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41 - 60 of 238 results
Subject
- Theoretical linguistics [79] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-theor
- Pragmatics [62] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-prag
- Syntax [59] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-syntax
- Discourse studies [51] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-disc
- Semantics [48] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-seman
- Cognition and language [42] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cogn
- Sociolinguistics and Dialectology [25] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-socio
- Generative linguistics [23] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-gener
- Morphology [23] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-morph
- Bilingualism [20] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-bil
- Cognitive linguistics [19] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cogpsy
- English linguistics [18] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-eng
- Communication Studies [17] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/comm-cgen
- Historical linguistics [17] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-hl
- Philosophy [16] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-gen
- Germanic linguistics [15] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-germ
- Language acquisition [15] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-la
- Applied linguistics [14] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-appl
- Consciousness research [12] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/cons-gen
- Typology [12] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-typ
- Translation studies [12] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/tran-transl
- Theoretical literature & literary studies [11] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-theor
- Cognitive psychology [11] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-cogpsy
- Corpus linguistics [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-corp
- Language teaching [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-educ
- History of linguistics [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-hol
- Romance linguistics [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-rom
- Language policy [7] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-lapo
- Romance literature & literary studies [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-rom
- Contact Linguistics [5] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cont
- Functional linguistics [5] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-funct
- Psycholinguistics [5] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-psylin
- Anthropological Linguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-anthr
- Computational & corpus linguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-comput
- Gesture Studies [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-gest
- Japanese linguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-japanese
- Natural language processing [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-nlp
- Medieval philosophy [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-med
- Neuropsychology [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-neuro
- Lexicography [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/term-lex
- Creole studies [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-creo
- Evolution of language [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-evo
- Other Indo-European languages [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-othie
- Semiotics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sem
- English literature & literary studies [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-engl
- Semiotics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-sem
- General studies in art & art history [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/art-gen
- Interaction Studies [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/is-gis
- Comparative linguistics [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-comp
- Language documentation [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-landoc
- Comparative literature & literary studies [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-comp
- Sociology [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/soc-gen
- Terminology [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/term-term
- Dictionaries [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/art-dict
- Afro-Asiatic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-afas
- Altaic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-alta
- Austronesian languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-ausnes
- Basque linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-basque
- Celtic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-celt
- Forensic linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-for
- Linguistics of isolated languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-isol
- Sino-Tibetan languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sitib
- Slavic linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-slav
- Languages of South America [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-soam
- Writing and literacy [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-writ
- German literature & literary studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-germli
- Medieval literature & literary studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-med
- Other literatures [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-othlit
- Miscellaneous [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/misc-gen
- Industrial & organizational studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/misc-indroc
- Classical philosophy [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-class
- Semiotics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-sem
- Industrial & organizational studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-indroc
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- 2024 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2024
- 2023 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2023
- 2022 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2022
- 2021 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2021
- 2020 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2020
- 2019 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2019
- 2018 [5] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2018
- 2017 [10] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2017
- 2016 [12] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2016
- 2015 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2015
- 2014 [11] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2014
- 2013 [11] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2013
- 2012 [13] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2012
- 2011 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2011
- 2010 [9] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2010
- 2009 [12] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2009
- 2008 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2008
- 2007 [9] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2007
- 2006 [5] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2006
- 2005 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2005
- 2004 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2004
- 2003 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2003
- 2002 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2002
- 2001 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2001
- 2000 [6] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2000
- 1999 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1999
- 1998 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1998
- 1997 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1997
- 1996 [2] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1996
- 1995 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1995
- 1993 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1993
- 1992 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1992
- 1991 [5] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1991
- 1990 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1990
- 1989 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1989
- 1988 [2] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1988
- 1987 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1987
- 1986 [2] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1986
- 1985 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1985
- 1984 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1984
- 1983 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1983
- 1982 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1982
- 1981 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1981
- 1980 [2] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1980
- 1967 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1967
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Meaning Predictability in Word Formation
Author(s): Pavol ŠtekauerPublication Date March 2005More LessThis book aims to contribute to a growing interest amongst psycholinguists and morphologists in the mechanisms of meaning predictability. It presents a brand-new model of the meaning-prediction of novel, context-free naming units, relating the wordformation and wordinterpretation processes. Unlike previous studies, mostly focussed on N+N compounds, the scope of this book is much wider. It not only covers all types of complex words, but also discusses a whole range of predictability-boosting and -reducing conditions. Two measures are introduced, the Predictability Rate and the Objectified Predictability Rate, in order to compare the strength of predictable readings both within a word and relative to the most predictable readings of other coinages. Four extensive experiments indicate inter alia the equal predicting capacity of native and non-native speakers, the close interconnection between linguistic and extra-linguistic factors, the important role of prototypical semes, and the usual dominance of a single central reading.
