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Subject
- Theoretical linguistics [79] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-theor
- Pragmatics [52] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-prag
- Romance linguistics [49] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-rom
- Syntax [46] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-syntax
- Discourse studies [41] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-disc
- Generative linguistics [32] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-gener
- Semantics [28] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-seman
- Historical linguistics [20] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-hl
- Sociolinguistics and Dialectology [16] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-socio
- Germanic linguistics [14] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-germ
- Communication Studies [13] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/comm-cgen
- English linguistics [13] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-eng
- Language acquisition [12] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-la
- Theoretical literature & literary studies [11] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-theor
- Cognition and language [10] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cogn
- Typology [10] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-typ
- Translation studies [10] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/tran-transl
- Corpus linguistics [9] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-corp
- Applied linguistics [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-appl
- Functional linguistics [7] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-funct
- Morphology [7] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-morph
- Bilingualism [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-bil
- Language teaching [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-educ
- Phonology [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-phon
- Psycholinguistics [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-psylin
- Philosophy [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-gen
- Writing and literacy [5] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-writ
- Contact Linguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cont
- Slavic linguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-slav
- Comparative literature & literary studies [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-comp
- Romance literature & literary studies [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-rom
- Lexicography [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/term-lex
- Consciousness research [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/cons-gen
- Afro-Asiatic languages [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-afas
- Cognitive linguistics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cogpsy
- Computational & corpus linguistics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-comput
- Creole studies [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-creo
- History of linguistics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-hol
- Language policy [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-lapo
- Natural language processing [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-nlp
- Industrial & organizational studies [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/misc-indroc
- Medieval philosophy [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-med
- Forensic linguistics [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-for
- Japanese linguistics [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-japanese
- Semiotics [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sem
- Sino-Tibetan languages [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sitib
- English literature & literary studies [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-engl
- Cognitive psychology [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-cogpsy
- Neuropsychology [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-neuro
- Terminology [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/term-term
- Anthropological Linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-anthr
- Bibliographies in linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-biblio
- Dialogue studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-dial
- Dictionaries [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-dict
- Linguistics of isolated languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-isol
- Language disorders & speech pathology [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-ladis
- Language documentation [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-landoc
- Neurolinguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-neuro
- Languages of North America [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-noam
- Other Indo-European languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-othie
- Phonetics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-phot
- Languages of South America [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-soam
- Uralic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-ural
- Classical literature & literary studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-class
- German literature & literary studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-germli
- Semiotics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-sem
- Interpreting [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/tran-interp
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- 2024 [5] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2024
- 2023 [9] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2023
- 2022 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2022
- 2021 [4] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2021
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- 2019 [10] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2019
- 2018 [7] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2018
- 2017 [8] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2017
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- 2011 [9] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 2011
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- 1987 [3] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1987
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- 1977 [1] http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/yearOfPublication 1977
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Racism and Discourse in Spain and Latin America
Author(s): Teun A. van DijkPublication Date July 2005More LessThis new book extends Teun A. van Dijk’s earlier research on discursive racism to the Latin world. He presents a first inventory of elite discourse and racism in Spain and Latin America by examining discursive reactions in Spain to recent immigration, as well as age-old racism and ethnicism in text and talk in Latin America (especially Mexico, Brazil, Argentina and Chile). Through careful analysis of the media, political discourse, textbooks and other public discourses in these countries he shows that discursive euro-racism is ubiquitous also in countries outside Europe. Spain reproduces, but as yet in a less radical way, the kind of racist discourse we find elsewhere in Western Europe. In Latin America, ethnicism and racism against the indigenous peoples and against Afrolatins has prevailed in elite discourse since colonialism and slavery.
This is the first integrated study of discursive racism in the Latin world and provides a useful framework for similar research.
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Radical Enactivism
Editor(s): Richard MenaryPublication Date November 2006More Less"This collection is a much-needed remedy to the confusion about which varieties of enactivism are robust yet viable rejections of traditional representationalism approaches to cognitivism – and which are not. Hutto's paper is the pivot around which the expert commentators, enactivists and non-enactivists alike, sketch out the implications of enactivism for a wide variety of issues: perception, emotion, the theory of content, cognition, development, social interaction, and more. The inclusion of thoughtful replies from Hutto gives the volume a further degree of depth and integration often lacking in collections of essays. Anyone interested in assessing the current cutting-edge developments in the embodied and situated sciences of the mind will want to read this book."Ron Chrisley, University of Sussex, UK
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La raison morphologique
Author(s): Bernard FradinPublication Date April 2008More LessCe recueil se compose de treize articles centrés sur la morphologie ou le lexique. Ses auteurs ont tous entretenu des relations de travail avec Danielle Corbin et la plupart sont des linguistes reconnus en morphologie. Au-delà de la diversité des approches, l’originalité de l’ouvrage tient au fait qu’il rassemble des contributions qui mettent en lumière des données nouvelles concernant plusieurs phénomènes peu ou pas décrits auparavant (l’incidence des contraintes prosodiques dans la formation des gentilés, les noms dérivés ambigus entre N de procès et N de propriété (correction), la sémantique des adjectifs dénominaux, l’inhibition dans les adjectifs dérivés d’ethniques en espagnol (Usbekistán / usbekistano), ou encore la morphologie non conventionnelle à travers les lexèmes complexes en -ouille) et des contributions qui débattent de questions théoriques plus classiques : principe de la base unique, frontière entre dérivation et composition, statut des segments fluctuants, relation entre préfixation et catégorisation, dérivation paradigmatique. Les phénomènes traités concernent essentiellement l’espagnol, le français, le grec, l’italien et le portugais.
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(Re)presentations and Dialogue
Editor(s): François Cooren and Alain LétourneauPublication Date November 2012More LessThis edited volume proposes key contributions addressing the connections between two important themes: dialogue and representation. These connections were approached or interpreted in three possible ways: 1. Dialogue as representation, 2. Normative perspectives on dialogue/representation issues, and 3. Representations of dialogue. The first interpretation -- Dialogue as representation -- consists of exploring dialogue as an activity where many things, beings or voices can be made present, whether we think in terms of ideologies, cultures, situations, collectives, roles, etc. The second interpretation – Normative perspectives on dialogue/representation issues – leads scholars to explore questions of normativity, which are often associated with the notion of dialogue, when conceived as a morally stronger form of conversation. Finally, the third interpretation – Representations of dialogue – invites us to address methodological questions related to the representation of this type of conversation. Echoing Bakhtin, contributors were invited to explore the polyphonic, heteroglot, or dialogic character of any text, discourse or interaction.
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Re-Assessing Modalising Expressions
Editor(s): Pascal Hohaus and Rainer SchulzePublication Date November 2020More LessMood, modality and evidentiality are popular and dynamic areas in linguistics. Re-Assessing Modalising Expressions – Categories, co-text, and context focuses on the specific issue of the ways language users express permission, obligation, volition (intention), possibility and ability, necessity and prediction linguistically.
Using a range of evidence and corpus data collected from different sources, the authors of this volume examine the distribution and functions of a range of patterns involving modalising expressions as predominantly found in standard American English, British English or Hong Kong English, but also in Japanese. The authors are particularly interested in addressing (co-)textual manifestations of modalising expressions as well as their distribution across different text-types and thus filling a gap research was unable to plug in the past. Thoughts on categorising or re-categorising modalising expressions initiate and complement a multi-perspectival enterprise that is intended to bring research in this area a step forward.
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Re-Covered Rose
Author(s): Marco SonzogniPublication Date December 2011More LessWhen a reader picks up a book, the essence of the text has been translated into the visual space of the cover. Using Umberto Eco’s bestseller The Name of the Rose as a case study, this is the first study of book cover design as a form of intersemiotic translation based on the purposeful selection of visual signs to represent verbal signs. As an act of translation, the cover of a book ought to be an ‘equivalent representation’ of the text. But in the absence of any established interpretive criteria, how can equivalence between the visual and the verbal be determined and interpreted? Re-Covered Rose tackles this question in an original and creative way, laying the foundation for a new research trend in Translation Studies.
Marco Sonzogni is Senior Lecturer in Italian, School of Languages and Cultures, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. A widely published academic and an award-winning editor, poet and literary translator, he is the Director of the New Zealand Centre for Literary Translation/Te Tumu Whakawhiti Tuhinga.
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Re/reading the past
Editor(s): J.R. Martin and Ruth WodakPublication Date November 2003More LessRe/reading the Past is concerned with the discourses of history, from the complementary perspectives of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). The papers in the book stress the discursive construction of the past, focussing on the different social narratives which compete for official acknowledgement. Issues of collective and cultural memory are addressed, reflecting the "linguistic turn" in the Social Sciences. The book covers a range of discourses, interpreting texts from popular culture to academic discourse including the construction and evaluation of past events in a variety of places around the world. It is especially timely in its focus on the construction of time and value in a post-colonial world where history discourses are central to on-going processes of reconciliation, debates on war crimes, and the issues of amnesty and restitution. As such the book fills a significant gap in interdisciplinary debates as well as in register and genre analysis, and will be of general interest to historians, political scientists and discourse analysts as well as students and teachers of ESP (English for Specific Purposes) and EAP (English for Academic Purposes).
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The Reader and the Text
Author(s): Diana Sorensen GoodrichPublication Date January 1986More LessThe shift toward the reader's task may be said to stem from a double source: the questioning of the sleuthlike approach to a text aiming at the discovery and explication of the author's intended meaning, coupled with the recognition that the work, liberated from its dependence on the authorial voice, will generate a wealth of meanings through acts of reading. Chapter 1 of this volume charts the conventions that operate at the threshold of the textual encounter as preliminary reading contracts which may shape ensuing operations. Chapter 2 shows the extent to which the reader's world knowledge is put to work in and by the decodification process. Chapter 3 sets out to outline how the reader's knowledge of genre and the intertextual repertoire is put to work. After exploring the areas that this hypothetical competence may cover, the study moves toward the related concept of performance in a final chapter entitled "Text Processing." Here again there is an assembly of perspectives through which the reading process is approached: the phenomenology of reading, text theory and semiotics, models of linguistic comprehension, and cognitive psychology have all been put to work in order to throw light on the complex operations presupposed by the act of reading.
