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Arabic is a language of substantial cultural and religious importance. It is spoken by about 300 million people predominantly in the 22 countries of the Arab world as well as in several other regions where the Arab diaspora has settled. Arabic is also the language of Islam and underpins the religious practice of about 1.5 billion Muslims worldwide.

In view of the above the authors thought it important to create an easily accessible handbook for interpreters translators educators and other practitioners working between Arabic and English in healthcare settings. Introduction to Healthcare for Arabic-speaking Interpreters and Translators follows the seminal publication Introduction to Healthcare for Interpreters and Translators (Crezee 2013) and has been supplemented with Arabic glossaries and comments about health communication between Anglophones and Arabic speakers. This practical resource book will help inform interpreters and translators about healthcare settings anatomy physiology medical terminology and frequently encountered conditions diagnostic tests and treatment options.

Arabic is divided into two categories: formal (Classical Standard or literary) Arabic and local dialects (colloquial Arabic). Formal Arabic is the official language of all Arab countries. In each of these there are regional dialects which color formal Arabic and add character to a poetic and expressive language. Poetic nature is found in many daily expressions and not only in Arabic literature for example “Good morning” in Arabic is “Ssabah al khair” which in essence wishes others a morning of goodness; and the pan-Arab greeting “Salam Alaykum” which literally means “may peace be upon you”. Dialects once existed principally in spoken form but these days they are increasingly used in writing in social media and its paraphernalia (mobile phones tablets etc.). In this book formal Arabic is used in the glossaries simply because it is the recognized language of literacy across the Arabic-speaking world.

Inquires in Hispanic Linguistics: From Theory to Empirical Evidence showcases eighteen chapters from formal and empirical approaches related to Spanish syntax and semantics phonetics and phonology and language contact and variation. Drawing on data from a number of monolingual and contact Spanish varieties this volume represents the most current themes and methods in the field of Hispanic linguistics. The book brings together both established and emerging scholars and readers will appreciate the variety of theoretical approaches ranging from generative to variationist perspectives. The book is geared towards researchers and students in Spanish and Romance linguistics. Given its scope and quality this volume is also well-suited for graduate courses in Spanish morphosyntax phonetics sociolinguistics and language contact and change.

Linguistic research and language teaching have generally been viewed as two separate types of academic endeavor. While linguists have been preoccupied with pattern finding and theory building language teachers often encounter issues that are not readily addressed by theoretical linguistic research. This collection with eleven papers touching upon a wide range of issues stands out as one of the rare concerted efforts toward a meaningful integration of the two endeavors. Subject matters include tone stress word structure grammatical categories (e.g. classifiers) syntactic structures (including argument structure) discourse particles implicit and explicit knowledge conversational repair and learner corpus. With a diverse range of theoretical orientations this collection serves to showcase some of the productive ways to create synergy between Chinese linguistic research and language education. <br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>

This book deals with how to ask questions in the languages of China. The syntactic morphological and lexical forms for distinguishing interrogatives take centre stage; intonation is also dealt with but more peripherally than question particles disjunctive and negative constructions and word order. 140 languages spoken in China are covered coming from four major families: Sino-Tibetan Altaic Austronesian and Austro-Asiatic accompanied by a few mixed languages. The approach is areal-typological i.e. these focal languages are compared to the languages of the world as represented in typological samples and within China areal patterns of the structural variables are examined.<br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>The book will be an indispensable reference for future work on interrogatives in a typological context and for areal studies of the language situation in China and more generally East Asia.<br/> <br/>

This book deals with sentential proforms and their relationship to their associated clauses. Sentential proforms are highly interesting from the point of view of grammatical theory since their occurrence is determined not only by syntax but also by prosody and semantics. The present volume contributes to a better understanding of the interfaces between these different levels. By providing syntactic prosodic semantic psycholinguistic and corpus-based support this book underpins the claim that there exist different sentential proform types in German and Dutch that these proform types correlate with different verb classes and that their associated related clauses are located in different syntactic positions. The present volume also looks at a Hungarian sentential proform construction which is similar to the German(ic) structure but at the same time is different in its licensing conditions.