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Meaning Through Language Contrast
Editor(s): Katarzyna M. Jaszczolt and Ken TurnerPublication Date March 2003More LessThese volumes contain selected papers from the Second International Conference on Contrastive Semantics and Pragmatics that was held at Newnham College, University of Cambridge, in September 2000. They include papers on negation, temporality, modality, evidentiality, eventualities, grammar and conceptualization, grammaticalization, metaphor, cross-cultural pragmatics and speech acts and the semantics-pragmatics boundary. There are contributions by, amongst many others, Les Bruce, Ilinca Crainiceanu, Thorstein Fretheim, Saeko Fukushima, Ronald Geluykens, Javier Gutiérrez-Rexach, Klaus von Heusinger, K. M. Jaszczolt, Susumu Kubo, Akiko Kurosawa, Eva Lavric, Didier Maillat, Márta Maleczki, Steve Nicolle, Sergei Tatevosov, L. M. Tovena, Jacqueline Visconti and Krista Vogelberg.
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Meaning Through Language Contrast
Editor(s): Katarzyna M. Jaszczolt and Ken TurnerPublication Date March 2003More LessThese volumes contain selected papers from the Second International Conference on Contrastive Semantics and Pragmatics that was held at Newnham College, University of Cambridge, in September 2000. They include papers on negation, temporality, modality, evidentiality, eventualities, grammar and conceptualization, grammaticalization, metaphor, cross-cultural pragmatics and speech acts and the semantics-pragmatics boundary. There are contributions by, amongst many others, Les Bruce, Ilinca Crainiceanu, Thorstein Fretheim, Saeko Fukushima, Ronald Geluykens, Javier Gutiérrez-Rexach, Klaus von Heusinger, K. M. Jaszczolt, Susumu Kubo, Akiko Kurosawa, Eva Lavric, Didier Maillat, Márta Maleczki, Steve Nicolle, Sergei Tatevosov, L. M. Tovena, Jacqueline Visconti and Krista Vogelberg.
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Meaningful Language Test Scores
Editor(s): Spiros Papageorgiou and Venessa F. MannaPublication Date June 2023More LessResearch on how stakeholders interpret language test scores and how they make decisions about language proficiency is critical because score-based decisions can be extremely consequential for test takers, score users, such as educational institutions and employers, and the society overall. This edited volume is intended as a primary resource for language assessment researchers, developers, and policy makers interested in efficiently communicating score information related to language proficiency. Its nine chapters report on complicated, often behind-the-scenes research efforts to enhance the interpretation of English language test scores developed by ETS, by employing diverse methodologies such as vertical linking, score mapping, standard setting, scale anchoring, and score concordance. In a post-pandemic era full of challenges and change in the field of language assessment, this volume highlights the ethical responsibility of test providers to engage in sometimes challenging research and development efforts to better serve score users.