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Reader in Czech Sociolinguistics
Editor(s): Jan Chloupek and Jiří NekvapilPublication Date January 1987More LessAlthough in Czechoslovakia sociolinguistics is not institutionalized, some results and approaches of Czech linguistics appear to be sociolinguistic, and that from the viewpoint of other linguistic and scientific traditions in general. The socio-component' of Czech linguistics took shape as early as between the two world wars in the activity of the Prague Linguistic School, and is influenced in a positive way also by a contemporary philosophico-ideological climate. The contents of the present volume include contributions of prominent Czech linguists, especially research workers from academic and university institutions. The papers concentrate on four general subjects: 1) methodological problems, 2) the theory of standard language and language culture, 3) presentation of the linguistic situation in Czechoslovakia, 4) communication in small social groups. All papers are written in English. The volume is primarily intended for those concerned with general linguistics, sociolinguistics, Slavonic studies and Czech studies.
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Reader in the History of Aphasia
Editor(s): Paul ElingPublication Date December 1994More LessThe study of language and the brain is heavily dependent on the work of the early aphasiologists, and those wanting to get acquainted with the discipline will come across frequent references to these classic authors. This collection brings together seminal publications by 19th- and 20th-century neurologists concerned with the relationship between language and the brain. In selecting texts the emphasis was on those parts that deal explicitly with the opinion of an author on language processes as revealed by aphasic phenomena. All texts are presented in English (many of them translated for the first time), and preceded by in-depth introductions by present-day specialists in the field. The book includes biographical sketches of the authors discussed, and bibliographies of their relevant publications. This volume is invaluable for professionals and students who prefer to read the originals instead of leaning on textbook summaries.
Texts by: Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) [Claus Heeschen]; Paul Broca (1824-1880) [Paul Eling]; Carl Wernicke (1848-1905) [Antoine Keyser]; Henry Charlton Bastian (1837-1915) [John C. Marshall]; John Hughlings Jackson (1835-1911) [Bento P.M.Schulte]; Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) [O.R. Hommes]; Jules Dejerine (1849-1917) [W.O.Renier]; Pierre Marie (1853-1940) [Yvan Lebrun]; Arnold Pick (1851-1924) [A.D.Friederici]; Henry Head (1861-1940) [Patrick Hudson]; Kurt Goldstein (1878-1965) [Ria de Bleser]; Norman Geschwind (1926-1984) [Mary-Louise Kean].
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A Reader in the Language of Shakespearean Drama
Author(s): Vivian Salmon and Edwina BurnessPublication Date January 1987More LessIn recent years the language of Shakespearean drama has been described in a number of publications intended mainly for the undergraduate student or general reader, but the studies in academic journals to which they refer are not always easily accessible even though they are of great interest to the general reader and essential for the specialist. The purpose of this collection is therefore to bring together some of the most valuable of these studies which, in discussing various aspects of the language of the early 17th century as exemplified in Shakespearean drama, provide the reader with deeper insights into the meaning of Shakespearean text, often by reference to the social, literary and linguistic context of the time.
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Reading 'La Regenta'
Author(s): Stephanie A. SieburthPublication Date January 1990More LessCriticism of La Regenta has until recently focused on the text's plot as an extraordinarily coherent and convincing fictional world. Stephanie A. Sieburth demonstrates that the devices which produce order in the text are counterbalanced by an equally strong tendency toward entropy of meaning. The narrator is shown to be duplicitous and unreliable in his judgments on characters and events. Without an omniscient narrator, readers must interpret for themselves the complex intertextual structure of the novel. Saints' lives, honor plays, and serial novels each provide partial reflections of Ana Ozores' story. The text becomes a collage of mutually reflecting segments which, like Ana in her moments of self-doubt and madness, ultimately question the function of language and of any overriding interpretation or meaning.
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Reading and Writing Public Documents
Editor(s): Daniël Janssen and Rob NeutelingsPublication Date February 2001More LessGovernments communicate with the public through all kinds of documents: forms, brochures, letters, policy papers, and so on. These public documents have an important role in any democracy and their design very much affects the efficiency with which governments can perform their tasks.
Document designers, linguists and other communication experts in the Netherlands have been studying public documents from a design point of view as well as empirically for decades. In this book, the most prominent of these researchers present the results of their work, collectively giving an overview of various recurring problems in government-to-public communication, and providing suggestions for problem solving.
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Reading Comprehension in Educational Settings
Editor(s): José A. León and Inmaculada EscuderoPublication Date October 2017More LessText comprehension is a critical area of psychological and educational research, and has particular relevance to educational context. The general aim of this international volume Reading Comprehension in Educational Settings is to encourage excellence in research and to bring together teachers, students, researchers and other professionals from different disciplines (e.g. psychology, linguistics, neuroscience, education, information technology, and communication), as well as all those members of the general public who have an interest in the study of reading. The specific objectives of the different chapters in this volume are to analyze existing methods of studying the various aspects of reading comprehension, disseminate results already obtained by research groups working in the field and debate current and future trends in the study of reading.
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Reading for Learning
Author(s): Maria NikolajevaPublication Date June 2014More LessHow does reading fiction affect young people? How can they transfer fictional experience into real life? Why do they care about fictional characters? How does fiction enhance young people's sense of self-hood? Supported by cognitive psychology and brain research, this ground-breaking book is the first study of young readers' cognitive and emotional engagement with fiction. It explores how fiction stimulates perception, attention, imagination and other cognitive activity, and opens radically new ways of thinking about literature for young readers. Examining a wide range of texts for a young audience, from picturebooks to young adult novels, the combination of cognitive criticism and children’s literature theory also offers significant insights for literary studies beyond the scope of children’s fiction. An important milestone in cognitive criticism, the book provides convincing evidence that reading fiction is indispensable for young people’s intellectual, emotional and social maturation.
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Readings in Creole Studies
Editor(s): Ian F. HancockPublication Date January 1979More LessCreole studies embrace a wide range is disciplines: history, ethnography, geography, sociology, etc. The phenomenon of creolization has come to be recognized as widespread; creolization presupposes contact, and that is a human universal. The present anthology discusses social, historical and theoretical aspects of over twenty pidgins and creoles. Part one deals with general theoretical issues, especially those relating to pidgin language formation and expansion. Part two deals with those pidgins and creoles lexically related to indigenous African languages, and with incipient features of creolization in African languages themselves; part three with those related to Romance languages, and part four with those related to English. Throughout the volume, several current debates are taken up, including the still unsettled issues of creole language origins and classification.
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Readings in Second Language Pedagogy and Second Language Acquisition
Editor(s): Asako Yoshitomi, Tae Umino and Masashi NegishiPublication Date June 2006More LessThe selected contributions of this volume focus on various issues related to second language pedagogy and second language acquisition in the Japanese context. Part I covers such topics as discourse pragmatics and cross-cultural pragmatics in language teaching; the instruction of conversation through training in story telling skills; task activities as a means for grammarization in grammar teaching; the development of a computerized speaking test and a proficiency scale for EFL learners; and the social aspects of the language teacher expertise. Part II deals with the cognitive transformation involved in the acquisition of syntactic structures; the application of ZPD to adult learners not only in terms of interpersonal interaction but also through interfacing with other media; examination of learners’ narrative data to analyze linguistic and gestural reference and to investigate learners’ use of phrasal verbs; learner’s strategy use in self-instruction that utilizes audiovisual materials; and network computer technology in computer-assisted language learning.
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Realism and Individualism
Author(s): Mateusz W. Oleksy and Wieslaw OleksyPublication Date February 2015More LessRealism and Individualism. Charles S. Peirce and the Threat of Modern Nominalism discusses the main problems, tenets, assumptions, and arguments involved in Charles S. Peirce's early and late realist stances and subjects to critical scrutiny the still dominant view that Pragmatic Realism merely extends or refines new arguments in support of Scholastic Realism without questioning its basic assumptions. The book presents a critical overview of Peirce’s views on modern nominalism and offers a novel approach to the social-anthropological underpinnings of his realism, especially Pragmatic Realism vis à vis the individualist tendencies in modern thought.
The book is of interest to scholars and students of philosophy, especially students of American pragmatism, anthropology, linguistic pragmatics, as well as to anyone interested in Charles S. Peirce, Duns Scotus, Ockham, and generally to semioticians, social scientists, and sociologists.
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The Reality of Linguistic Rules
Author(s): Susan D. Lima, Roberta Corrigan and Gregory IversonPublication Date November 1994More LessThis volume presents a selection of the best papers from the 21st Annual University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Linguistics Symposium. Researchers from linguistics, psychology, computer science, and philosophy, using many different methods and focusing on many different facts of language, addressed the question of the existence of linguistic rules. Are such rules best seen as convenient tools for the description of languages, or are rules actually invoked by individual language users? Perhaps the most serious challenge to date to the linguistic rule is the development of connectionist architecture. Indeed, these systems must be viewed as a serious challenge to the foundations of all of contemporary linguistics. Four broad themes emerged from the Milwaukee conference, corresponding to the four parts of the volume. Part I centers on arguments for the existence of symbolic rules in linguistic competence and performance. Part II contains arguments against symbolic rules, presenting connectionist models and other alternatives to the symbolic paradigm. Parts III and IV take up two issues that are central to a number of language researchers: Language acquisition and learnability, and modularity. These issues are addressed from within both rule-based and non-rule-based perspectives. Contributors: Farrell Ackerman, Michael Barlow, Catherine Best, David Corina, Roberta Corrigan, Kim Daugherty, Bruce Derwing, Jeff Elman, Alice Faber, John Goldsmith, Helen Goodluck, Neil Jacobs, Richard Janda, Brian Joseph, Michael Kac, Alan Kawamoto, Suzanne Kemmer, Susan Lima, Brian MacWhinney, Steven Pinker, Alan Prince, Gerald Sanders, Hinrich Schutze, Mark Seidenberg, Royal Skousen, Nicholas Sobin, Joseph Stemberger, Gregory Stone, Ann Thyme, Robert Van Valin.
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The Reality of Women in the Universe of the Ancient Novel
Editor(s): María Paz López Martínez, Carlos Sánchez-Moreno Ellart and Ana Belén Zaera GarcíaPublication Date December 2023More LessThis volume gathers chapters related to the condition of women in the ancient novel. To broaden the perspective, it integrates not only papers dealing with the Greek and Roman novel as a literary genre in its own right, but also as a historical document involving aspects as diverse as history, archaeology, sociology and the history of law. The twenty-six contributions in this volume have been divided into thematic blocks, based on the different approaches that the authors have adopted to tackle the subject. The first block is about realia – the reality in which the fiction has been conceived. The second block focuses on the legal problems that can be deduced from the plots of the novels. The third block encompasses deals with the Greek and Roman novel from the point of view of classical philology, literary criticism and literary theory, with chapters dedicated to the tradition of the ancient novel, both in our most immediate cultural area (Middle Ages, Spanish Golden Age) and in other contexts, whether Indo-European (India, Persia) or of a different origin.
