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1 - 50 of 238 results
Subject
- Theoretical linguistics [79] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-theor
- Pragmatics [62] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-prag
- Syntax [59] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-syntax
- Discourse studies [51] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-disc
- Semantics [48] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-seman
- Cognition and language [42] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cogn
- Sociolinguistics and Dialectology [25] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-socio
- Generative linguistics [23] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-gener
- Morphology [23] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-morph
- Bilingualism [20] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-bil
- Cognitive linguistics [19] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cogpsy
- English linguistics [18] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-eng
- Communication Studies [17] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/comm-cgen
- Historical linguistics [17] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-hl
- Philosophy [16] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-gen
- Germanic linguistics [15] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-germ
- Language acquisition [15] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-la
- Applied linguistics [14] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-appl
- Consciousness research [12] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/cons-gen
- Typology [12] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-typ
- Translation studies [12] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/tran-transl
- Theoretical literature & literary studies [11] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-theor
- Cognitive psychology [11] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-cogpsy
- Corpus linguistics [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-corp
- Language teaching [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-educ
- History of linguistics [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-hol
- Romance linguistics [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-rom
- Language policy [7] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-lapo
- Romance literature & literary studies [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-rom
- Contact Linguistics [5] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cont
- Functional linguistics [5] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-funct
- Psycholinguistics [5] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-psylin
- Anthropological Linguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-anthr
- Computational & corpus linguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-comput
- Gesture Studies [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-gest
- Japanese linguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-japanese
- Natural language processing [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-nlp
- Medieval philosophy [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-med
- Neuropsychology [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-neuro
- Lexicography [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/term-lex
- Creole studies [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-creo
- Evolution of language [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-evo
- Other Indo-European languages [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-othie
- Semiotics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sem
- English literature & literary studies [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-engl
- Semiotics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-sem
- General studies in art & art history [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/art-gen
- Interaction Studies [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/is-gis
- Comparative linguistics [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-comp
- Language documentation [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-landoc
- Comparative literature & literary studies [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-comp
- Sociology [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/soc-gen
- Terminology [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/term-term
- Dictionaries [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/art-dict
- Afro-Asiatic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-afas
- Altaic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-alta
- Austronesian languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-ausnes
- Basque linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-basque
- Celtic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-celt
- Forensic linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-for
- Linguistics of isolated languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-isol
- Sino-Tibetan languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sitib
- Slavic linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-slav
- Languages of South America [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-soam
- Writing and literacy [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-writ
- German literature & literary studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-germli
- Medieval literature & literary studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-med
- Other literatures [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-othlit
- Miscellaneous [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/misc-gen
- Industrial & organizational studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/misc-indroc
- Classical philosophy [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-class
- Semiotics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-sem
- Industrial & organizational studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-indroc
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- 2024 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2024
- 2023 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2023
- 2022 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2022
- 2021 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2021
- 2020 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2020
- 2019 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2019
- 2018 [5] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2018
- 2017 [10] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2017
- 2016 [12] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2016
- 2015 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2015
- 2014 [11] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2014
- 2013 [11] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2013
- 2012 [13] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2012
- 2011 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2011
- 2010 [9] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2010
- 2009 [12] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2009
- 2008 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2008
- 2007 [9] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2007
- 2006 [5] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2006
- 2005 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2005
- 2004 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2004
- 2003 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2003
- 2002 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2002
- 2001 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2001
- 2000 [6] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2000
- 1999 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1999
- 1998 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1998
- 1997 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1997
- 1996 [2] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1996
- 1995 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1995
- 1993 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1993
- 1992 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1992
- 1991 [5] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1991
- 1990 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1990
- 1989 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1989
- 1988 [2] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1988
- 1987 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1987
- 1986 [2] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1986
- 1985 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1985
- 1984 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1984
- 1983 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1983
- 1982 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1982
- 1981 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1981
- 1980 [2] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1980
- 1967 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1967
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Machine Translation
Author(s): John Lehrberger and Laurent BourbeauPublication Date January 1988More LessThe use of the computer in translating natural languages ranges from that of a translator's aid for word processing and dictionary lookup to that of a full-fledged translator on its own. However the obstacles to translating by means of the computer are primarily linguistic. To overcome them it is necessary to resolve the ambiguities that pervade a natural language when words and sentences are viewed in isolation. The problem then is to formalize, in the computer, these aspects of natural language understanding. The authors show how, from a linguistic point of view, one may form some idea of what goes on inside a system's black box, given only the input (original text) and the raw output (translated text before post-editing). Many examples of English/French translation are used to illustrate the principles involved.
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The Macregol Gospels or The Rushworth Gospels
Editor(s): Kenichi TamotoPublication Date May 2013More LessThis work is composed of two parts. The first or introductory part, contains a palaeographical discussion about Bodleian Library, MS Auctarium D.2.19, that is to say, the MacRegol Gospels or the Rushworth Gospels, edited by Kenichi Tamoto, and which forms the second and main part of this book. The provenience of the MS, the Latin text, the use of the MS, and the Old English gloss are discussed in detail in the introductory part. The chief aim that the author set himself is firstly to survey preceding printed versions of the MS, such as Stevenson & Waring (1856-65) and W.W. Skeat (1871-87), and secondly to publish the complete edition of the MS with the whole Latin text interlineally glossed in Old English. This work will stimulate further research into the MS, in particular the comparative study of Old English glosses, such as those of the Lindisfarne Gospels.
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Made-in-Canada Humour
Author(s): Beverly J. RasporichPublication Date October 2015More LessMade-in-Canada-Humour is an interdisciplinary survey and analysis of Canadian humour and humorists in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The book focuses on a variety of genres. It includes celebrated Canadian writers and poets with ironic and satiric perspectives; oral storytellers of tall tales in the country and the city; newspaper print humorists; representative national and regional cartoonists; and comedians of stage, radio and television. The humour gives voice to Canadian values and experiences, and consequently, techniques and styles of humour particular to the country. While a persistent comic theme has been joking at the expense of the United States, both countries have influenced one another’s humour. Canada’s unique humorous tradition also reflects its emergence from a colonial country to a postcolonial and postmodern nation with contemporary humour that addresses gender and racial issues.