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Measuring Native-Speaker Vocabulary Size
Author(s): I.S.P. Nation and Averil CoxheadPublication Date February 2021More LessEstimating native-speaker vocabulary size is important for guiding interventions to support native-speaker vocabulary growth and for setting goals for learners of English as a foreign language. Unfortunately, the measurement of native-speaker vocabulary size has been one of the most methodologically contentious areas of research in applied linguistics, with estimates of adults’ vocabulary size ranging from 12,000 words to well over 200,000 words. This book reviews over one hundred years of research, critically examining the methodological issues and findings at each age level from young children to adults, and suggesting solutions. It presents a model organising the factors involved in vocabulary growth and is rich in well-researched suggestions for supporting native-speaker vocabulary learning. It concludes with topics for further research. The research shows that we now have a more stable and coherent picture of what and how much vocabulary native-speakers know, and how this knowledge grows throughout their lives.
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Media Intertextualities
Editor(s): Mie HiramotoPublication Date May 2012More LessThis collection of critical essays, originally published in Pragmatics and Society 1:2 (2010), discusses how normative biases that shape our relation to the world are constructed through discursive practice in media discourse. The intertextual perspective it adopts is crucial for our understanding of how media representations of speakers and languages shape many of our preconceptions of others. Mediatization is inherently intertextual; the very nature of this process involves extracting the speech behavior of particular speakers or groups from a highly specific context and refracting and reshaping it to be inserted in another stream of representation. The notion of intertextuality becomes a useful concept for the linguistic anthropological study of media discourse in the context of modernity, as it provides us with a tool for exploring the semiotic processes that underlie the way in which the media negotiate and reinscribe the complex relationships of identity that characterize late modern subjecthood.
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Mediating Criticism
Author(s): Roger D. SellPublication Date December 2001More LessIn the twentieth century, literature was under threat. Not only was there the challenge of new forms of oral and visual culture. Even literary education and literary criticism could sometimes actually distance novels, poems and plays from their potential audience. This is the trend which Roger D. Sell now seeks to reverse. Arguing that literature can still be a significant and democratic channel of human interactivity, he sees the most helpful role of teachers and critics as one of mediation. Through their own example they can encourage readers to empathize with otherness, to recognize the historical achievement of significant acts of writing, and to respond to literary authors’ own faith in communication itself. By way of illustration, he offers major re-assessments of five canonical figures (Vaughan, Fielding, Dickens, T.S. Eliot, and Frost), and of two fascinating twentieth-century writers who were somewhat misunderstood (the novelist William Gerhardie and the poet Andrew Young).
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Mediating Discourse Online
Editor(s): Sally Magnan PiercePublication Date May 2008More LessInformation and communication technology is transforming our notion of literacy. In the study of second language learning, there is an acute need to understand how learners collaborate in mediating discourse online. This edited volume offers essays and research studies that lead us to question the borders between speech and writing, to redefine narrative, to speculate on the consequences of many-to-many communication, and to ponder the ethics of researching online interaction. Using diverse technologies (bulletin boards, course management systems, chats, instant messaging, online gaming) and situated in different cultural environments, the studies explore intercultural notions of identity, voice, and collaboration. Although the studies come from varying theoretical perspectives, they point, as a whole, to insights to be gained from an ecological approach to studying how people make discourse online. The volume will especially benefit researchers in the digital arena and instructors who must consider how online interaction affects language learning and use.
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Mediating Ideology in Text and Image
Editor(s): Inger Lassen, Jeanne Strunck and Torben VestergaardPublication Date March 2006More LessWhile ideology has been treated widely in CDA-literature, the role played by the interaction of text and image in multiplying meaning and furthering ideological stances has not so far received a lot of attention. Mediating Ideology in Text and Image offers a number of approaches to such analysis, offering students and academics valuable tools for identifying possible discrepancies between the world and the way it is represented through various mediational means. The authors’ common aim is one of assisting the audience in reading between the lines, thus offering a variety of approaches that may contribute to a better understanding of how ideologies possibly work and how they may be denaturalised from text and image. The articles in part I look at rhetorical strategies used in meaning construction processes unfolding in various kinds of mass media. Part II focuses on the re-semiotization of meaning and looks at how analysing the combination of text and image may contribute to a better understanding of ideological processes brought about by multimodal resources. Foreword by Ruth Wodak.