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Reanimated Voices
Author(s): Daniel E. CollinsPublication Date July 2001More LessReanimated Voices addresses three activities: reporters evoking speech events; interpreters (re)constituting those speech events; and historical pragmaticians eavesdropping in time on the reporters and interpreters. Can one reconstruct aspects of pragmatic competence on the basis of written texts only? Reanimated Voices answers this in the affirmative. It offers a methodology for historical-pragmatic reconstruction to explain the synchronic patterns of variation in premodern writings.
Reanimated Voices examines the distribution of reporting strategies in a corpus of medieval Russian texts. Forms preferred in specific recurring contexts are matched with the need(s) served by those contexts — a fit reflecting collective intentionality. Occasional “residual forms” -strategies that appear in contexts where others predominate- also reflect cooperative behavior; they index utterances departing from the prototype or unusual configurations of participants. Thus Reanimated Voices explores reporting as an activity of rational agents coordinating interpretation in accordance with cultural and institutional notions of relevance.
This book has won the annual book prize in the category Slavic Linguistics awarded by the American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages.
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Reason and the Passions in the 'Comedias' of Calderón
Author(s): David Jonathan HildnerPublication Date January 1982More LessWhile Calderón's autos portray this teleological view of life with unequaled ingenuity, his comedias lie somewhere on the line of development of European thought and activity between the other-worldiness of orthodox Thomism and the naturalism of which Spinoza's ideas are one example among many. Let us characterize the comedias briefly by stating that the motives which move the dramatic action forward are generally of a teleological nature; that is, they envisage some hypostatized end outside the individual characters. Yet, there are key moments when it becomes apparent to the reader or spectator that these ends have been created and set before the characters by themselves, by the requirements of their social standing in the play, by the manipulating dramatist Calderón, or, in broader terms, by the social climate of the audience for whom these plays were written and performed. Both reason and exalted passions become the preserve of noble blood in Calderón's plays. Whether he is dealing with vengeful husbands, monarchs, usurpers, contemplative men of learning, or saints, the thread of social distinction never disappears. The concern of his characters that they not commit a "low" action, is not simply a Christian concern with avoiding sin. The characters are much more concerned with practicing a virtue which will distinguish them from the vulgar.
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Reassessing Dubbing
Editor(s): Irene Ranzato and Serenella ZanottiPublication Date August 2019More LessDespite a long tradition of scholarship and the vast amount of dubbed audiovisual products available on the global market, dubbing is still relatively underrepresented in audiovisual research. The aim of this volume is to give dubbing research its due by showing that, far from being a doomed or somewhat declining form of AVT, it is being exploited globally in the most diverse and fruitful ways. The contributions to this collection take up the diverse strands that make up the field, to offer a multi-faceted assessment of dubbing on the move, embracing its important historical past as well as present and future developments, thus proving that dubbing has really come a long way and has not been less ready than other AVT modes to respond to the mood of the times. The volume will be of interest for scholars and students of translation studies, audiovisual translation, linguistics, film, television and game studies.
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Recent Advances in Computational Terminology
Editor(s): Didier Bourigault, Christian Jacquemin and Marie-Claude L'HommePublication Date June 2001More LessThis first collection of selected articles from researchers in automatic analysis, storage, and use of terminology, and specialists in applied linguistics, computational linguistics, information retrieval, and artificial intelligence offers new insights on computational terminology. The recent needs for intelligent information access, automatic query translation, cross-lingual information retrieval, knowledge management, and document handling have led practitioners and engineers to focus on automated term handling. This book offers new perspectives on their expectations. It will be of interest to terminologists, translators, language or knowledge engineers, librarians and all others dependent on the automation of terminology processing in professional practices.
The articles cover themes such as automatic thesaurus construction, automatic term acquisition, automatic term translation, automatic indexing and abstracting, and computer-aided knowledge acquisition.
The high academic standing of the contributors together with their experience in terminology management results in a set of contributions that tackle original and unique scientific issues in correlation with genuine applications of terminology processing.
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Recent Advances in Multiword Units in Machine Translation and Translation Technology
Editor(s): Johanna Monti, Gloria Corpas Pastor, Ruslan Mitkov and Carlos Manuel Hidalgo-TerneroPublication Date November 2024More LessThe investigation of phraseology through corpus-based and computational approaches holds significant relevance for various professionals, including translators, interpreters, terminologists, lexicographers, language instructors, and learners. Computational Phraseology, and in particular the computational analysis of multiword expressions (also known as multiword units), has gained prominence in recent years and is essential for a number of Natural Language Processing and Translation Technology applications. The failure to detect these units automatically could result in incorrect and problematic automatic translations and could hinder the performance of applications such as text summarisation and web search. Against this background, the volume offers 13 articles carefully selected and organised into two parts: ‘Computational treatment of multiword units’ and ‘Corpus-based and linguistic studies in phraseology‘. The contributions not only highlight the latest advancements in computational and corpus-based phraseology but also reiterate its vital role in all areas of language technologies, including basic and applied research.
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Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing
Editor(s): Ruslan Mitkov and Nicolas NicolovPublication Date November 1997More LessThis volume is based on contributions from the First International Conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing” (RANLP’95) held in Tzigov Chark, Bulgaria, 14-16 September 1995. This conference was one of the most important and competitively reviewed conferences in Natural Language Processing (NLP) for 1995 with submissions from more than 30 countries. Of the 48 papers presented at RANLP’95, the best (revised) papers have been selected for this book, in the hope that they reflect the most significant and promising trends (and latest successful results) in NLP.
The book is organised thematically and the contributions are grouped according to the traditional topics found in NLP: morphology, syntax, grammars, parsing, semantics, discourse, grammars, generation, machine translation, corpus processing and multimedia. To help the reader find his/her way, the authors have prepared an extensive index which contains major terms used in NLP; an index of authors which lists the names of the authors and the page numbers of their paper(s); a list of figures; and a list of tables.
This book will be of interest to researchers, lecturers and graduate students interested in Natural Language Processing and more specifically to those who work in Computational Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics and Machine Translation.
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Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing
Editor(s): Nicolas Nicolov and Ruslan MitkovPublication Date September 2000More LessThis volume brings together revised versions of a selection of papers presented at the Second International Conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing” (RANLP’97) held in Tzigov Chark, Bulgaria, September 1997. The aim of the conference was to give researchers the opportunity to present new results in Natural Language Processing (NLP) based both on traditional and modern theories and approaches. The conference received substantial interest — 167 submissions from more than 20 countries. The best papers from the proceedings were selected for this volume, in the hope that they reflect the most significant and promising trends (and successful results) in NLP.
The contributions have been grouped according to the following topics: tagging, lexical issues and parsing, word sense disambiguation and anaphora resolution, semantics, generation, machine translation, and categorisation and applications. The volume contains an extensive index.
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Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing III
Editor(s): Nicolas Nicolov, Kalina Bontcheva, Galia Angelova and Ruslan MitkovPublication Date November 2004More LessThis volume brings together revised versions of a selection of papers presented at the 2003 International Conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing”. A wide range of topics is covered in the volume: semantics, dialogue, summarization, anaphora resolution, shallow parsing, morphology, part-of-speech tagging, named entity, question answering, word sense disambiguation, information extraction. Various ‘state-of-the-art’ techniques are explored: finite state processing, machine learning (support vector machines, maximum entropy, decision trees, memory-based learning, inductive logic programming, transformation-based learning, perceptions), latent semantic analysis, constraint programming. The papers address different languages (Arabic, English, German, Slavic languages) and use different linguistic frameworks (HPSG, LFG, constraint-based DCG).
This book will be of interest to those who work in computational linguistics, corpus linguistics, human language technology, translation studies, cognitive science, psycholinguistics, artificial intelligence, and informatics.
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Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing IV
Editor(s): Nicolas Nicolov, Kalina Bontcheva, Galia Angelova and Ruslan MitkovPublication Date December 2007More LessThis volume brings together selected and revised papers from the international conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing”, held in Borovets, Bulgaria, in September 2005. The best papers have been selected for this volume with the aim to reflect the most promising and significant trends in natural language processing. The volume covers a wide variety of topics in Natural Language Processing, including information extraction, indexing, latent semantic analysis, dependency parsing, anaphora and referring expressions, spam analysis, document classification, rhetorical relations, textual entailment, question answering, ontologies, word sense disambiguation, machine translation, treebanks and corpora.
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Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing V
Editor(s): Nicolas Nicolov, Galia Angelova and Ruslan MitkovPublication Date October 2009More LessThis volume brings together revised versions of a selection of papers presented at the Sixth International Conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing” (RANLP) held in Borovets, Bulgaria, 27–29 September 2007. These papers cover a wide variety of Natural Language Processing (NLP) topics: ontologies, named entity extraction, translation and transliteration, morphology (derivational and inflectional), part-of-speech tagging, parsing (incremental processing, dependency parsing), semantic role labeling, word sense disambiguation, temporal representations, inference and metaphor, semantic similarity, coreference resolution, clustering (topic modeling, topic tracking), summarization, cross-lingual retrieval, lexical and syntactic resources, multi-modal processing. The aim of this volume is to present new results in NLP based on modern theories and methodologies, making it of interest to researchers in NLP and, more specifically, to those who work in Computational Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, and Machine Translation.
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Recent Advances in the Study of Spanish Sociophonetic Perception
Editor(s): Whitney ChappellPublication Date November 2019More LessThis book provides a cutting-edge exploration of the social meaning of phonetic variation in the Spanish-speaking world. Its 11 chapters elucidate the ways in which listeners process, perceive, and propagate phonetically motivated social meaning across monolingual and contact varieties, including the Spanish spoken in Spain (Asturias, Catalonia, and Andalusia), Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and the United States. The book presents a wide variety of new and innovative research by renowned scholars, and the chapters examine issues like the influence of visual cues, bilingualism, contact, geographic mobility, and phonotactic predictability on social and linguistic perception. Additionally, the volume engages in timely discussions of intersectionality, replicability, and the future of the field. As the first unified reference on Spanish sociophonetic perception, this volume will be useful in graduate and undergraduate classrooms, in libraries, and on the bookshelf of any scholar interested in Spanish sociophonetics.
