaries. It is in fact a project initiated by the author and now posthumously completed by the editor, with a complete bibliography of Rossi-Landi's extensive work. Susan Petrilli's Introduction gives a fresh view of the importance of Rossi-Landi's work to modern critical theory.

The last two decades have witnessed a remarkable growth of interest in what are variously termed discourse markers or discourse particles. The greatest area of growth has centered on particles that occur in sentence-initial or turn-initial position, and this interest intersects with a long-standing focus in Conversation Analysis on turn-taking and turn-construction. This volume brings together conversation analytic studies of turn-initial particles in interactions in fourteen languages geographically widely distributed (Europe, America, Asia and Australia). The contributions show the significance of turn-initial particles in three key areas of turn and sequence organization: (i) the management of departures from expected next actions, (ii) the projection of the speaker's epistemic stance, and (iii) the management of overall activities implemented across sequences. Taken together the papers demonstrate the crucial importance of the positioning of particles within turns and sequences for the projection and management of social actions, and for relationships between speakers.

The contribution that scholarly organizations make to the study of languages and literatures is a service to the value of systematically learning and using meaning—understanding that meaning operates in systems. Constructively speaking, these organizations support the teaching and research of our world’s experts in grammar, genre, medium, production, reception, exchange, critique, appreciation, and so on. More defensively, they are bulwarks against systems of misinformation, against the empowerment of misrepresentation and distrust between people.

The chapters in this volume range from the Old Testament to Facebook and from East Asia to West Africa via Australia, the Americas, and Europe. The scholarly strength forged across that range speaks to similar strengths that so many scholarly organizations devoted to studies in languages and literatures have cultivated and maintained—often in the face of government indifference or hostility towards the Humanities. Beyond Babel makes a powerful case for their potential.

In over 30 years of data-driven learning (DDL) research, there has been a growing sophistication in the ways we collect, analyse, and put corpus data to use. This volume takes a three-fold perspective on DDL. It first looks at DDL and its role in informing language learning theory and how it might shed light on the language development process; secondly it addresses how DDL can help us characterise learner language and inform teaching accordingly, and thirdly it showcases practical applications for the use of DDL in classrooms. The contributors to this volume examine a variety of instructional settings and languages across the world. They reflect on theoretical, methodological and classroom implications using both novel and established language learning theories, natural language processing (NLP), longitudinal research designs, and a variety of language learning targets. The present volume is an invitation from some of the leading researchers in DDL to reflect on the research avenues that will define the field in the coming years.

This book pioneers a tridimensional approach to (dis)fluency, evaluating fluency across three different dimensions, mainly speech, gesture, and interaction. Drawing from an extensive video dataset covering different languages and speech genres in French and English, the present research goes beyond traditional production-oriented models of so-called ‘disfluency’ phenomena, and aims to unravel the complexities of human multimodal production and interactive processes. Designed for linguists, communication scholars, and researchers, this work resonates with the latest trends in different fields (Second Language Acquisition, Interactional Linguistics, and Gesture studies). It introduces a fresh perspective on disfluency by integrating visual-gestural features, such as hand gestures, gaze, and facial expressions, captured in situated interaction.

This book sheds new light on the puzzle of psychological predicates in a cross-linguistic perspective by looking at them from a variety of angles at the interfaces between event structure, lexical and viewpoint aspect, syntax and information structure. The individual chapters focus on Polish and Spanish psych verbs, which manifest new overt contrasts that often remain covert in languages such as English, e.g., aspectual distinctions, the peculiarities of dative constructions, or the role of information structure in determining the word order. One of the main contributions of the book lies in positing a new typology of basic event types enriched with the initial boundary events. Moreover, due attention is devoted to dative experiencers as compared to accusative experiencers. Although couched in the generative tradition, the main insights presented in this collection are theory neutral and may be of interest to linguists of all persuasions.

Despite the fact that they are often crucial to our understanding, the vague, ineffable elements of language use and communication have received much less attention from linguists than the more concrete, effable ones. This has left a range of important questions unanswered. How might we account for the communication of non-propositional phenomena such as moods, emotions and impressions? What type of cognitive response do these phenomena trigger, if not conceptual or propositional? Do creative metaphors and unknown words in second languages and other ‘pointers’ to ‘conceptual regions’ communicate concepts learned from language alone? How might the descriptive ineffability of interjections, free indirect speech etc. be accommodated within a theory of communication? What of those working on the aesthetics of artworks, music and literature? What can evolution tell us about ineffability? The papers in this volume address these fascinating questions head-on. They represent a range of different attempts to answer them and, in so doing, allow us to pose exciting new questions. The aim, to bring the ineffable firmly within the grasp of theoretical pragmatics.