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Medieval Mereology
Author(s): Desmond Paul HenryPublication Date January 1991More LessMereology is the theory which deals with parts and wholes in the concrete sense, and this study follows its varied fortunes during the Middle Ages. Preliminary indications as to its metaphysical situation are followed by a brief sketch of Boethius' contribution. Peter Abelard, Gilbert of Poitiers, Clarembald of Arras, and Joscelin of Soissons are among the twelfth-century authors examined. The effect of the subsequent recovery of Aristotle's Metaphysica on Mereology is typified by sketches of the many and varied uses made of the latter by Aquinas. A brief sample of Buridanian treatment is followed by an account of those applications made under the umbrella of thirteenth-century comment on Aristotle's De Sophisticis Elenchis. The curiously original theories of Wyclif are brought to light, as also also samples from Walter Bruleigh, Nicholas of Paris, William of Ockham, and Paul of Venice. Readers interested in such subjects as logic, metaphysics, philosophy, theology, linguistics, pyschology, and their history, will find the work relevant to their studies. No logical symbolism is used in the main body of the book, but some contemporary background is appended so that those who wish to do so may follow it up.
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Meister Eckhart
Author(s): Burkhard MojsischPublication Date September 2001More LessThe thought of Meister Eckhart — the Dominican theologian, the preacher, the master of language, the mystic — exudes a remarkable fascination on the modern mind, not the least due to its characteristic interplay of scholastic-academic and vernacular terminology. This volume presents the only book-length study in English of Meister Eckhart the philosopher within the tradition in which his thought is embedded and from which it draws its authority. It shows that even as Eckhart may be justly regarded as a medieval precursor of a modern philosophy of subjectivity, the novelty and continuity of his thought can only be understood in its relation to that of Albert the Great, Aristotle, Dionysius Pseudo-Areopagita, the Liber de causis and the Neoplatonic heritage, Theodoric of Freiberg and Thomas Aquinas as well as Eckhart of Gründig, Jakob of Metz and Johannes Picardi of Lichtenberg. At its center lies the return of the soul, through its detachment from everything corporeal, manifold and temporal, into its ground or spark — into that “something” in the soul where, according to Eckhart, “the ground of God is my ground and my ground is God’s ground”. The present translation not only revises the German-language original to take account of recent debates in Eckhart-scholarship, it moreover makes accessible to the non-specialist all Latin and Middle High German material, much of it previously not available in any translation at all. Meister Eckhart: Dominikanischer Theologe, Prediger, Sprachgenie, Mystiker — sein Denken fasziniert den modernen Menschen nicht zuletzt wegen der einprägsamen Wechselwirkung von scholastisch-akademischer Terminologie und deutscher Mundart. Der vorliegende Band ist die einzige englischsprachige Monographie über Meister Eckhart als Philosophen, die ihn im Zusammenhang der ihn maîgeblich bedingenden philosophischen Tradition interpretiert. Auch wenn Eckhart zurecht als Vordenker der modernen Subjektivität gilt, kann man ihn nur im bezug auf Albert den Groîen, Aristoteles, Dionysius Pseudo-Areopagita, den Liber de causis und die neuplatonische Tradition, Dietrich von Freiberg und Thomas von Aquin sowie Eckhart von Gründig, Jakob von Metz und Johannes Picardi von Lichtenberg adäquat verstehen. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Studie steht die Rückkehr der Seele — durch ihre Abgeschiedenheit vom Körperlichen, vom Mannigfaltigen und vom Zeitlichen — in ihren Grund bzw. in den Funken der Seele, wo nach Eckhart “gotes grunt mîn grunt und mîn grunt gotes grunt” ist. Der vorliegende Band revidiert nicht nur die deutschsprachige Original-Studie im Hinblick auf Debatten in der neueren Eckhart-Forschung: Auch dem Nicht-Spezialisten werden sämtliche lateinische und mittelhochdeutsche Quellen durch die Übersetzung ins Englische zugänglich gemacht.