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Recent Developments in Functional Discourse Grammar
Editor(s): Evelien Keizer and Hella OlbertzPublication Date November 2018More LessThis volume presents a collection of papers using the theory of Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG) to analyse and explain a number of specific constructions or phenomena (external possessor contructions and binominal constructions, negation, modification, modality, polysynthesis and transparency) from different perspectives, language-specific, comparative and typological. In addition to applying the theory to the topics in question, these papers aim to contribute to the further development of the theory by modifying and extending it on the basis of new linguistic evidence from a range of languages, thus providing the latest state-of-the-art in FDG. The volume as a whole, however, does more than this, as separately and together the papers collected here aim to demonstrate how FDG, with its unique architecture, can provide new insights into a number of issues and phenomena that are currently of interest to theoretical linguists in general.
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Recent Developments in Germanic Linguistics
Editor(s): Rosina L. Lippi-GreenPublication Date November 1992More LessThese are selected papers from the Second Annual Michigan/Berkeley Germanic Linguistics Roundtable held in April of 1991 at Ann Arbor. Topics include the evolution of the gender system, the delineation of the relative clause in historical texts, and language as a political tool in the new Europe.
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Recent Developments in Hispanic Linguistics
Editor(s): Michael Gradoville and Sean McKinnonPublication Date October 2024More LessThis book brings together eleven peer-reviewed chapters of cutting-edge research produced by both established and rising scholars in the field. Given that this volume is inspired by papers from the 25th iteration of the Hispanic Linguistics Symposium, the editors track the development of the field in the last quarter century and have organized the volume into three sections (linguistic structure and variation, US Spanish and heritage speakers, applied linguistics) reflecting current research trends. This edited volume will be a welcome resource for advanced undergraduate students, incoming and advanced graduate students, and researchers in the field, as well as Spanish language educators at all levels.
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Recent Trends in Meaning–Text Theory
Editor(s): Leo WannerPublication Date December 1997More LessThe present volume contains articles of well-known representatives of the Meaning-Text Theory (MTT) and other related linguistic theories.
Founded by I. Mel’cuk and A. Zholkovsky in the sixties in Moscow, MTT soon became known in the West as a “prominent outsider” theory. The picture changed since then, though. MTT gained importance in several areas of linguistics and computational linguistics. It influenced the design of new grammar formalisms such as Dependency Tree Grammars. Also, specific parts of MTT have been directly overtaken into other theories; consider, for example, the work on integrating Lexical Functions into Pustejovsky’s Generative Lexicon.
The present volume is a further convincing demonstration of MTT’s liveliness and relevance to the field’s “burning” issues. The focus of the volume is on semantics, semantic representation and relation of semantics to surface in MTT. Six out of eight articles (Polguère; Escalier & Fournier; Paducheva; St.-Germain; Beck; Bogulavsky) deal with problems related to these topics, while the last two articles of the volume (Sgall and Rambow; Joshi) throw a bridge between MTT, or, more precisely, between dependency-based theories of which MTT is one instantiation, and other linguistic theories.
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Reception Studies and Audiovisual Translation
Editor(s): Elena Di Giovanni and Yves GambierPublication Date June 2018More LessThe coming of age of audiovisual translation studies has brought about a much-needed surge of studies focusing on the audience, their comprehension, appreciation or rejection of what reaches them through the medium of translation. Although complex to perform, studies on the reception of translated audiovisual texts offer a uniquely thorough picture of the life and afterlife of these texts. This volume provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of reception studies related to audiovisual translation and accessibility, from a diachronic and synchronic perspective. Focusing on all audiovisual translation techniques and encompassing theoretical and methodological approaches from translation, media and film studies, it aims to become a reference for students and scholars across these fields.
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Receptive Multilingualism
Editor(s): Jan D. ten Thije and Ludger ZeevaertPublication Date June 2007More LessReceptive multilingualism refers to the language constellation in which interlocutors use their respective mother tongue while speaking to each other. Since the mid-nineties receptive multilingualism is promoted by the European commission on par with other possibilities of increasing the mobility of the European citizens. Throughout the last ten years a marked increase in the research on this topic has been observable. This volume reveals new perspectives from different theoretical frameworks on linguistic analyses of receptive multilingualism in Europe. Case studies are presented from contemporary settings, along with analyses of historical examples, theoretical considerations and, finally, descriptions of didactical concepts established in order to transfer and disseminate receptive multilingual competence. The book contains results from research carried out at the Research Center on Multilingualism at the University of Hamburg as well as contributions by various international scholars working in the field of receptive multilingualism.
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Reciprocal Constructions
Editor(s): Vladimir P. NedjalkovPublication Date November 2007More LessThis monograph constitutes the first comprehensive investigation of reciprocal constructions and related phenomena in the world’s languages. Reciprocal constructions (of the type The two boys hit each other, The poets admire each other’s poems) have often been the subject of language-particular studies, but it is only in this work that a truly global comparative picture emerges. Nine stage-setting chapters dealing with general and theoretical matters are followed by 40 chapters containing in-depth descriptions of reciprocals in individual languages by renowned specialists. The introductory papers provide a conceptual and terminological framework that allows the authors of the individual chapters to characterize their languages in comparable terms, making it easy for the reader to see points of commonality between languages and constructions that have never been compared before. This set of volumes is an indispensable starting point and will be a lasting reference work for any future studies of reciprocals.
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Reciprocals
Editor(s): Zygmunt Frajzyngier and Traci WalkerPublication Date March 2000More LessThe theoretical issues addressed in the present volume are semantic and cognitive properties of reciprocal events, syntactic properties of reciprocals, and the relationship of reciprocals to other grammatical categories. Several papers discuss the history of reciprocal constructions, offering alternative hypotheses regarding the grammaticalization of reciprocals. The formal, functional, typological and historical approaches in the present volume complement each other, contributing together to the understanding of forms, and syntactic and semantic properties of reciprocal markers. Several papers in the present volume make a double contribution to the problems of reciprocal constructions: they provide new descriptive data and they address theoretical issues at the same time.
The languages discussed include: English, Dutch, German, Greek, Polish, Nyulnyulan (Australia), Amharic
(Ethio-Semitic), Bilin (Cushitic), Chadic languages, Bantu, Halkomelem (Salishan), Mandarin, Yukaghir and a number of Oceanic languages. The volume also includes a study of grammaticalization of reciprocals and
reflexives in African languages.
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Reciprocals and Semantic Typology
Editor(s): Nicholas Evans, Alice Gaby, Stephen C. Levinson and Asifa MajidPublication Date August 2011More LessReciprocals are an increasingly hot topic in linguistic research. This reflects the intersection of several factors: the semantic and syntactic complexity of reciprocal constructions, their centrality to some key points of linguistic theorizing (such as Binding Conditions on anaphors within Government and Binding Theory), and the centrality of reciprocity to theories of social structure, human evolution and social cognition. No existing work, however, tackles the question of exactly what reciprocal constructions mean cross-linguistically. Is there a single, Platonic ‘reciprocal’ meaning found in all languages, or is there a cluster of related concepts which are nonetheless impossible to characterize in any single way? That is the central goal of this volume, and it develops and explains new techniques for tackling this question. At the same time, it confronts a more general problem facing semantic typology: how to investigate a category cross-linguistically without pre-loading the definition of the phenomenon on the basis of what is found in more familiar languages.
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Reclaiming Control as a Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomenon
Author(s): Patrick J. DuffleyPublication Date October 2014More LessThis monograph is part of a growing research agenda in which semantics and pragmatics not only complement the grammar, but replace it. The analysis is based on the assumption that human language is not primarily about form, but about form-meaning pairings. This runs counter to the autonomous-syntax postulate underlying Landau (2013)’s Control in Generative Grammar that form must be hived off from meaning and studied separately. Duffley shows control to depend on meaning in combination with inferences based on the nature of the events expressed by the matrix and complement, the matrix subject, the semantic relation between matrix and complement, and a number of other factors.
The conclusions call for a reconsideration of Ariel (2010)’s distinction in Defining Pragmatics between semantics and pragmatics on the basis of cancelability: many control readings are not cancelable although they are pragmatically inferred. It is proposed that the line be drawn rather between what is linguistically expressed and what is not linguistically expressed but still communicated.
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Reconciliation Discourse
Author(s): Annelies VerdoolaegePublication Date February 2008More LessThis volume is a research monograph analysing the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) from an ethnographic/linguistic point of view. The central proposition of this book is that the TRC can be regarded as a mechanism that leads to the hegemony of specific discourses, thus excercising power. The analysis illustrates how, through a certain type of reconciliation discourse constructed at the TRC hearings, a reconciliation-oriented reality took shape in post-TRC South Africa. Basically, the study points to the long-term implications a truth commission can exert on a traumatised post-conflict society. The book is unique on several levels: TRC discourse is explored in-depth on the basis of personal stories from TRC testifiers; a combination of Poststructuralist and Critical Discourse Analysis approaches form the theoretical foundations; and an extensive bibliography provides an impressive database of TRC publications.
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Reconnecting Form and Meaning
Editor(s): Caroline Gentens, Lobke Ghesquière, William B. McGregor and An Van lindenPublication Date February 2023More LessThis volume is intended as a celebration of Kristin Davidse’s work and its impact within the broad traditions of cognitive, functional and usage-based grammars. Reflecting this wide functionalist lens, the contributions develop ideas central to Neo-Firthian theories of grammar (in particular, Semiotic Grammar and SFL), the Prague School, Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG), and broader cognitive-functional (e.g. Construction Grammar) and usage-based approaches (e.g. Entrenchment-and-Conventionalization theory, corpus-based sociolinguistics). The range of topics addressed makes the volume particularly relevant to linguists investigating information structure, construction grammar, functional discourse grammar, spatial deixis, pronoun and case systems, and/or the semantics of verbal constructions.
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Reconnecting Language
Editor(s): Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen, Kristin Davidse and Dirk NoëlPublication Date October 1997More LessAlthough the contributors to this book do not belong to one particular ‘school’ of linguistic theory, they all share an interest in the external functions of language in society and in the relationship between these functions and internal linguistic phenomena. In this sense they all take a functional approach to grammatical issues. Apart from this common starting-point, the contributions share the aim of demonstrating the non-autonomous nature of morphology and syntax, and the inadequacy of linguistic models which deal with syntax, morphology and lexicon in separate, independent components. The recurrent theme throughout the book is the inseparability of lexis and morphosyntax, of structure and function, of grammar and society. The third and more specific common thread is case, which in some contributions is adduced to illustrate the more general point of the link between word form on the one hand and clausal and textual relations on the other hand, while in other papers it is at the centre of the discussion.
The interest of the proposed volume consists in the fact that it brings together the views of leading scholars in functional linguistics of various ‘denominations’ on the place of morphosyntax in linguistic theory. The book provides convincing argumentation against a modular theory with autonomous levels (the dominant framework in mainstream 20th century linguistics) and is a plea for further research into the connections between the lexicogrammar and the linguistic and extralinguistic context.