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Main Clause Phenomena
Editor(s): Lobke Aelbrecht, Liliane Haegeman and Rachel NyePublication Date June 2012More LessMain Clause Phenomena: New Horizons takes the study of Main Clause Phenomena (MCP) into the 21st century, without neglecting the origins of the topic. It brings together work by both established and up-and-coming scholars, who present analyses for a wide range of MCP, from a variety of languages, with a particular focus on particles and agreement markers, complementizers and verb second, and the licensing of MCP in different types of clauses. Besides enriching the empirical domain, this volume also engages with the theoretical question of how best to capture the distribution of MCP and, in particular, to what extent they are embeddable and why. The diverse patterns and analyses presented challenge the idea that MCP constitute a homogeneous class. Main Clause Phenomena: New Horizons is of interest not just to scholars specializing in the study of MCP, but to all linguists interested in the syntax and/or semantics of the clause.
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Maintenance and Loss of Minority Languages
Editor(s): Willem Fase, Koen Jaspaert and Sjaak KroonPublication Date June 1992More LessThe papers in this volume describe a wide variety of language contact settings in which one or more languages are in a process of shift. In the first part of the book theoretical perspectives are presented, followed by linguistic, sociological and descriptive studies of languages and countries that have attracted the interest of researchers before, as well as less well known examples. Data are presented from: the Philippines, Korea, Japan, Israel, The Netherlands, Belgium, Canada, Sweden, Spain, Denmark, Morocco, Finland, Malaysia, Germany, USA, Ireland, India, Tanzania and Australia.
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Major versus Minor? – Languages and Literatures in a Globalized World
Editor(s): Theo D’haen, Iannis Goerlandt and Roger D. SellPublication Date October 2015More LessDo the notions of “World Lingua Franca” and “World Literature” now need to be firmly relegated to an imperialist-cum-colonialist past? Or can they be rehabilitated in a practical and equitable way that fully endorses a politics of recognition? For scholars in the field of languages and literatures, this is the central dilemma to be faced in a world that is increasingly globalized. In this book, the possible banes and benefits of globalization are illuminated from many different viewpoints by scholars based in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania. Among their more particular topics of discussion are: language spread, language hegemony, and language conservation; literary canons, literature and identity, and literary anthologies; and the bearing of the new communication technologies on languages and literatures alike. Throughout the book, however, the most frequently explored opposition is between languages or literatures perceived as “major” and others perceived as “minor”, two terms which are sometimes qualitative in connotation, sometimes quantitative, and sometimes both at once, depending on who is using them and with reference to what.
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Make Peace and Take Victory
Author(s): Patricia RonanPublication Date January 2012More LessThis corpus-based study examines the use of support verb constructions in Old English and Old Irish. It determines in how far these constructions can be seen as a means to offer semantic specification of existing verbal expressions. The study further investigates whether support verb constructions may be employed to create periphrastic verbal expressions to denote concepts for which no simple verb exists in the language at that stage. This latter situation may particularly arise as a consequence of contact with new cultural concepts. The approach of the study is both qualitative and quantitative. It compares the use of the Old English constructions to corresponding Old Irish structures as well as to other language varieties, especially Present Day English, which has a considerably more analytic morphological structure than either of the two medieval languages.
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Making and Using Word Lists for Language Learning and Testing
Author(s): I.S.P. NationPublication Date September 2016More LessWord lists lie at the heart of good vocabulary course design, the development of graded materials for extensive listening and extensive reading, research on vocabulary load, and vocabulary test development. This book has been written for vocabulary researchers and curriculum designers to describe the factors they need to consider when they create frequency-based word lists. These include the purpose for which the word list is to be used, the design of the corpus from which the list will be made, the unit of counting, and what should and should not be counted as words. The book draws on research to show the current state of knowledge of these factors and provides very practical guidelines for making word lists for language teaching and testing. The writer is well known for his work in the teaching and learning of vocabulary and in the creation of word lists and vocabulary size tests based on word lists.
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Making Minds
Editor(s): Petra Hauf and Friedrich FörsterlingPublication Date March 2007More LessSocial stimuli are important proximate determinants of human thought, action, and behaviour. But does the social environment also have deeper, profounder, and possibly more distal impact on more lasting psychological structures and forms, generalizing across time and domains, such as traits, self-consciousness, abilities, and talents? This volume takes an interdisciplinary approach to the question of if, how, and how far the mind is socially fabricated: Philosophical contributions address conceptual tools for analyses of how person perceivers shape the psychological structures of the person perceived. Social psychologists consider some of the more local mechanisms of “mind making”, including self fulfilling prophecies, attributions, and self-verification. Moreover, they address the dramatic consequences of being ostracised. From a clinical perspective it is investigated how patients’ immediate social environment (e.g., the family) impacts on schizophrenic relapse. In addition, developmental psychologists report on investigations of the role of social factors, e.g., imitative learning, for the development of the social self. Finally an ethological perspective demonstrates the susceptibility of animals to social stimuli. These papers were previously published as Interaction Studies 6:1 and 6:3 (2005).
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The Making of a Mixed Language
Author(s): Maarten MousPublication Date December 2003More LessThe Mbugu (or Ma'á) language (Tanzania) is one of the few genuine mixed languages, reputedly combining Bantu grammar with Cushitic vocabulary. In fact the people speak two languages: one mixed and one closely related to the Bantu language Pare. This book is the first comprehensive description of these languages. It shows that these two languages share one grammar while their lexicon is parallel. In the distant past the people shifted from a Cushitic to a Bantu language and in the process rebuilt a language of their own that expresses their separate ethnic identity in a Bantu environment. This linguistic history is explained in the context of the intricate history of the people. The discussion of the processes that were involved in the formation of Ma'a/Mbugu is extremely relevant for both creole studies and for contact linguistics in general.