Beyond Narrative Coherence reconsiders the way we understand and work with narratives. Even though narrators tend to strive for coherence, they also add complexity, challenge canonical scripts, and survey lives by telling highly perplexing and contradictory stories. Many narratives remain incomplete, ambiguous, and contradictory. Obvious coherence cannot be the sole moral standard, the only perspective of reading, or the criterion for selecting and discarding research material. Beyond Narrative Coherence addresses the limits and aspects of narrative (dis)cohering by offering a rich theoretical and historical background to the debate. Limits of narrative coherence are discussed from the perspective of three fields of life that often threaten the coherence of narrative: illness, arts, and traumatic political experience. The authors of the book cover a wide range of disciplines such as psychology, sociology, arts studies, political science and philosophy.

This book uses Conversation Analysis methodology to analyze rhetorical and other questions that are designed to convey assertions, rather than seek new information. It shows how these question sequences unfold interactionally in naturally-occurring talk in a variety of settings, e.g., friends arguing over the phone, parents disciplining children, news interviews, and second language writing conferences. The questions are used across these widely different contexts to perform a number of related social actions such as accusations, challenges to prior turns, and complaints. Those used in institution settings, such as teacher-student conferences, orient to institutional norms and roles and can help accomplish institutional goals, e.g., eliciting student error correction. Both the interactional context in which these questions are embedded and the known epistemic authority of the questioner play a role in our understanding of these questions, i.e., what social actions the question is accomplishing in a particular interaction.

Action Research is one of the most practical and down-to-earth ways of doing research into working life. Beyond Theory draws on examples and actual cases to discuss action research within the framework of the modern, and postmodern, theory of science debate. While action research has been much criticized by the traditionalists, the book reflects a convergence between action research and positions emerging out of the critique of scientific traditionalism. Discussions between these two fields of knowledge, originally so very different, can enrich both. The book will be useful not only to researchers and academics but to anyone who is interested in the role and use of knowledge in social and organizational development.

Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary study of the human mind. As far as the exact relationship between the cognitive sciences and other fields is concerned, however, it appears that interdisciplinary exchange often remains unrealized, possibly because of the uni-directional application of theories, concepts, and methods, which impedes the productive transfer of knowledge in both directions. In the course of the ‘cognitive turn’ in the humanities and social sciences, many disciplines have selectively borrowed ideas from ‘core cognitive sciences’ like psychology and artificial intelligence. The day-to-day practice of interdisciplinarity thus thrives on one-directional borrowings. Focusing on cognitive approaches in linguistics and literary studies, this volume explores bi-directionality, a genuine transdisciplinary interchange in which both disciplines are borrowing and lending. The contributions take different perspectives on bi-directionality: some extend uni-directional borrowing practices and point to avenues and crossroads, while others critically discuss obstacles, challenges, and limitations to bi-directional transfer.

Since the publication of the still very valuable Biblioteca histórica de la filología by Cipriano Muñoz y Manzano, conde de la Viñaza, (Madrid, 1893), our knowledge of the history of the study of the Spanish language has grown considerably. It has been the purpose of BICRES I (from the beginnings to 1600), published in 1994 in the same series, to bring already available bibliographical information together with the more recent research findings, scattered in many places, books and articles and published during the past one hundred years. Now, the second volume, covering the years from 1601 to 1700, has been published, according to the same principles as the first one.

Years of work in the major librairies of Spain and other European countries have gone into this new bibliography in order to offer as exhaustive as possible a description of all Spanish grammars and dictionaries, histories of the Spanish language as well studies devoted to particular facets of its evolution in the 17th century.

BICRES II brings together in chronological order close to 1,300 titles. Access to the bibliographical information is facilitated by several detailed indexes, such as author index, short title index, index of places of production, index of printers and publishers, and a index of locations of the books described.Desde la publicación de la muy meritoria y aún hoy útil Biblioteca histórica de la filología castellana (Madrid, 1893) de Cipriano Muñoz y Manzano, conde de la Viñaza, nuestros cono-cimientos sobre la historia de la lingüística española se han ensanchado considerable-mente. Fue el propósito de BICRES I (“desde los comienzos hasta 1600”), que se publicó en 1994 en esta misma serie, sumar, a los datos bibliográficos conocidos, la información más reciente aparecida durante los últimos cien años en los más diversos lugares.

BICRES II presenta la información correspondiente a los años 1601-1700 manteniendo los mismos principios metodológicos que fueron empleados en el primer volumen.

Para terminar esta nueva bibliografía han sido necesarios años de trabajo en bibliotecas españolas y europeas. De esta manera se ha conseguido reunir la máxima cantidad disponible de datos sobre gramáticas y diccio-narios de la lengua española publicados en el siglo XVII, así como sobre historias de la lengua española y estudios dedicados a los más variados aspecto de su desarrollo.