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Reconstructing Grammar
Editor(s): Spike GildeaPublication Date July 2000More LessComparative linguistics and grammaticalization theory both belong to the broader category of historical linguistics, yet few linguists practice both. The methods and goals of each group seem largely distinct: comparative linguists have by and large avoided reconstructing grammar, while grammaticalization theoreticians have either focused on explaining attested historical change or used internal reconstruction to formulate hypotheses about processes of change. In this collection, some of the leading voices in grammaticalization theory apply their methods to comparative data (largely drawn from indigenous languages of the Americas), showing not only that grammar can be reconstructed, but that the process of reconstructing grammar can yield interesting theoretical and typological insights.
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Reconstructing Non-Standard Languages
Author(s): Lenore A. Grenoble and Jessica KantarovichPublication Date December 2022More LessFocusing on language contact involving Russian, and the linguistic varieties that emerged from that contact in different social settings, this book analyzes issues and methodologies in reconstructing both the linguistic effects of language contact and the social contexts of usage. In-depth analyses of Odessan Russian, a southern Russian contact variety with Yiddish and Ukrainian elements, and Russian lexifier pidgins illustrate the reconstruction process, which involves making the most of all available documentation, particularly literature and stereotypical descriptions. Historical sociolinguistics of this kind straddles the fields of historical linguistics, sociolinguistics, and contact; this book brings together the methods and theories of these areas to show how they can result in a rich reconstruction of linguistic and socially-conditioned variation. We reconstruct the circumstances and social settings that produced this variation, and demonstrate how to reconstruct which variants were used by different types of speakers under different circumstances, and what kinds of social identities they indexed.
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Recontextualizing Context
Author(s): Anita FetzerPublication Date March 2004More LessIn the humanities and social sciences, context is one of those terms which is frequently used and frequently referred to, but hardly made explicit.
This book proposes a model for describing the multifaceted connectedness between language and language use, and between cognitive context, linguistic context, social context and sociocultural context and their underlying principles of well-formedness, grammaticality, acceptability and appropriateness. Combining a range of theoretical frameworks in linguistics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, discourse analysis and philosophy of language, Fetzer goes beyond the unilateral conception of speech and argues for a dialogue outlook on natural-language communication based on dialogue principles and dialogue categories. The most important ones are cooperation, joint production, micro and macro communicative intentions, micro and macro validity claims, co-suppositions, dialogue-common ground and communicative genre.
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Records of Real People
Editor(s): Merja Stenroos and Kjetil V. ThengsPublication Date December 2020More LessEnglish local documents – leases, wills, accounts, letters and the like – provide a unique resource for historical sociolinguistics. Abundant from the early fifteenth century, they represent the language and concerns of people from a wide range of social, institutional and geographical backgrounds. However, as relatively few documents have been available digitally or in print, they have been an underresearched resource.
This volume shows the tremendous potential of late- and post-medieval English local documents: highly variable in language, often colourful, including developing formulae as well as glimpses of actual recorded speech. The volume contains eleven chapters relating to a new resource, A Corpus of Middle English Local Documents (MELD). The first four chapters outline a theoretical and methodological approach to the study of local documents. The remaining seven present studies of different aspects of the material, including supralocalization, local patterns of spelling and morphology, land terminology, punctuation, formulaicness and multilingualism.
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Recreation and Style
Author(s): Brigid MaherPublication Date May 2011More LessThis volume explores the translation of literary and humorous style, including comedy, irony, satire, parody and the grotesque, from Italian to English and vice versa. The innovative and interdisciplinary theoretical approach places the focus on creativity and playful rewriting as central to the translation of humour. Analysing translations of works by Rosa Cappiello, Dario Fo, Will Self and Anthony Burgess, the author explores literary translation as a form of exchange between translated and receiving cultures. In a final case study she recounts her own strategies in translating the work of Milena Agus, exploring humour, creation and recreation from the perspective of the translator and demonstrating the benefits of critical engagement with both the theory and the practice of translation. This unique contribution to the study of humour and literary style in translation will be of interest to scholars of translation, humour, comparative literature, and literary and cultural studies.
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Redefining Trial by Media
Author(s): Simon StathamPublication Date June 2016More LessRedefining Trial by Media: Towards a critical-forensic linguistic interface applies a range of linguistic models to recast trial by media not as a sensationalist and infrequent phenomenon, but as a systematic and routine process. Using critical discourse analysis and cognitive linguistic models, this book builds a Spectrum of Trial by Media which views juries in criminal trials as moulded by ideological media-made constructions of crime. The role of these media constructions is enhanced by the isolation levied on jurors by the linguistic composition of trial language, and reinforced by the language strategies of legal professionals in court. Critically deconstructing media portrayals of crime and forensically examining the language of criminal proceedings, this book offers a redefinition of trial by media which casts the role of the press as much more prevalent in the courtroom trial than is presently appreciated.
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Reduced Parenthetical Clauses as Mitigators
Author(s): Stefan SchneiderPublication Date February 2007More LessWhile parentheticals attract constant attention, they very rarely constitute the main subject of monographs. This book provides a comprehensive account of reduced parenthetical clauses (RPCs) in three Romance languages. Typical French RPCs are je crois, disons, je dirais, je pense, je sais pas, and je trouve. The research draws on 22 corpora of spoken French, Italian, and Spanish comprising a total amount of 3,975,500 words. Its results consist in a typology of the relevant expressions in the three languages, in the understanding of their pragmatic function and of the factors influencing their use, and in the description of their syntactic and prosodic properties. Other findings are that RPCs are not restricted to statements but also occur in questions and that belief verbs are not as frequent as commonly assumed. Although the book is about Romance parentheticals, its conclusions are relevant for other languages.
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Reembedding Translation Process Research
Editor(s): Ricardo Muñoz MartínPublication Date October 2016More LessReembedding Translation Process Research is a rich collection of empirical research papers investigating important new facets of the relationship between translation and cognition. The common thread running through the collection is the notion of “re-embedding” the acts of translating and interpreting—and the ways we understand them. That is, they all aim to re-situate these acts within what we now know about the brain, the powerful relationship of brain and body, and the complex interaction between cognition and the environment in which it is embedded. Each chapter focuses on a particular aspect of the overall notion of re-embedding, thereby expanding the breadth of empirical research about translating. This book refuses Descartes' distinction between mind and brain, and reaffirms the highly dynamic, emergent, and interactive nature of cognitive processes in translation. The overarching conclusion is that translation studies should reconsider, re-embed, any model of translation processes that arises without properly accommodating the interdependence of brain, body, and environment in the emergence of cognition.
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Reference
Editor(s): Laure Gardelle, Laurence Vincent-Durroux and Hélène Vinckel-RoisinPublication Date February 2023More LessThis volume provides an innovative approach to the referential process thanks to its focus on the relationship between conventions and discourse pragmatics. It brings together a cross-section of current research on referential conventions and pragmatic strategies, in a number of different fields (formal and theoretical linguistics, semantics, discourse analysis, psycholinguistics, interactional linguistics, natural language processing), in a variety of verbal and non-verbal languages (English, German, different varieties of French, Indonesian, Belgian sign language) and in a diversity of contexts (the coining of names, language acquisition, second language learning, and various genres such as news articles, narratives, satire or game playing). The volume is meant as a series of thought-provoking studies which place speakers and addressees at the core of the referential act, thus providing evidence on how they negotiate and adjust, depending on the context.
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Reference and Identity in Public Discourses
Editor(s): Ursula Lutzky and Minna NevalaPublication Date October 2019More LessThis volume explores the concepts of reference and identity in public discourses. Its contributions study discourse-specific reference and labelling patterns, both from a historical and present-day perspective, and discuss their impact on self- and other-representation in the construction of identity. They combine multiple methodological approaches, including corpus-based quantitative as well as qualitative ones, and apply them to a range of text types that are or were (intended to be) public, such as letters, newspapers, parliamentary debates, and online communication in the form of reader comments, discussion pages, and tweets. In addition to English, the languages studied include Polish as well as European and Latin American Spanish. The volume is aimed at researchers from different research paradigms in linguistics and related disciplines, such as media communication or the social and cultural sciences, who are interested in the interplay of reference and identity.
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Reference and Referent Accessibility
Editor(s): Thorstein Fretheim and Jeanette K. GundelPublication Date June 1996More LessThe papers in this volume are concerned with the question of how a speaker’s intended referent is interpreted by the addressee. Topics include the interpretation of coreferential vs. disjoint reference, the role of intonation, syntactic form and animacy in reference understanding, and the way in which general principles of utterance interpretation constrain possible interpretations of referring expressions. The collection arises from a workshop on reference and referent accessibility which was held at the 4th International Pragmatics Conference in Kobe, Japan, July 25-30, 1993.
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A Reference Grammar of Romanian
Editor(s): Carmen Dobrovie-Sorin and Ion GiurgeaPublication Date December 2013More LessBased on recent research in formal linguistics, this volume provides a thorough description of the whole system of Romanian Noun Phrases, understood in an extended sense, that is, in addition to nouns, pronouns and determiners, it examines all the adnominal phrases: genitive-marked DPs, adjectives, relative clauses, appositions, prepositional phrases, complement clauses and non-finite modifiers. The book focuses on syntax and the syntax-semantics interface but also includes a systematic morphological description of the language. The implicitly comparative description of Romanian contained in the book can serve as a starting point for the study of the syntax/semantics of Noun Phrases in other languages, regardless of whether or not they are typologically related to Romanian. This book will be of special interest to linguists working on Romanian, Romance languages, comparative linguistics and language typology, especially because Romanian is relevant for comparative linguistics not only as a Romance language, but also as part of the so-called Balkan Sprachbund.
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Reference Point and Case
Author(s): Chongwon ParkPublication Date December 2019More LessThis monograph answers the rarely discussed questions of why complicated grammatical case phenomena exist in Korean and what the connection is between the case forms and their functions. The author argues that the case forms in Korean reflect patterns of the human cognitive process. While this approach may seem rather obvious to non-linguists, it is indeed a novel claim in contemporary linguistic theory. In order to provide technical analyses of Korean case phenomena such as multiple nominative/accusative, non-nominative subject, and adverbial case constructions, this book adopts an independently established descriptive construct known as reference point in the framework of Cognitive Grammar. The author demonstrates that the notion of reference point not only explains a substantially wider set of data, but also leads to a more reasonable generalization. The intended readership of this book are researchers who are interested in case phenomena, irrespective of their theoretical orientation.