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Making Requests by Chinese EFL Learners
Author(s): Vincent X. WangPublication Date May 2011More LessRequests, a speech act people frequently use to perform everyday social interactions, have attracted particular attention in politeness theories, pragmatics, and second language acquisition. This book looks at request behaviours in a significant EFL population – Chinese-speaking learners of English. It will draw on recent literature, such as politeness theories and cognitive models for interlanguage pragmatics development, as well as placing special emphasis on situational context and formulaic language to provide a more fine-grained investigation. A range of request scenarios has been specifically designed for this project, from common service encounters to highly face-threatening situations such as borrowing money and asking a favour of police officer. Our findings on Chinese-style pragmatic behaviours and patterns of pragmatic development will be of value to cross-cultural pragmatics researchers, TESOL professionals, and university students with an interest in this area of study.
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Management and Organization Paradoxes
Editor(s): Stewart R. CleggPublication Date June 2002More LessParadox — the simultaneous existence of two inconsistent states — has become orthodox. The orthodox is now the paradox. The orthodox world of ordering, controlling and organizing is increasingly opposed to a normalizing world of disordering, disrupting and disorganizing. And organization studies cannot avoid changing its conceptions of reality as that reality changes. In the future, organization studies will be the study of paradox, how to understand it, how to use it.
In this book of original contributions addressed to management and organization paradoxes the authors address the new state of the field in terms of representations — representing paradoxes — and materialisations — materialising paradoxes. The themes — although varied, ranging from dialectics to internal tensions; from collaborations to ethics and value conflicts; from resistant labourers and wharfies to cartoon characters such as The Simpsons; from the irrationalities of finance to the psychoanalytic rationalities of auditing, and from issues of governance in Asian and international business to the composition of the new knowledge work force in the business professions — cohere around core aspects of paradoxicality.
Overall, the contributions to Management and Organization Paradoxes are diverse and challenging. Each contribution takes a different angle on the central theme. All of the chapters illuminate diverse aspects of contemporary paradoxes in management and organization theory. The book provides, in each of its chapters, a challenge to the still overwhelmingly rationalist views of theory and practice that dominate the field and provides new directions for understanding organizations and management.The contributors are drawn from leading European, Australian and Latin American contributors.
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Managing Language
Author(s): Francesca Bargiela and Sandra J. HarrisPublication Date June 1997More LessThe book attempts to answer the question: what do managers in multinational companies really do during meetings? Following fieldwork in three corporations in Britain and Italy, the picture that emerges is one that challenges the widespread understanding of meetings as boring, routine events in the life of an organisation. As the recordings analysed in the book show, organisational meanings and relations come into existence through verbal interaction; these are challenged and manipulated in a constant process of sense-making in search of coherence which engages managers in their daily work life. The pragmatics of pronominalisation, metaphors and discourse markers, as well as thematic development, reveal the dynamics of sense-making in both English and Italian. The ‘native’ perspective adopted in Part One of the book is complemented , in Part Two, by a contrastive study of the structural and pragmatic properties of meetings in the corporate and cultural contexts of the British and Italian multinationals, respectively. Finally, the intercultural dimension of corporate communication is vividly portrayed in the experience of managers of an Anglo-Italian joint venture examined in the concluding chapter.
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Managing Plurilingual and Intercultural Practices in the Workplace
Editor(s): Georges Lüdi, Katharina Höchle Meier and Patchareerat YanaprasartPublication Date October 2016More LessThe contributions in this volume stem from different lines of research and represent both a continuation and an advancement of the European DYLAN project. The book addresses the meanings and implications of multilingualism and plurilingual repertoires as well as the ways in which cultural diversity is managed in companies and institutions in Switzerland. Characterised by official quadrilingualism, but also by new dimensions of multilingualism resulting from massive immigration, important workforce mobility and increasing globalisation, Switzerland offers an ideal laboratory for studying phenomena linked to multilingualism and cultural diversity.
On the one hand, a special focus is put on the best practices of diversity management and language regimes with particular attention paid to the interplay between official languages and English, and to ways of leveraging diversity awareness, fostering cultural inclusiveness and enhancing intercultural learning in vocational education and training.
On the other hand, the chapters examine at close range the way actors' plurilingual repertoires are developed and how their use is adapted to particular objectives and specific conditions. Being observed in several types of multilingual professional settings, the plurilingual strategies, including English as lingua franca, are particularly examined in terms of power relations and processes of inclusion or exclusion.
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Manipulation and Ideologies in the Twentieth Century
Editor(s): Louis de Saussure and Peter J. SchulzPublication Date December 2005More LessThis book is a collection of 12 papers dealing with manipulation and ideology in the 20th century, mostly with reference to political speeches by the leaders of major totalitarian regimes, but also addressing propaganda within contemporary right-wing populism and western ideological rhetoric. This book aims at bringing together researchers in the field of ideology reproduction in order to better understand the underlying mechanisms of speaker-favourable belief inculcation through language use. The book covers a wide range of theoretical perspectives, from psychosocial approaches and discourse analysis to semantics and cognitive linguistics and pragmatics. The book’s central concern is to provide not only a reference work with up-to-date information on the analysis of manipulation in discourse but also a number of tools for the scholar, some of them being developed within theories originally not designed to address belief-change through language interpretation. Foreword by Frans van Eemeren.
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The Manipulative Disguise of Truth
Author(s): Viviana MasiaPublication Date May 2021More LessBecoming effective hunters of manipulative communicative moves is far from an easy capacity to develop. This book aims at offering a guide to the most dangerous traps of deceptive language as triggered by implicit communication strategies such as presupposition, implicature, topicalization and vague expressions. A look at different contexts of language use highlights some of the most remarkable implications of using indirect speech and of how it affects the correct comprehension of a message. Within the remit of communication and pragmatics studies, this work marks an advancement in the direction of delving into the linguistic manifestations of manipulative discourse, its most common contexts of use and the educational paths that can be undertaken to master it in everyday interactions.