<i>Intonational Grammar in Ibero-Romance: Approaches across linguistic subfields</i> is a volume of empirical research papers incorporating recent theoretical methodological and interdisciplinary advances in the field of intonation as they relate to the Ibero-Romance languages. The volume brings together leading experts in Catalan Portuguese and Spanish as well as in the intonation of Spanish in contact situations. The common thread is that each paper examines a specific topic related to the intonation of at least one Ibero-Romance language framing the analysis in an experimental setting. The novel findings of each chapter hinge on critical connections that are made between the study of intonation and its related fields of linguistic inquiry including syntax pragmatics sociophonetics language acquisition and special populations. In this sense the volume expands the traditional scope of Ibero-Romance intonation including in it work on signed languages (LSC) individuals with autism spectrum disorder and individuals with Williams Syndrome. This volume establishes the precedent for researchers and advanced students who wish to explore the complexities of Ibero-Romance intonation. It also serves as a showcase of the most up-to-date methodologies in intonational research.

Isn’t translation all about saying exactly the same thing in another language? Aren’t national images totally outdated in this era of globalization? Most people might agree but this book amply illustrates how persistent and multifaceted clichés on translation and nation can be. Time and again translating involves making transfer choices and these choices are never neutral. Though globalization has seemingly all but erased national ideologies and cultural borders such ideologies and borders continue to play a determining role in conflicts identity politics and cultural profiles.<br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>The place where transfer choices and forms of national and cultural representation come together is also the place where Translation Studies and Imagology meet. This book offers a wealth of chapters showing how decisive selection and transfer processes can be in representing national images both self-images and images of the other(s). It shows also how intensely the two disciplines can work together and mutually benefit from shared data and methodologies.

Implicit learning is a fundamental feature of human cognition. Many essential skills including language comprehension and production intuitive decision making and social interaction are largely dependent on implicit (unconscious) knowledge. Given its relevance it is not surprising that the study of implicit learning plays a central role in the cognitive sciences. The present volume brings together eminent researchers from a variety of fields (e.g. cognitive psychology linguistics education cognitive neuroscience developmental psychology) in order to assess the progress made in the study of implicit and explicit learning to critically evaluate key concepts and methodologies and to determine future directions to take in this interdisciplinary enterprise. The eighteen chapters in this volume are written in an accessible and engaging fashion; together they provide the reader with a comprehensive snapshot of the exciting current work on the implicit and explicit learning of languages.

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Im/politeness brings together the work of linguists psychologists neuroscientists and second language experts in order to provide readers with a snapshot of the possibilities for studying im/politeness in the 21st century. The volume is organized along methodological lines in three parts each preceded by a brief introduction outlining the evolution and advantages and disadvantages of the relevant methodologies while a specially commissioned epilogue places the volume in the field as a whole. Part I is dedicated to self-reporting studies Part II covers observational studies and Part III introduces experimental studies. A central goal of the present collection is to make a case for the relevance of all these types of data and of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to the ongoing theoretical debates in the field of im/politeness.

This book is based on the very popular international publication (Crezee 2013) and has been supplemented with Spanish glossaries. Just like the 2013 textbook this practical resource will allow interpreters and translators to quickly read up on healthcare settings familiarizing themselves with anatomy physiology medical terminology and frequently encountered conditions diagnostic tests and treatment options.<br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>It is an exceptionally useful and easily accessible handbook in particular for interpreters translators educators and other practitioners working between Spanish and English. A special chapter on the US insurance system adds even more value for those in the US.<br/>The extensive English-Spanish glossaries will be very useful to Spanish speaking practitioners and may also be beneficial to those working with other Romance languages as the Spanish terms may serve as a trigger to help identify cognates. Where terms are most commonly used in a particular part of the Spanish speaking world an abbreviation has been added to indicate which country it may be found in. This helps ensure that terms reflect usage in different parts of the Americas and also in Spain.