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Referencias culturales
Editor(s): Mireia López-Simó, Pedro Mogorrón Huerta and Analía Cuadrado ReyPublication Date December 2024More LessReferencias culturales: retos en la traducción de la fraseología y del lenguaje de especialidad aspira a ser una contribución seria a la problemática de la traducción de culturemas. Este volumen colectivo reune a investigadores con lenguas de trabajo distantes o enraizadas en un tronco común (francés-español, inglés-español, chino-español, ruso-español, rumano-francés e italiano-inglés) que, basándose en corpus que abarcan géneros tan diversos como la prensa, las redes sociales, el cine, el comic o los repositorios instucionales, analizan, desde una óptica comparativa y/o traductológica, un amplio espectro de estructuras fraseológicas y terminológicas en las que las nociones de lengua y cultura son indisociables y plantean innumerables desafíos al traductor.
This volume aims to be a serious contribution to the issue of translating culture-specific elements. It brings together researchers with distant or related working languages: French-Spanish, English-Spanish, Chinese-Spanish, Russian-Spanish, Romanian-French and Italian-English. Based on corpora covering diverse genres such as press, social networks, cinema, comics or institutional repositories, they analyze, from a comparative and/or translation perspective, a wide spectrum of phraseological and terminological structures in which the notions of language and culture are inseparable and pose countless challenges to the translator.
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Referring Expressions in English and Japanese
Author(s): Etsuko YoshidaPublication Date June 2011More LessIt is a major challenge for linguists to explore the relations between referential choice and the discourse structure in dialogues, because, unlike written modes of discourse, dialogue as an interactional mode of discourse needs careful treatment for linguistic analysis. This book investigates how discourse entities are linked with topic chaining and discourse coherence by showing that the choice and the distribution of referring expressions is correlated with center transition patterns in the centering framework. It provides original empirical research into the use of referring expressions in English and Japanese task-based dialogues, and applies and extends theoretical frameworks which attempt to account for local and global discourse coherence. Using a discourse-based integrated approach to anaphora resolution, Yoshida proposes a unified account on the patterns of use of referring expressions. The book will be of interest to discourse analysts, computational linguists, scholars of semantics and pragmatics, and cross-linguistics researchers.
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Reflections on Language and Language Learning
Editor(s): Marcel Bax and C. Jan-Wouter ZwartPublication Date January 2002More LessIn Reflections on Language and Language Learning: In honour of Arthur van Essen, thirty-one leading language scholars and educational linguists in the Netherlands and abroad with whom over the years Professor van Essen, one of the grandees of applied linguistics, has collaborated provide original essays and studies which discuss the most recent insights and trends in the fields of linguistics and foreign language teaching. While interdisciplinary in scope, the volume encompasses theoretical advances in (educational) linguistic thinking; for example, the perceptive articles written by Michael Byram, Christopher N. Candlin, Natalia Gvishiani, Peter Jordens, Jan Koster, Leo van Lier, and Bondi Sciarone — as well as a sample of the latest methodological developments in areas such as ELT, LSP, and content-based language teaching; cases in point are the useful contributions by Jeanine Deen & Hilde Hacquebord, Michaël Goethals, Paul Meara & Ignacio Rodríguez Sánchez, Rosamond Mitchell & Christopher Brumfit, and Uta Thürmer.
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Reflections on Translation Theory
Author(s): Andrew ChestermanPublication Date April 2017More LessOriginally published in different journals and collected volumes, these papers in conceptual analysis cover some central topics in translation theory and research: types of theory and hypothesis; causality and explanation; norms, strategies and so-called universals; translation sociology, and ethics. There are critical reviews of Catford’s theory, and of Skopos theory, and of Kundera’s views on literary translation, and detailed analyses of the literal translation hypothesis and the unique items hypothesis. The methodological discussions, which draw on work in the philosophy of science, will be of special relevance to younger researchers, for example those starting work on a doctorate. Some of the arguments and positions defended – for instance on the significant status of conceptual, interpretive hypotheses, and the ideal of consilience – relate to wider ongoing debates, and will interest any scholar who is concerned about the increasing fragmentation of the field and about the future of Translation Studies. Let the dialogue continue!
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Reflexive Marking in the History of French
Author(s): Richard WaltereitPublication Date June 2012More LessWhile French reflexive clitics have been widely studied, other forms of expressing co-reference within the clause have not received much attention. This monograph offers a diachronic study of the wider system of clause-mate co-reference in French, including the stressed pronouns, their suffixed form {soi/lui/elle}-même, and also the intensifier use of the latter. Its empirical backbone is a corpus analysis of the gradual replacement of stressed reflexive soi with the personal pronoun lui/elle from Old to Modern French. Apart from offering insights into the history of the language, this is important for current issues in theoretical linguistics, in particular binding, specificity, and the interaction of grammar and discourse. Within a cognitive-semantic framework, a number of analyses will help elucidate some long-standing puzzles in the study of French reflexives, while contributing to the wider theory of reflexivity and related issues. This book is of interest to the fields of French linguistics, semantics, discourse studies, and historical linguistics.
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The Reflexive Nature of Consciousness
Author(s): Greg JanzenPublication Date March 2008More LessCombining phenomenological insights from Brentano and Sartre, but also drawing on recent work on consciousness by analytic philosophers, this book defends the view that conscious states are reflexive, and necessarily so, i.e., that they have a built-in, “implicit” awareness of their own occurrence, such that the subject of a conscious state has an immediate, non-objectual acquaintance with it. As part of this investigation, the book also explores the relationship between reflexivity and the phenomenal, or “what-it-is-like,” dimension of conscious experience, defending the innovative thesis that phenomenal character is constituted by the implicit self-awareness built into every conscious state. This account stands in marked contrast to most influential extant theories of phenomenal character, including qualia theories, according to which phenomenal character is a matter of having phenomenal sensations, and representationalism, according to which phenomenal character is constituted by representational content. (Series A)
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Reflexives
Editor(s): Zygmunt Frajzyngier and Traci WalkerPublication Date March 2000More LessThe importance of reflexive markers in the study of language structure cannot be underestimated: they participate in the coding of the argument structure of a clause; in the coding of semantic relations between arguments and verbs; in the coding of the relationship between arguments; in the coding of aspect; in the coding of point of view; and in the Coding of the information structure of a clause.
The present volume offers an approach to reflexive forms and functions from several perspectives: a formal approach where reflexives are discussed within a well-defined model of language representation; a typological approach; a historical approach concentrating on grammaticalization of reflexives and on the changes that pronouns and anaphors undergo; and a functionalist approach where functions of reflexive forms are described. The languages from which data were drawn represent a wide variety of language families and language types: English, Old English, Dutch, German, Tsakhur (Nakh-Dagestanian), Spanish, French, Bantu and Chadic languages. The variety of languages discussed and the different approaches taken complement each other in that each contributes an important piece to the understanding of reflexives in a cross-linguistic perspective.
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Refurbishing our Foundations
Author(s): Charles F. HockettPublication Date January 1987More LessThis essay challenges several patterns of thinking common in twentieth-century linguistics. The most pervasive of these is our habit of looking at language from the point of view of the speaker. When we take, instead, that of the hearer, matters fall into place in a new way. In syntax, we are led to examine the evidence available to hearers for interpreting what they hear, and this reveals both the true nature and the locus existendi of “deep structure”. Chomsky's 1957 diagnosis of the then prevalent syntactic theory is upheld, though his proposed remedy is not. The principle of Gestalt perception yields a characterization of the word quite different from Bloomfield's classic definition, lending support of new kind to Pike's mid-century views of the relation between phonemics and grammar. In morphology, assuming the hearer's standpoint forces the abondonment of the “atomic morpheme” that has prevailed in America since the post-Bloomfieldians, together with much of classical morphophonemics, and by a domino effect this in turn undermines much of generative phonology.
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Register Variation in Indian English
Author(s): Chandrika BalasubramanianPublication Date November 2009More LessRegister Variation in Indian English constitutes the first large-scale empirical investigation of an international variety of English. Using a combination of the corpus compiled for this project and relevant sections of ICE-India as its database, this work tests existing descriptions and characterizations of English in India, and provides the first empirical account of register variation in Indian English (or indeed, any international variety of English). Included in this survey are linguistic features that have been examined before and others that have not. From an empirical standpoint, it comments on the process of Indianization of the English used in India. The book will be of interest to readers beyond specialists of Indian English as it is one of very few studies to undertake a large-scale corpus analysis for the purpose of dialect research. The book provides a model on which future studies of international Englishes can be based.
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The Regularity of the 'Irregular' Verbs and Nouns in English
Author(s): Elena Even-Simkin and Yishai TobinPublication Date September 2013More LessThis volume presents an in-depth study of the so-called irregular Past Tense (sing/sang) and Noun Plural (foot/feet) forms with Internal Vowel Alternation (IVA) in English demonstrating that they possess both a fixed phonological and semantic regularity. The innovative sign-oriented analysis and inductive methodology employed in this study are further supported by additional first language acquisition data, experimental studies and historical evidence. The data culled from multiple linguistic anthologies, dictionaries and thesauri have shown that although the IVA process comprises a relatively small number of nominal and verbal forms in Modern English, IVA, originally, was a prevalent and productive process in Old English, Indo-European and other language families. The results of this empirical study present and introduce a novel classification based on the regular and systematic iconic-phonological and semantic nature of all these diverse IVA processes both nominal and verbal that has been maintained throughout the history of English.
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Reinmars Women
Author(s): William E. JacksonPublication Date January 1981More LessReinmar der Alte, the twelfth-century poet also known as Reinmar von Hagenau, wrote a considerable number of ‘Frauenlieder’ and ‘Frauenstrophen’, i.e. poems and stanzas in which the speaker is a woman. However, there has never been a satisfactory scholarly treatment of these poems. Throughout the history of scholarship dealing with his works, the evaluation has been based mainly on a characterization of his personality. This volume tries to fill this gap by presenting and analysing the Woman’s Song of Reinmar.
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Relationships in Organized Helping
Editor(s): Claudio Scarvaglieri, Eva-Maria Graf and Thomas Spranz-FogasyPublication Date September 2022More LessThis edited volume offers up-to-date research on the interactive building and managing of relationships in organized helping. Its contributions address this core of helping in psychotherapy, coaching, doctor-patient interaction, and digital helping interaction and document and analyze essential communicative practices of relationship management. A summarizing contribution identifies common dimensions of relationship management across the different helping contexts and thereby provides a framework for understanding and researching how interactive practices and helping relationships are interconnected. The volume brings together researchers and practitioners and merges academic approaches to studying relationships with practical knowledge about verbal helping in these settings. The book is intended for scholars in the field of organized helping as well as for students and researchers of communication and discourse / conversation analysis in professional and organized contexts. It is also addressed to practitioners interested in learning more about the micro- and meso-management of their working relationships.