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Manners, Norms and Transgressions in the History of English
Editor(s): Andreas H. Jucker and Irma TaavitsainenPublication Date August 2020More LessThis volume traces the multifaceted concept of manners in the history of English from the late medieval through the early and late modern periods right up to the present day. It focuses in particular on transgressions of manners and norms of behaviour as an analytical tool to shed light on the discourse of polite conduct and styles of writing. The papers collected in this volume adopt both literary and linguistic perspectives. The fictional sources range from medieval romances and Shakespearean plays to eighteenth-century drama, Lewis Carroll’s Alice books and present-day television comedy drama. The non-fictional data includes conduct books, medical debates and petitions written by lower class women in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The contributions focus in particular on the following questions: What are the social and political ideologies behind rules of etiquette and norms of interaction, and what can we learn from blunders and other transgressions?
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Manual of Specialised Lexicography
Editor(s): Henning Bergenholtz and Sven TarpPublication Date July 1995More LessFrom 1990–1994 the Danish Research Council for the Humanities granted a research project entitled “translation of LSP texts”, which was initially split up into five part-projects, one of which has been concerned with LSP lexicography.
The Manual of Specialised Lexicography is one of the results of the research undertaken by this project. The primary purpose of the Manual is to contribute towards an improved basis for practical specialised lexicography, which has so far had but a small share in the explosive development that has taken place in general-language lexicography since the early 1970s. One implication of this is that only to a limited extent has it been possible to build upon existing findings.
The Manual thus has the twofold aim of offering guidance and direction to authors of specialised dictionaries as well as contributing towards the further development of lexicographical theories.
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Manufacturing Dissent
Editor(s): Cornelia IliePublication Date January 2024More LessSpotlighting case studies of manipulation practices at the onset of the Covid-19 crisis in different countries and socio-political circumstances, the authors expose context-specific discourse and argumentation strategies of 'infodemics’ (misleading information and fake news), public policy mismanagement, deceptive online and offline communication tactics, and conspiracy narratives, which end up disrupting community social cohesion. In addition to targeting manipulation-driven dissent across discourse genres through corpus-based investigations, a major strength of this volume consists in debunking manipulation while foregrounding compelling acts of counter-manipulation.
The volume’s breadth of topics, depth of analytical insights and range of methodological frameworks provide unique perspectives by capturing crisis-related manipulations across a worldwide political and cultural spectrum (Austria, Brazil, China, the Czech Republic, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States), with a focus on the scale and extent of multifaceted repercussions. Reaching beyond the boundaries of pragmatics and discourse analysis, this book should be a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners of rhetoric, argumentation, media studies, social and political sciences.
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Mapping Genres, Mapping Culture
Editor(s): Elizabeth A. Thomson, Motoki Sano and Helen de Silva JoycePublication Date December 2017More LessThe purpose of this book is to contribute to our understanding of genre and genre variation in the Japanese language in order to bring to consciousness the nature of Japanese culture and the presuppositions, norms and values found within Japanese society. This type of knowledge enables interventions and agency, as knowing how language works within a culture makes it possible to consciously accept it or to influence and shape it into the future. The various chapters seek to explore social contexts and the norms, values and practices of Japanese culture through the language choices in analysed texts in literature, education, the workplace and in print-based media. These genres collectively form part of the cultural fabric of Japan. The book represents a first step in documenting a selected set of Japanese genres from a social semiotic perspective. It will be of interest to students and scholars in a wide range of linguistic fields, such as Japanese descriptive linguistics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, systemic functional linguistics and applied linguistics. It should also appeal to teachers and learners of Japanese and to media commentators, students of literature, cultural studies and journalism.
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Mapping Unity and Diversity World-Wide
Editor(s): Marianne Hundt and Ulrike GutPublication Date March 2012More LessThis volume presents a collection of in-depth cross-varietal studies on a broad spectrum of grammatical features in English varieties spoken all over the world. The contributions explore the structural unity and diversity of New Englishes and thus investigate central aspects of dialect evolution and language change. Moreover, this volume offers new insights into the question as to what constrains new dialect formation, and examines universal trends across a wide range of contact situations. The contributions in this volume further study the possibilities and limitations of quantitative and qualitative corpus analyses in comparative studies of New Englishes and exemplify novel approaches, e.g. the contribution of syntactic corpus annotation (tagging and parsing) to the description of New English structures; the use (and limitations) of web-derived data as an additional source of information; and the possibility to complement corpus data with evidence from sociolinguistic fieldwork.
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Maps and Mapping in Children's Literature
Editor(s): Nina Goga and Bettina Kümmerling-MeibauerPublication Date August 2017More LessMaps and Mapping in Children’s Literature is the first comprehensive study that investigates the representation of maps in children’s books as well as the impact of mapping on the depiction of landscapes, seascapes, and cityscapes in children’s literature. The chapters in this volume pursue a comparative approach as they represent a wide spectrum of diverse genres and national children’s literatures by examining a wealth of children’s books from Canada, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Norway, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the USA. The theoretical and methodological approaches range from literary studies, developmental psychology, maps and geography literacy, ecocriticism, historical contextualization with both new historicist and political-historical leanings, and intermediality to materialist cartographies, cultural studies, island studies, and genre studies. By this, this volume aims at embedding children’s literature in a broader field of literary and cultural studies, thus situating children’s literature research within a general context of literary theory.
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Marathi
Author(s): Ramesh Vaman Dhongde and Kashi WaliPublication Date December 2009More LessMarathi, an Indo-Aryan language, is the official language of Maharashtra, including Mumbai. Father Thomas Stephens, the first English traveler to Goa, a pioneer linguist, wrote Christa Puran in Marathi (1616) and Arte da Lingoa Canarim in Portuguese, printed in (1640). The latter is a grammar of Konkani, a language closely related to Marathi. It is the first grammar of its kind marking a new grammatical tradition for modern Indo-Aryan languages. The present volume contains an extensive account of Marathi phonology, morphology, word formation and syntax. It succinctly describes the accentual system, special compound verb forms, unique pronominal anaphors, complex agreement due to split ergative system, and special pronominal marking. The book also contains a case study of a child’s acquisition of Marathi and an essay on Women’s Language, the two topics that are increasingly becoming relevant to the grammar.