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Melanesian Pidgin and Tok Pisin
Editor(s): John W.M. Verhaar, S.J.Publication Date January 1990More LessThe First International Conference on Pidgins and Creoles in Melanesia was planned mainly for Tok Pisin, but no predetermined theme(s) had been proposed to the participants. Nevertheless, in this collection of papers several principal themes stand out.One is that of a revived interest in substratology, both for Tok Pisin and for Bislama. Another is what in fact amounts to a change in perspective from universalism, as supposedly competitive with the substratological orientation, towards a generalist approach to typology, which reduces the apparent polarity, from a theoretical point of view. A third is the pervasive interest of contributors in wider language issues in the social and political life of Papua New Guinea.These interests go back to the linguistic and social experience of the participants, most of whom have a long record of living among the people whose languages they have studied on a day-to-day basis, and to the relative remoteness of their inspiration from the more theoretical and perhaps ultimately untestable issues which surround the universalist approach and its claims for a bioprogram foundation for language.
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Memes of Translation
Author(s): Andrew ChestermanPublication Date February 2016More LessThis revised edition of Memes of Translation includes updates that relate the book's themes to more recent research in Translation Studies. The book contributes to the debate about whether it is worth seeking a coherent theory of translation, by proposing an approach based on norms, strategies and values, which are all seen as kinds of memes, i.e. ideas that spread. The meme metaphor allows us to see translation in the context of cultural evolution, and also highlights similarities with the philosopher Karl Popper's analysis of another kind of evolution: that of scientific knowledge. A translation is, after all, itself a theory – a theory about the source text. And as Popper stressed, theories of all kinds are like nets we make in order to catch something of reality: never perfectly, but always in the hope of better understanding.
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Memes of Translation
Author(s): Andrew ChestermanPublication Date June 1997More LessMemes of Translation is a search for coherence in translation theory based on the notion of Memes: ideas that spread, develop and replicate, like genes. The author explores a wide range of ideas on translation, mapping the “meme pool” of translation theory with chapters on translation history, norms, strategies, assessment, ethics, and translator training. The aim of the book is to search for a perspective from which the immense variety of ideas about translation can be related.
The unifying thread is the philosophy of Karl Popper. The book proposes the beginnings of a Popperian theory of translation, based on the fundamental concepts of norms, strategies, and values. A key idea is that a translation itself is a theory or hypothesis concerning the source text. This hypothesis is then subjected to testing, refinement, and perhaps even rejection, just like any other hypothesis.
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Memory and Understanding
Author(s): Renate BartschPublication Date May 2005More LessThis book treats memory and understanding on two levels, on the phenomenological level of experience, on which a theory of dynamic conceptual semantics is built, and on the neuro-connectionist level, which supports the capacities of concept formation, remembering, and understanding. A neuro-connectionist circuit architecture of a constructive memory is developed in which understanding and remembering are modelled in accordance with the constituent structures of a dynamic conceptual semantics. Consciousness emerges by circuit activation between conceptual indicators and episodic indices with the sensory-motor, emotional, and proprioceptual areas.
This theory of concept formation, remembering, and understanding is applied to Proust’s A la recherche du temps perdu , with special attention to the author’s excursions into philosophical and aesthetic issues. Under this perspective, Proust’s work can be seen as an artistic exploration into our capacity of understanding, whereby the unconscious, the memory, is exteriorized in consciousness by presenting the experienced episodes in the conceptual order of similarity and contiguity through our capacity of concept formation. (Series A)
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Memory, Psychology and Second Language Learning
Author(s): Mick RandallPublication Date August 2007More LessThis book explores the contributions that cognitive linguistics and psychology, including neuropsychology, have made to the understanding of the way that second languages are processed and learnt. It examines areas of phonology, word recognition and semantics, examining ‘bottom-up’ decoding processes as compared with ‘top-down’ processes as they affect memory. It also discusses second language learning from the acquisition/learning and nativist/connectionist perspectives. These ideas are then related to the methods that are used to teach second languages, primarily English, in formal classroom situations. This examination involves both ‘mainstream’ communicative approaches, and more traditional methods widely used to teach EFL throughout the world. The book is intended to act both as a textbook for students who are studying second language teaching and as an exploration of issues for the interested teacher who would like to further extend their understanding of the cognitive processes underlying their teaching.Mick Randall is currently Senior Lecturer in TESOL and Head of the Institute of Education at the British University in Dubai. He has taught courses in second language learning and teaching, applied linguistics and psychology in a number of different contexts. He has a special interest in the cognitive processing of language and in the psycholinguistics of word recognition, spelling and reading.