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Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas
Editor(s): Bernard Comrie and Zarina Estrada-FernándezPublication Date September 2012More LessPatterns of relative clause formation tend to vary according to the typological properties of a language. Highly polysynthetic languages tend to have fully nominalized relative clauses and no relative pronouns, while other typologically diverse languages tend to have relative clauses which are similar to main or independent clauses. Languages of the Americas, with their rich genetic diversity, have all been under the influence of European languages, whether Spanish, English or Portuguese, a situation that may be expected to have influenced their grammatical patterns. The present volume focuses on two tasks: The first deals with the discussion of functional principles related to relative clause formation: diachrony and paths of grammaticalization, simplicity vs. complexity, and formalization of rules to capture semantic-syntactic correlations. The second provides a typological overview of relative clauses in nine different languages going from north to south in the Americas.
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Relative Clauses in Time and Space
Author(s): Rachel HenderyPublication Date July 2012More LessThis book presents a comprehensive survey of historically attested relative clause constructions from a diachronic typological perspective. Systematic integration of historical data and a typological approach demonstrates how typology and historical linguistics can each benefit from attention to the other. The diachronic behaviour of relative clauses is mapped across a broad range of genetically and geographically diverse languages. Central to the discussion is the strength of evidence for what have previously been claimed to be ‘natural’ or even ‘universal’ pathways of change. While many features of relative clause constructions are found to be remarkably stable over long periods of time, it is shown that language contact seems to be the crucial factor that does trigger change when it occurs. These results point to the importance of incorporating the effects of language contact into models of language change rather than viewing contact situations as exceptional. The findings of this study have implications for the definition of relative clauses, their syntactic structures and the relationships between the different ‘subtypes’ of this construction, as well as offering new directions for the integration of typological and historical linguistic research.
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Relevance Theory
Editor(s): Manuel Padilla CruzPublication Date October 2016More LessHow hearers arrive at intended meaning, which elements encode processing instructions in certain languages, how procedural meaning and prosody interact, how diverse types of utterances are interpreted, how epistemic vigilance mechanisms work, which linguistic elements assist those mechanisms, how a critical attitude to information and informers develops when a second language is learnt, or why some perlocutionary effects originate are some of the varied issues that have intrigued pragmatists, and relevance theorists in particular, and continue to fuel research. In this collection readers will discover new proposals based on the cognitive framework put forward by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson three decades ago. Their gripping, insightful and stimulating discussions, combined in some cases with meticulous and in-depth analyses, show the directions relevance theory has recently followed. Moreover, this collection also unveils fruitful and promising interactions with areas like morphology, prosody, language typology, interlanguage pragmatics, machine translation, or rhetoric and argumentation, and avenues for future research.
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Relevance Theory
Editor(s): Robyn Carston and Seiji UchidaPublication Date March 1998More LessThis collection of papers arises from a meeting of relevance theorists held in Osaka, May 29-30, 1993. Speakers at the conference included both of the originators of the theory, Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson, the editors of this volume and several other Japanese linguists and pragmatists, all of whose work is included.
The full breadth and richness of relevance theory is represented here, both in its applications to problems of utterance interpretation, that fall squarely within the domain of pragmatics, and its implications for linguistic semantics. Several papers investigate and assess the theory’s account of figurative uses of language, such as irony, metaphor and metonymy. Other central pragmatic issues include a relevance-driven account of generalized implicature, the role of bridging implicatures in reference assignment, the way in which different intonation patterns contribute to the relevance of an utterance and the application of the theory to literary texts. The recently developed semantic distinction between conceptually and procedurally encoded meaning, motivated by relevance-theoretic considerations, is employed in new accounts of several Japanese particles and in a fresh perspective on the phenomenon of metalinguistic negation.
The volume comes with a comprehensive glossary of relevance-theoretic terms.
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Relevance Theory, Figuration, and Continuity in Pragmatics
Editor(s): Agnieszka PiskorskaPublication Date May 2020More LessThe chapters in this volume apply the methodology of relevance theory to develop accounts of various pragmatic phenomena which can be associated with the broadly conceived notion of style. Some of them are devoted to central cases of figurative language (metaphor, metonymy, puns, irony) while others deal with issues not readily associated with figurativeness (from multimodal communicative stimuli through strong and weak implicatures to discourse functions of connectives, particles and participles). Other chapters shed light on the use of specific communicative styles, ranging from hate speech to humour and humorous irony.
Using the relevance-theoretic toolkit to analyse a spectrum of style-related issues, this volume makes a case for the model of pragmatics founded upon inference and continuity, understood as the non-existence of sharply delineated boundaries between classes of communicative phenomena.
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Remedies against the Pandemic
Editor(s): Nadine Thielemann and Daniel WeissPublication Date August 2023More LessThe present volume offers a fresh perspective on political top-down crisis communication across several countries during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. This includes how leaders address the growing awareness of the dangerous impact of social restrictions, along with the controversies surrounding the first vaccination campaigns. Not limited to the Western world, it also offers insights from six East European countries, Uganda, India, and Palestine. Topics discussed range from inconsistent communication patterns to populist xenophobic accents, propagandistic campaigns on vaccines, the impact of authoritarian systems on crisis communication, the contrast between scientific and African folk medicine, and the use of war metaphors.
By adopting a comparative perspective, this volume contributes to the growing body of literature on crisis communication during the pandemic, while highlighting important issues and perspectives that have yet to be extensively explored. Moreover, it aims to bridge the gap between linguistic and communication research on leadership communication during times of crisis, stimulating an interdisciplinary dialogue.
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Renaissance Man
Editor(s): Tommi Alho, Jason Finch and Roger D. SellPublication Date November 2019More LessHere friends of Anthony W. Johnson honour him as a re-embodiment of the polymathic artist-scholar figure once observable in Ben Jonson, on whom he has done some of his most distinctive work. Part I of the book reflects his strong grounding in English literature and culture of the seventeenth century, with essays, not only on Ben Jonson, but also on university drama, on grammar school drama, and on humanist literary taste. Part II responds to his pioneering flights of culture-imagological time-travel to other periods, with essays on riddles through the ages, on Matthew Arnold’s doubts about Homeric pictorialism, and on anciently comic elements in George Gissing’s urban fiction. Part III celebrates his importance, both as scholar and artist, for the present day, with essays extending imagological analysis to the singer Nick Drake, to the avant-garde Danish poet Morten Søkilde, and to Sean S. Baker’s film Tangerine, plus a climactic celebration of Johnson’s own performances on solo violin and guitar as augmented by self-recording.
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Reorganising Grammatical Variation
Editor(s): Antje Dammel, Matthias Eitelmann and Mirjam SchmuckPublication Date October 2018More LessWith most studies on grammatical variation concentrating on the synchronic level, a systematic investigation of long-term grammatical variation within the context of language change, i.e. from a predominantly diachronic perspective, has largely remained a desideratum. The present volume fills this research gap by bringing together nine empirically rich bottom-up case studies on morphological and morphosyntactic variation phenomena in standard and dialect varieties of Indo-European languages (Germanic, Romance, Greek). While variation has often been regarded as merely a transitory epiphenomenal symptom of change, the findings of this volume show that variation is a resilient feature of human language and answer the question what makes variation time-stable. Bridging the gap between corpus-based research on language variation and more theory-driven typological and functional approaches, the volume is of special interest for all researchers concerned with interface phenomena seeking to gain a broader understanding of the mechanisms of linguistic variation and change.
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Repetition in Arabic Discourse
Author(s): Barbara JohnstonePublication Date August 1991More LessIn this examination of expository prose in contemporary Arabic, structural and semantic repetition is found to be responsible both for linguistic cohesion and for rhetorical force. Johnstone identifies and discusses repetitive features on every level of analysis. Writers in Arabic use lexical couplets consisting of conjoined synonyms, which create new semantic paradigms as they evoke old ones. Morphological roots and patterns are repeated at close range, and this creates phonological rhyme as well. Regular patterns of paraphrase punctuate texts, and patterns of parallelism mark the internal structure of their segments. Johnstone offers an explanation for how repetition of all these kinds can serve persuasive ends by creating rhetorical presence, and discusses how the Arabic language and the Arab-Islamic cultural tradition especially lend themselves to this rhetorical strategy. She suggests, however, that discourse repetition serves a crucial function in the ecology of any language, as the mechanism by which speakers evoke and create underlying paradigmatic structure in their syntagmatic talk and writing.
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Reported Discourse
Editor(s): Tom Güldemann and Manfred von RoncadorPublication Date September 2002More LessThe present volume unites 15 papers on reported discourse from a wide genetic and geographical variety of languages. Besides the treatment of traditional problems of reported discourse like the classification of its intermediate categories, the book reflects in particular how its grammatical, semantic, and pragmatic properties have repercussions in other linguistic domains like tense-aspect-modality, evidentiality, reference tracking and pronominal categories, and the grammaticalization history of quotative constructions.
Almost all papers present a major shift away from analyzing reported discourse with the help of abstract transformational principles toward embedding it in functional and pragmatic aspects of language.
Another central methodological approach pervading this collection consists in the discourse-oriented examination of reported discourse based on large corpora of spoken or written texts which is increasingly replacing analyses of constructed de-contextualized utterances prevalent in many earlier treatments.
The book closes with a comprehensive bibliography on reported discourse of about 1.000 entries.
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Reported Speech
Editor(s): Theo Janssen and Wim van der WurffPublication Date September 1996More LessIn sentences containing reported speech, thought, or perception, it is possible to distinguish different voices or views, associated with different discourse roles. They originate in two different clauses: one clause signals a reporting situation, and the other a reported situation.
This volume examines the methods used for combining these two types of clauses in a range of languages. In each of the contributions, the focus is on the forms and functions of verbs; topics dealt with include the meaning of tense, mood, and aspect (and their interaction) in the various types of reported speech, the speech act status of reported utterances, correlations between reporting verbs and verbs in reported clauses (and the conjunctions introducing them), and possible intra-systemic and cross-linguistic correlations of these properties.
The articles concentrate on the Slavic languages Russian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian, Croatian, and Slovene, the Romance languages Latin, Old and Modern French, and Spanish, the Germanic languages Swedish, German, Dutch, and English, the Indo-Iranian language Bengali, and Mandarin Chinese.