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Marcel Proust and the Strategy of Reading
Author(s): Walter KasellPublication Date January 1980More LessThis study examines Marcel Proust’s works and his readers, starting of with the reading encounter one needs in order not to miss out on things, and ending by exploring the nature of Proust’s vision. An interesting study for everyone who wants to know more about Proust and his ideas.
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Mass and Count in Linguistics, Philosophy, and Cognitive Science
Editor(s): Friederike MoltmannPublication Date December 2020More LessThe mass-count distinction is a morpho-syntactic distinction among nouns that is generally taken to have semantic content. This content is generally taken to reflect a conceptual, cognitive, or ontological distinction and relates to philosophical and cognitive notions of unity, identity, and counting. The mass-count distinction is certainly one of the most interesting and puzzling topics in syntax and semantics that bears on ontology and cognitive science. In many ways, the topic remains under-researched, though, across languages and with respect to particular phenomena within a given language, with respect to its connection to cognition, and with respect to the way it may be understood ontologically. This volume aims to contribute to some of the gaps in the research on the topic, in particular the relation between the syntactic mass-count distinction and semantic and cognitive distinctions, diagnostics for mass and count, the distribution and role of numeral classifiers, abstract mass nouns, and object mass nouns (furniture, police force, clothing).The mass-count distinction is a morpho-syntactic distinction among nouns that is generally taken to have semantic content. This content is generally taken to reflect a conceptual, cognitive, or ontological distinction and relates to philosophical and cognitive notions of unity, identity, and counting. The mass-count distinction is certainly one of the most interesting and puzzling topics in syntax and semantics that bears on ontology and cognitive science. In many ways, the topic remains under-researched, though, across languages and with respect to particular phenomena within a given language, with respect to its connection to cognition, and with respect to the way it may be understood ontologically. This volume aims to contribute to some of the gaps in the research on the topic, in particular the relation between the syntactic mass-count distinction and semantic and cognitive distinctions, diagnostics for mass and count, the distribution and role of numeral classifiers, abstract mass nouns, and object mass nouns (furniture, police force, clothing).
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Master Narratives, Identities, and the Stories of Former Slaves
Author(s): Jonathan Clifton and Dorien Van De MieroopPublication Date March 2016More LessThis book is intended for researchers in the field of narrative from post-graduate level onwards. It analyzes the audio-recordings of the narratives of former slaves from the American South which are now publically available on the Library of Congress website: Voices from the days of slavery. More specifically, this book analyses the identity work of these former slaves and considers how these identities are related to master narratives. The novelty of this book is that through using such a temporally diverse and relatively large corpus, we show how master narratives change according to both the zeitgeist of the here-and-now of the interview world and the historical period that is related in the there-and-then of the story world. Moreover, focusing on the active achievement of master narratives as socially-situated co-constructed discursive accomplishments we analyze how different, inherently unstable and even contradictory versions of master narratives are enacted.
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Materials on Left Dislocation
Editor(s): Elena Anagnostopoulou, Henk van Riemsdijk and Frans ZwartsPublication Date February 1997More LessMaterials on Left Dislocation consists of two parts. Part I contains a selection of the main texts on which our present understanding of the Left Dislocation construction is based. For various reasons most of these texts had never been published, or are published in obsolete places. These articles, by Van Riemsdijk & Zwarts, Rodman, Hirschbuehler, Vat, Cinque and Zaenen, contain the first arguments that pertain to the major questions about Left Dislocation (for example whether movement or base-generation is involved), and they present the rationale for the now standard distinctions between Hanging Topic LD, Contrastive LD, and Clitic LD.
In Part II a number of recent contributions to the grammar of Left Dislocation are brought together. In these articles, by Anagnostopoulou, Demirdache, Escobar, Van Hoof and Wiltschko, new aspects are being explored such as the relationship between LD and the grammar of focus and the role of clitic doubling and its semantic effects in Clitic LD. Furthermore, the empirical basis is broadened to encompass more languages. Finally, these articles explore the relationship between LD and a number of apparently unrelated constructions such as split topicalization.
The book constitutes an indispensable tool for any linguist who seriously works on dislocation phenomena.
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Mathematical and Computational Analysis of Natural Language
Editor(s): Carlos Martín-VidePublication Date October 1998More LessIn the last decade, computational linguistics has produced a revival of the interest in the mathematical study of the various levels of human language. This volume contains a selection of recent research papers approaching mathematical and computational topics in natural languages, with a special attention being paid to syntax and semantics. According with their main focus, the papers are distributed into four parts: Syntax, Semantics, Natural language processing and Varia, which cover a vast range of problems. The book may be of interest to all those who intend to know which kind of mathematics is used when giving account of natural language, as well as to people working on computational issues involving human-machine interaction.
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Mathematics of Language
Editor(s): Alexis Manaster-RamerPublication Date January 1987More LessBy mathematics of language is meant the mathematical properties that may, under certain assumptions about modeling, be attributed to human languages and related symbolic systems, as well as the increasingly active and autonomous scholarly discipline that studies such things. More specifically, the use of techniques developed in a variety of pure and applied mathematics, including logic and the theory of computation, in the discovery and articulation of insights into the structure of language. Some of the contributions to this volume deal primarily with foundational issues, others with specific models and theoretical issues. A few are concerned with semantics, but most focus on syntax. The papers in this volume reveal applications of the several fields of the theory of computation (formal languages, automata, complexity), formal logic, topology, set theory, graph theory, and statistics. The book also shows a keen interest in developing mathematical models that are especially suited to natural languages.