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Memory-Based Parsing
Author(s): Sandra KüblerPublication Date October 2004More LessMemory-Based Learning (MBL), one of the most influential machine learning paradigms, has been applied with great success to a variety of NLP tasks. This monograph describes the application of MBL to robust parsing. Robust parsing using MBL can provide added functionality for key NLP applications, such as Information Retrieval, Information Extraction, and Question Answering, by facilitating more complex syntactic analysis than is currently available. The text presupposes no prior knowledge of MBL. It provides a comprehensive introduction to the framework and goes on to describe and compare applications of MBL to parsing. Since parsing is not easily characterizable as a classification task, adaptations of standard MBL are necessary. These adaptations can either take the form of a cascade of local classifiers or of a holistic approach for selecting a complete tree.The text provides excellent course material on MBL. It is equally relevant for any researcher concerned with symbolic machine learning, Information Retrieval, Information Extraction, and Question Answering.
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Mental Models across Languages
Author(s): Pawel SickingerPublication Date December 2018More LessThis book presents a study that triangulates the meanings of expressions across English, German and Japanese via their perception-based conceptual representations. In an online experiment, native speakers of the three languages were asked to design visual representations of expressions referring to baldness phenomena. These sets of visualizations are used to determine conceptual overlap or distance between expressions in the three languages, resulting in lexical-conceptual 'maps' for MALE BALDNESS. The study is discussed against the background of an embodied, perceptual symbol-based understanding of linguistic meaning. A section of the book further applies this perspective to the issue of translation, developing a process model of translation based on the concept of cognitive equivalence.
The book presents a novel approach to lexical semantics from a cognitive linguistic perspective, tested through a methodologically innovative experiment. It is a compelling read to scholars in cognitive semantics, contrastive semantics, embodied cognition and cognitive translation studies.
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Mental Spaces in Discourse and Interaction
Editor(s): Todd Oakley and Anders HougaardPublication Date March 2008More LessThe cognitive theory of mental spaces and conceptual integration (MSCI) is a twenty-year-old, cross-disciplinary enterprise that presently unfolds in academic circles on many levels of reflection and research. One important area of inquiry where MSCI can be of immediate use is in the pragmatics of written and spoken discourse and interaction. At the same time, empirical insights from the fields of interaction and discourse provide a necessary fundament for the development of the cognitive theories of discourse. This collection of seven chapters and three commentaries aims at evaluating and developing MSCI as a theory of meaning construction in discourse and interaction. MSCI will benefit greatly not only from empirical support but also from clearer refinement of its methodology and philosophical foundations. This volume presents the latest work on discourse and interaction from a mental spaces perspective, surely to be of interest to a broad range of researchers in discourse analysis.
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Mental States
Editor(s): Andrea C. Schalley and Drew KhlentzosPublication Date December 2007More LessThe contributions to this volume focus on what language and language use reveals about cognitive structure and underlying cognitive categories. Wide-ranging and thought-provoking essays from linguists and psychologists within this volume investigate the insights conceptual categorization can give into the organization and structure of the mind and specific mental states. Topics and linguistic phenomena discussed include narratives and story telling, language development, figurative language, linguistic categorization, linguistic relativity, and the linguistic coding of mental states such as perceptions and beliefs. With contributions at the forefront of current debate, this book will appeal to anyone with an interest in language and the cognitive structures that support it.
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