La Bibliografía cronológica de la lingüística, la gramática y la lexicografía del español (BICRES II) ofrece, en orden cronológico, apoximadamente 1.300 títulos. Una serie de índices detallados (autores, títulos abreviados, lugares de publicación, impresores y edito-riales y, finalmente, paraderos) facilita el acceso a la infomación bibliográfica.

The Spanish humanist Antonio de Nebrija (1444-1522) is the author of an impressive body of scientific work which comprises a broad spectrum of humanistic knowledge. While the languages dealt with by Nebrija include not only Latin and Spanish, but the most prominent Romance languages, his grammatical work focuses on Latin, Castillian, Greek and even Hebrew. Moreover, his (bilingual) lexicographical studies combine Spanish, Latin, French, Catalan and Italian. In addition, there are medical dictionaries, dictionnaries of law, works on the Holy Bible, geographical research, treatises on rhethoric and history as well as on many other areas of contemporary knowledge. Most of these works have been published for allmost five centuries, thus inspiring European and missionary linguistics as well as Western philological traditions. They have served as models and sources for a great number and range of studies conducted and published not only in Spain, but nearly all over the world.

Apart from the original version of Nebrija‘s works, numerous copies, also continuously produced during the past centuries, are accessible in international libraries. Many of these copies possess a great bibliographical value.

The Bibliografía Nebrisense is a catalogue, listing the different editions of Nebrija‘s highly diversified œuvre. It provides information on the technical caracteristics of the individual editions and their respective locations. A complete bio-bibliographical study is added together with an exhaustive listing of secondary sources.El humanista español Antonio de Nebrija (1444-1522) fue autor de una ingente obra que abarcó los más variados campos de los saberes humanísticos y en la que, además, estaban implicadas no sólo latín y español, sino las principales lenguas románicas. Sus obras de tema gramatical, donde se encuentran latín, castellano, griego o hebreo; sus repertorios lexicográficos bilingües, donde se combinan español, latín, francés, catalán e italiano; sus diccionarios especializados de medicina, derecho, Sagrada Escritura o geografía, junto con sus trabajos sobre retórica, historia o tantos otros aspectos particulares que llamaron la atención del humanista han sobrevivido hasta nuestros días y durante más de cinco siglos han ejercido una influencia enorme en toda la lingüística y la tradición filológica occidental: sirvieron de modelo o de fuente para multitud de trabajos posteriores, no sólo en España.

Las obras de Nebrija, en fin, fueron ininterrumpidamente editadas y ejemplares de todas ellas, a veces de valor incalculable desde el punto de vista bibliográfico, andan repartidos por bibliotecas de todo el mundo.

La Bibliografía Nebrisense es un catálogo que reúne y describe estas ediciones, informando de sus características y paradero. Se añade, además, un completo estudio bio-bibliográfico y una relación exhaustiva de fuentes secundarias.

Since the publication of the still very valuable Biblioteca histórica de la filología by Cipriano Muñoz y Manzano, conde de la Viñaza (Madrid, 1893), our knowledge of the history of the study of the Spanish language has grown considerably. It has been the purpose of BICRES I (from the early beginnings to 1600), published in 1994, to bring together already available bibliographical information with the more recent research findings, scattered in many places, books and articles. BICRES II (covering the 1601–1700 period) followed in 1999 and BICRES III (including period 1701-1800) was published in 2005.

Now, the fourth volume, arranged according to the same principles as those guiding the preceding volumes and covering the years from 1801 to 1860, has become available.

Years of research in the major libraries of Spain and other European countries have gone into this new bibliography and relative sources of the Americas have also been covered, in order to offer — in an as exhaustive as possible fashion — a description of all Spanish grammars and dictionaries, histories of the Spanish language as well as studies devoted to particular facets of its evolution during the years 1801-1860.

BICRES IV brings together in chronological order more than 3,279 titles. Access to the bibliographical information is facilitated by several detailed indexes, such as a short title index, a listing of printers, publishers and places of production, and an author index.

This bibliography aims serve the demands and wishes of students of Old Frisian for its own sake as well as for those who want to use Old Frisian for comparative purposes. Although it concentrates on language and literature, titles have also been included which deal with more or less peripheral matters such as Ingvaeonic, history, legal history and daily life in Medieval Frisia.The bibliography is divided into three parts. Part I lists in alphabetical order all the books and articles. Part II alphabetically indexes the reviewers occurring in Part I. Part III contains an analytical index to Part I, enabling scholars to survey what work has been done on a particular subject.