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Maupassant: the Semiotics of Text
Author(s): Algirdas Julien GreimasPublication Date January 1988More LessTranslated by Paul Perron Maupassant's short story, “Two Friends”, is examined in order to test methodological tools and to hone them for their application in the analysis of narrative discourse, starting from the oral tale (Propp) and ending with the written tale instituted as literary genre. Complex procedures of textual production are identified: among which entire sequences as well as the “evenemential” level of narrative fade away in favor of its cognitive dimension. This semiotic investigation is accompanied by a challenge to certain conventions of literary criticism: dialogue, the locus of Realist stereotypes, appears laden with paradoxical truths; the description of nature, inherited from the Romantics, bristles with narrative intent, and entire sections of a valorized figurative universe unfold before us. Thematic readings are linked up with semantic analysis: the figure of Water exerts its profound fascination. A Christian symbolics is uncovered which traverses the text and invites us to read it as a new Gospel Parable. New readings complement older ones and remain as so many suspended possibilities. The tale appears somewhat as a sonnet, that is to say as a “fixed-form” genre, where the closure of the text would be a necessary condition for transcending it.
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The McGill University Collection of Greek and Roman Coins
Author(s): Michael WolochPublication Date January 1985More LessThis catalogue of The McGill University Collection of Greek and Roman Coins brings together reprints of three volumes. The Roman catalogue of Volume I is by D.H.E. Whitehead (1975). Volume I also contains a Roman Supplement by Vivien Law and a short history of the collection by John Sullivan. Volume II (1975), by Prof. Shlosser, lists the gold and silver ancient Greek coins. The third and last volume (1984), also by Prof. Shlosser, contains the ancient Greek (including Judean and Indian) bronze coins and the Greek Imperials. Some silver coins are present. In Volume III are a Supplement by Louise Cass-Conrad of the Roman coins not in Volume I and Corrigenda to Volumes I and II. The volumes are richly illustrated with plates. The published collection consists of 1,763 coins, almost equally divided between Greek and Roman. This combined catalogue is unusual because so few university coin collections have ever been fully catalogued and published and is outstanding on account of its diversity. One may say that nearly all time periods and mints are represented. Study of the catalogue will be repaid with knowledge of examples of most kinds of ancient Greek and Roman coinage. The McGill Collection will be of interest to numismatists, including collectors, dealers and museum curators, as well as to historians of the ancient world.
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Meaning and Cognition
Editor(s): Liliana AlbertazziPublication Date November 2000More LessThe aim of this book is to present significant aspects of cognitive grammar by adopting an interdisciplinary approach. The book provides an interplay of contributions by some exponents of cognitive grammar (Langacker, Croft, Wood, Geeraerts, Kövecses, Wildgen), and philosophers of language (Albertazzi, Marconi, Peruzzi, Violi) who, in most cases, share a phenomenological and Gestalt approach to the problem of semantics.
The topics covered include themes that are central to the debate in cognitive grammar, such as, metaphor, construal operations, prototypicality, Gestalt schemes and field semantics. The book offers evidence to support the cognitive hypothesis in semantics and the existence of a close connection between the structures of perception and the categories of natural language.
Because of the approach employed, with its consideration of borderline aspects among semantics, linguistics, theoretical reflection and historical analysis, the book marks out a route for a philosophical inquiry complementary to a cognitive approach to the semantics of natural language.
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Meaning and Lexicography
Editor(s): Jerzy Tomaszczyk and Barbara Lewandowska-TomaszczykPublication Date January 1990More LessWhile lexicology, lexical semantics, and lexicography all share an interest in lexical items, they often tend to be regarded as three separate albeit interrelated fields. Indeed, the extent to which the interrelationship is recognized and taken into account in lexicographic practice is the moot point. The conference which produced the papers offered in this volume was designed to bring their practioners together and thus gives an impetus to closer cooperation among them, It is the editors' conviction that the practical activity of lexicography should learn more from its sister fields. People working in lexicography, lexical semantics, etc. may find some of the insights arrived at in the more practically oriented descriptions pertinent and useful.
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Meaning and Reading
Author(s): Michel MeyerPublication Date January 1983More LessAccording to the traditional view, meaning presents itself under the form of some kind of identity. To give the meaning of a sentence amounts to being capable of producing some substitute based on the identity of the terms of the sentence. Is then the meaning of a book, or of any text, the capacity of rewriting it? Instead of retaining a double-standard theory of meaning, one for sentences and another for texts, that would allow for an ad hoc gap, the author provides a unified conception, called the question view of language he has developed, known as problematology. He pursues a systematic analysis of questioning in literature and shows how questioning makes the understanding process possible.
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Meaning and Structure in Second Language Acquisition
Editor(s): Jacee Cho, Michael Iverson, Tiffany Judy, Tania Leal and Elena ShimanskayaPublication Date September 2018More LessThis volume presents a range of studies testing some of the latest models and hypotheses in the field of second/third language acquisition, such as the Bottleneck Hypothesis (Slabakova, 2008, 2016), the Scalpel Model (Slabakova, 2017), and the Interface Hypothesis (Sorace & Serratrice, 2009) to name a few. The studies explore a variety of linguistic properties (e.g., functional morphology, linguistic properties at the syntax-discourse interface) by focusing on distinct populations (L2 acquisition, L3/LN acquisition, Heritage Speakers), while also considering the links between experimental linguistic research, generative linguistics, and, in some cases, language pedagogy. Dedicated to Roumyana Slabakova, each chapter can be directly linked to her work in terms of the empirical testing of extant hypotheses, the formulation of new models and ideas, and her efforts to advance the dialogue between different disciplines and frameworks. Overall, the contributions in the volume bear evidence of Slabakova’s enduring influence in the field as a collaborator, teacher, and researcher.
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Meaning and Universal Grammar
Editor(s): Cliff Goddard and Anna WierzbickaPublication Date May 2002More LessThis book develops a bold new approach to universal grammar, based on research findings of the natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) program. The key idea is that universal grammar is constituted by the inherent grammatical properties of some 60 empirically established semantic primes, which appear to have concrete exponents in all languages. For six typologically divergent languages (Mangaaba-Mbula, Mandarin Chinese, Lao, Malay, Spanish and Polish), contributors identify exponents of the primes and work through a substantial set of hypotheses about their combinatorics, valency properties, complementation options, etc. Each study can also be read as a semantically-based typological profile. Four theoretical chapters by the editors describe the NSM approach and its application to grammatical typology. As a study of empirical universals in grammar, this book is unique for its rigorous semantic orientation, its methodological consistency, and its wealth of cross-linguistic detail.
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Meaning and Universal Grammar
Editor(s): Cliff Goddard and Anna WierzbickaPublication Date May 2002More LessThis book develops a bold new approach to universal grammar, based on research findings of the natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) program. The key idea is that universal grammar is constituted by the inherent grammatical properties of some 60 empirically established semantic primes, which appear to have concrete exponents in all languages. For six typologically divergent languages (Mangaaba-Mbula, Mandarin Chinese, Lao, Malay, Spanish and Polish), contributors identify exponents of the primes and work through a substantial set of hypotheses about their combinatorics, valency properties, complementation options, etc. Each study can also be read as a semantically-based typological profile. Four theoretical chapters by the editors describe the NSM approach and its application to grammatical typology. As a study of empirical universals in grammar, this book is unique for its rigorous semantic orientation, its methodological consistency, and its wealth of cross-linguistic detail.
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Meaning Detachment
Author(s): Benoît de CornulierPublication Date January 1980More LessThis essay concerns meaning detachment and (self-)interpreting utterances.
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Meaning in the History of English
Editor(s): Andreas H. Jucker, Daniela Landert, Annina Seiler and Nicole Studer-JohoPublication Date December 2013More LessUncovering the meaning of individual words or entire texts is a complex process that needs to take into consideration the multiple interactions of linguistic organization including orthography, morphology, syntax and, ultimately, pragmatics. The papers in this volume pay close attention to these interactions and assess both the details of the texts and entire texts within their relevant contexts. All the papers deal with data from the history of English, and they cover a wide range from Old English manuscripts to Early Modern English letters and medical texts to Late Modern English cant vocabulary.
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The Meaning of Particle / Prefix Constructions in German
Author(s): Robert B. DewellPublication Date September 2011More LessThis is really two books in one: a valuable reference resource, and a groundbreaking case study that represents a new approach to constructional semantics. It presents a detailed descriptive survey, using extensive examples collected from the Internet, of German verb constructions in which the expressions durch (‘through’), über (‘over’), unter (‘under’), and um (‘around’) occur either as inseparable verb prefixes or as separable verb particles. Based on that evidence, the author argues that the prefixed verb constructions and particle verb constructions themselves have meaning, and that this meaning involves subjective construal processes rather than objective information. The constructions prompt us to distribute focal attention according to patterns that can be articulated in terms of Talmy’s notion of “perspectival modes”. Among the other topics that play an important role in the analysis are incremental themes, reflexive trajectors, fictive motion, “multi-directional paths”, and “accusative landmarks”.
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Meaning Predictability in Word Formation
Author(s): Pavol ŠtekauerPublication Date March 2005More LessThis book aims to contribute to a growing interest amongst psycholinguists and morphologists in the mechanisms of meaning predictability. It presents a brand-new model of the meaning-prediction of novel, context-free naming units, relating the wordformation and wordinterpretation processes. Unlike previous studies, mostly focussed on N+N compounds, the scope of this book is much wider. It not only covers all types of complex words, but also discusses a whole range of predictability-boosting and -reducing conditions. Two measures are introduced, the Predictability Rate and the Objectified Predictability Rate, in order to compare the strength of predictable readings both within a word and relative to the most predictable readings of other coinages. Four extensive experiments indicate inter alia the equal predicting capacity of native and non-native speakers, the close interconnection between linguistic and extra-linguistic factors, the important role of prototypical semes, and the usual dominance of a single central reading.
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Meaning Through Language Contrast
Editor(s): Katarzyna M. Jaszczolt and Ken TurnerPublication Date March 2003More LessThese volumes contain selected papers from the Second International Conference on Contrastive Semantics and Pragmatics that was held at Newnham College, University of Cambridge, in September 2000. They include papers on negation, temporality, modality, evidentiality, eventualities, grammar and conceptualization, grammaticalization, metaphor, cross-cultural pragmatics and speech acts and the semantics-pragmatics boundary. There are contributions by, amongst many others, Les Bruce, Ilinca Crainiceanu, Thorstein Fretheim, Saeko Fukushima, Ronald Geluykens, Javier Gutiérrez-Rexach, Klaus von Heusinger, K. M. Jaszczolt, Susumu Kubo, Akiko Kurosawa, Eva Lavric, Didier Maillat, Márta Maleczki, Steve Nicolle, Sergei Tatevosov, L. M. Tovena, Jacqueline Visconti and Krista Vogelberg.
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Meaning Through Language Contrast
Editor(s): Katarzyna M. Jaszczolt and Ken TurnerPublication Date March 2003More LessThese volumes contain selected papers from the Second International Conference on Contrastive Semantics and Pragmatics that was held at Newnham College, University of Cambridge, in September 2000. They include papers on negation, temporality, modality, evidentiality, eventualities, grammar and conceptualization, grammaticalization, metaphor, cross-cultural pragmatics and speech acts and the semantics-pragmatics boundary. There are contributions by, amongst many others, Les Bruce, Ilinca Crainiceanu, Thorstein Fretheim, Saeko Fukushima, Ronald Geluykens, Javier Gutiérrez-Rexach, Klaus von Heusinger, K. M. Jaszczolt, Susumu Kubo, Akiko Kurosawa, Eva Lavric, Didier Maillat, Márta Maleczki, Steve Nicolle, Sergei Tatevosov, L. M. Tovena, Jacqueline Visconti and Krista Vogelberg.
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Meaningful Language Test Scores
Editor(s): Spiros Papageorgiou and Venessa F. MannaPublication Date June 2023More LessResearch on how stakeholders interpret language test scores and how they make decisions about language proficiency is critical because score-based decisions can be extremely consequential for test takers, score users, such as educational institutions and employers, and the society overall. This edited volume is intended as a primary resource for language assessment researchers, developers, and policy makers interested in efficiently communicating score information related to language proficiency. Its nine chapters report on complicated, often behind-the-scenes research efforts to enhance the interpretation of English language test scores developed by ETS, by employing diverse methodologies such as vertical linking, score mapping, standard setting, scale anchoring, and score concordance. In a post-pandemic era full of challenges and change in the field of language assessment, this volume highlights the ethical responsibility of test providers to engage in sometimes challenging research and development efforts to better serve score users.
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Measuring Native-Speaker Vocabulary Size
Author(s): I.S.P. Nation and Averil CoxheadPublication Date February 2021More LessEstimating native-speaker vocabulary size is important for guiding interventions to support native-speaker vocabulary growth and for setting goals for learners of English as a foreign language. Unfortunately, the measurement of native-speaker vocabulary size has been one of the most methodologically contentious areas of research in applied linguistics, with estimates of adults’ vocabulary size ranging from 12,000 words to well over 200,000 words. This book reviews over one hundred years of research, critically examining the methodological issues and findings at each age level from young children to adults, and suggesting solutions. It presents a model organising the factors involved in vocabulary growth and is rich in well-researched suggestions for supporting native-speaker vocabulary learning. It concludes with topics for further research. The research shows that we now have a more stable and coherent picture of what and how much vocabulary native-speakers know, and how this knowledge grows throughout their lives.
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Media Intertextualities
Editor(s): Mie HiramotoPublication Date May 2012More LessThis collection of critical essays, originally published in Pragmatics and Society 1:2 (2010), discusses how normative biases that shape our relation to the world are constructed through discursive practice in media discourse. The intertextual perspective it adopts is crucial for our understanding of how media representations of speakers and languages shape many of our preconceptions of others. Mediatization is inherently intertextual; the very nature of this process involves extracting the speech behavior of particular speakers or groups from a highly specific context and refracting and reshaping it to be inserted in another stream of representation. The notion of intertextuality becomes a useful concept for the linguistic anthropological study of media discourse in the context of modernity, as it provides us with a tool for exploring the semiotic processes that underlie the way in which the media negotiate and reinscribe the complex relationships of identity that characterize late modern subjecthood.
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Mediating Criticism
Author(s): Roger D. SellPublication Date December 2001More LessIn the twentieth century, literature was under threat. Not only was there the challenge of new forms of oral and visual culture. Even literary education and literary criticism could sometimes actually distance novels, poems and plays from their potential audience. This is the trend which Roger D. Sell now seeks to reverse. Arguing that literature can still be a significant and democratic channel of human interactivity, he sees the most helpful role of teachers and critics as one of mediation. Through their own example they can encourage readers to empathize with otherness, to recognize the historical achievement of significant acts of writing, and to respond to literary authors’ own faith in communication itself. By way of illustration, he offers major re-assessments of five canonical figures (Vaughan, Fielding, Dickens, T.S. Eliot, and Frost), and of two fascinating twentieth-century writers who were somewhat misunderstood (the novelist William Gerhardie and the poet Andrew Young).
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Mediating Discourse Online
Editor(s): Sally Magnan PiercePublication Date May 2008More LessInformation and communication technology is transforming our notion of literacy. In the study of second language learning, there is an acute need to understand how learners collaborate in mediating discourse online. This edited volume offers essays and research studies that lead us to question the borders between speech and writing, to redefine narrative, to speculate on the consequences of many-to-many communication, and to ponder the ethics of researching online interaction. Using diverse technologies (bulletin boards, course management systems, chats, instant messaging, online gaming) and situated in different cultural environments, the studies explore intercultural notions of identity, voice, and collaboration. Although the studies come from varying theoretical perspectives, they point, as a whole, to insights to be gained from an ecological approach to studying how people make discourse online. The volume will especially benefit researchers in the digital arena and instructors who must consider how online interaction affects language learning and use.
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Mediating Ideology in Text and Image
Editor(s): Inger Lassen, Jeanne Strunck and Torben VestergaardPublication Date March 2006More LessWhile ideology has been treated widely in CDA-literature, the role played by the interaction of text and image in multiplying meaning and furthering ideological stances has not so far received a lot of attention. Mediating Ideology in Text and Image offers a number of approaches to such analysis, offering students and academics valuable tools for identifying possible discrepancies between the world and the way it is represented through various mediational means. The authors’ common aim is one of assisting the audience in reading between the lines, thus offering a variety of approaches that may contribute to a better understanding of how ideologies possibly work and how they may be denaturalised from text and image. The articles in part I look at rhetorical strategies used in meaning construction processes unfolding in various kinds of mass media. Part II focuses on the re-semiotization of meaning and looks at how analysing the combination of text and image may contribute to a better understanding of ideological processes brought about by multimodal resources. Foreword by Ruth Wodak.
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Medieval Mereology
Author(s): Desmond Paul HenryPublication Date January 1991More LessMereology is the theory which deals with parts and wholes in the concrete sense, and this study follows its varied fortunes during the Middle Ages. Preliminary indications as to its metaphysical situation are followed by a brief sketch of Boethius' contribution. Peter Abelard, Gilbert of Poitiers, Clarembald of Arras, and Joscelin of Soissons are among the twelfth-century authors examined. The effect of the subsequent recovery of Aristotle's Metaphysica on Mereology is typified by sketches of the many and varied uses made of the latter by Aquinas. A brief sample of Buridanian treatment is followed by an account of those applications made under the umbrella of thirteenth-century comment on Aristotle's De Sophisticis Elenchis. The curiously original theories of Wyclif are brought to light, as also also samples from Walter Bruleigh, Nicholas of Paris, William of Ockham, and Paul of Venice. Readers interested in such subjects as logic, metaphysics, philosophy, theology, linguistics, pyschology, and their history, will find the work relevant to their studies. No logical symbolism is used in the main body of the book, but some contemporary background is appended so that those who wish to do so may follow it up.
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