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Representational Deficits in SLA
Editor(s): Neal Snape, Yan-kit Ingrid Leung and Michael Sharwood SmithPublication Date January 2009More LessThe main focus of this collection is to explore the question of “representational deficits” in second language acquisition, currently a much-debated topic. The volume is intended as a tribute to Roger Hawkins, a leading scholar in generative second language acquisition, whose research has been devoted to explaining lack of native-like success in terms of representational deficits. The papers in this volume feature a range of studies, all undertaken within a generative linguistic framework, which investigate various properties of L2 grammar bearing on the question of whether or not there are representational deficits in the post-critical-period L2 learners’ grammar. The significance of such deficits, if their existence can be confirmed, is that they provide support for the claim, at least for the type of L2 learner under investigation, that there are insurmountable obstacles to ultimate attainment.
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Representations and Othering in Discourse
Author(s): Beyza Ç. TekinPublication Date November 2010More LessThis volume examines the construction of Turkey's possible European Union accession in French political discourse. In today's France, heated debates regarding Turkey's EU membership are turning into an essential part of European identity formation. Once again, the 'Turkish Other' functions as a mirror for defining not only the 'European Self', but also European values. By providing a genuine and multi-disciplinary approach for studying the Otherness attributed to Turkey, this book contributes to our understanding of the Self/Other nexus in International Relations. Within a Critical Discourse Analysis framework, this study explores the socio-historical basis of the construction of Turkey's Otherness in an attempt to identify the processes through which past memories, representations, images and fantasies regarding Turkey are inserted into the French social imaginary. Focusing on these significations, which are (re)produced and become manifest through language, this book strives to uncover the link between discourse and political action.
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Represented Discourse, Resonance and Stance in Joking Interaction in Mexican Spanish
Author(s): Minerva Oropeza-EscobarPublication Date March 2011More LessThe book provides a new angle for the study of otherwise amply discussed discourse and interactional phenomena. The new perspective consists in addressing the interconnections between resonance, stance, represented discourse and joking in Mexican conversational discourse. In so doing, it contributes to a better understanding of the interplay between collaboration, intersubjectivity and emergence, among other relevant issues. Scholars and advanced students concerned with dialogic syntax theory, stance theory and Spanish, will find the present analysis interesting and innovative. However, the writing and methodology, based on clearly discussed and presented examples from selected conversational excerpts, including graphic representations of linguistic and discourse data, makes the analysis easy to follow also to non-specialists. The book is thus interesting to a broad circle of readers, whether they are concerned with any of the issues dealt with or with their mutual connections, whether they are specialists or not.
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Representing the Exotic and the Familiar
Editor(s): Meenakshi Bharat and Madhu GroverPublication Date November 2019More LessThe multicultural world of today is often said to be marked by a certain kind of exoticization: a “fetishizing process”, as Graham Huggan has called it, which separates a “first world” from a “third world”, the Occident from the Orient. The essays collected here re-assess this tendency, not least by focusing on the kinds of intellectual tourism and dilettantism to which it has given rise. The wider context of these analyses is a postcolonial scenario where literatures and languages can move from the “exotic” to the comparatively “familiar” space of contemporary writings; where an exotic mythos can live on into the familiar present; and where certain perceptions and representations of peoples, of literatures, and of languages have turned exoticization and familiarization into global modes of mass-cultural consumption. Especially by exploring the liminalities between different cultures, this collection manages to trace both the history and the politics of exoticist representation and, in so doing, to make a significant critical intervention.
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Representing the Other in European Media Discourses
Editor(s): Jan Chovanec and Katarzyna Molek-KozakowskaPublication Date December 2017More LessThis book deals with the construction of the ‘other’ in European media at a time when the recently expanded EU is facing new political, economic and social challenges. The aim of the book is to document the diverse discursive forms of othering, ranging from differentiation to discrimination, that are directed against various ‘other Europeans’ in both institutionalized media and such non-elite semi-public contexts as discussion forums and citizen blogs. Drawing on data from British, Polish, French, Czech, Italian, Hungarian, Spanish and Estonian contexts, the individual papers investigate how various social groupings – regions, nations, ethnicities, communities, cultures – are discursively constructed as ‘outsiders’ rather than ‘insiders’, as ‘them’ rather than ‘us’. While most of the papers are grounded in linguistics and critical discourse studies, the book will also appeal to numerous other social scientists interested in the interface between language, media and social issues.
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Representing Wine – Sensory Perceptions, Communication and Cultures
Author(s): Rosario Caballero, Ernesto Suárez-Toste and Carita ParadisPublication Date October 2019More LessWine culture is a complex phenomenon of increasing importance in modern society, and it combines the joys of wine appreciation with the frustrations of trying to verbally communicate sensory impressions. While wine appreciation is traditionally characterized as joyously convivial in its social dimension, sensory impressions remain eminently private. This contrast explains why the language used to represent wine, or winespeak, is the object of increasing crossdisciplinary interest.
This book analyzes the many different forms / many of the different forms of representing wine in present-day society, with a special emphasis on winespeak, starting from the premise that such study demands a genre approach to the many different communities involved in the wine world: producers/ critics/ merchants/ consumers. By combining the methodologies of Cognitive Linguistics and discourse analysis, the authors analyze extensive real-life corpora of wine reviews and multimodal artifacts (labels, advertisements, documentaries) to reflect on the many inherent difficulties but also to highlight the rich and creative figurative strategies employed to compensate for the absence of a proper wine jargon of a more unambiguous nature.
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Request Sequences
Author(s): Carmen Taleghani-NikazmPublication Date May 2006More LessThis monograph provides a micro-analytic description of instances of requests in everyday German conversation. Using the framework of CA, the study systematically analyzes the grammatical and syntactical structure of the request-turn and its response and of the conversational exchanges before and within the request base sequence, and the placement of the request sequence within the larger social interaction. Through an empirical analysis of individual cases of request sequences in German, the monograph describes in detail: (a) how speakers employ grammar and syntax as resources to construct turns at talk and accomplish the social action of request; (b) how speakers use grammatical and syntactical forms of the language to coordinate the production of the social action of requests; (c) how speakers use grammar and syntax as interactional resources to manage affiliative and remedial work (i.e., face work) when performing delicate social actions such as requests; and (d) how the context of the request activity impacts the grammatical and syntactical constructions of speakers’ utterances. Additionally, the monograph demonstrates that both the grammatical construction of turns and their placement within the talk are oriented to the sequential context of the interaction.
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Request Strategies
Author(s): Yong-Ju Rue and Grace ZhangPublication Date June 2008More LessThis book investigates request strategies in Mandarin Chinese and Korean, and is one of the first attempts to address cross-cultural strategies employed in the speech act of requests in two non-Western languages. The data, drawn from role-plays and naturally recorded conversations, complement each other in terms of exhaustiveness and authenticity.
This study explores the similarities and differences of the request patterns that emerged in the Chinese and Korean data, and the intricate relation between request strategies and social factors (such as power and distance). The findings raise questions about the influence of methodology on data, and the applicability of so called universals to East Asian languages. They also offer new insights into generally held ideas of directness and requesting behaviours in Chinese and Korean, and the problems of cross-cultural and cross-linguistic communication. This research is suggestive for the disciplines of cross-cultural pragmatics, cross-cultural communication, contrastive linguistics, applied linguistics and discourse analysis.
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Requesting in Social Interaction
Editor(s): Paul Drew and Elizabeth Couper-KuhlenPublication Date December 2014More LessThere has been a remarkable revival of interest in how we conduct social actions in interaction – particularly in requesting, where recent research into video-recorded face-to-face interaction has taken our understanding in novel directions. This collection brings together some of the latest, cutting-edge research into requesting by leading international practitioners of Conversation Analysis. The studies trace a line of conceptual development from ‘directive’ to ‘recruitment’, and explore the acquisitional, cultural, situational and species-specific differentiation of forms for requesting in human social interaction.They represent the latest explorations into the complexities and controversies associated with the apparently simple but essential matter of how we ask another to do something for us.
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Requests in American and British English
Author(s): Ilka FlöckPublication Date August 2016More LessThis volume encompasses a thorough examination of the use of request strategies on two contrastive dimensions. On the cross-cultural dimension, it compares the use of British and American English request strategies in naturally occurring informal conversations. The conversational data are retrieved from the International Corpus of English (ICE) and the Santa Barbara Corpus of Spoken American English. On the methodological dimension, it systematically compares request strategies and their frequency distributions in the conversational data to questionnaire-based requests. Highlighting various instrument-induced effects, the volume challenges the validity of one of the most widely used and accepted data collection tools in pragmatics research, the DCT.
The extensive data analysis contained in the volume includes a wide range of linguistic variables including mitigating and aggravating modification strategies and their interaction with head act directness levels. While it focuses on the first-pair part, the book also offers an analysis of request responses from a cross-cultural perspective.
The findings of the study contribute new insights to research on requests, politeness, variational pragmatics, and general research methodology.
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Research in Afroasiatic Grammar
Editor(s): Jacqueline Lecarme, Jean Lowenstamm and Ur ShlonskyPublication Date June 2000More LessThis volume presents a selection of papers from the 3rd Conference on Afroasiatic Languages, held in Sophia Antipolis, France, in 1996. The languages discussed include (varieties of) Arabic, Hebrew, Berber, Chaha, Wolof, and Old Egyptian.
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Research in Afroasiatic Grammar II
Editor(s): Jacqueline LecarmePublication Date October 2003More LessThis volume contains 22 of the papers presented at the 5th Conference on Afroasiatic Languages (CAL 5) held at Université Paris VII in June 2000.The authors report their latest research on the syntax, morphology, and phonology of quite a number of languages (Arabic, Hebrew, Amharic, Tigrinya, Coptic Egyptian, Berber, Hausa, Beja, Somali, Gamo). The articles discuss new solutions to familiar questions such as the free state/construct state alternation of nouns, the Semitic template system, and the morphosyntax of nominal and verbal plurality. Ten of the papers center on morphology, especially the relation of phonology to syntax and morphology; others address questions at the syntax/semantics/pragmatics interface; two papers also offer comparative and historical perspectives. Taken as a whole, the papers provide an accurate picture of the state of current research in Afroasiatic linguistics, containing important new data and new analyses. Given its coverage, the book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in Afroasiatic languages and theoretical linguistics.
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Research in Second Language Processing and Parsing
Editor(s): Bill VanPatten and Jill JegerskiPublication Date December 2010More LessThis volume is the first dedicated to the growing field of theory and research on second language processing and parsing. The fourteen papers in this volume offer cutting-edge research using a number of different languages (e.g., Arabic, Spanish, Japanese, French, German, English) and structures (e.g., relative clauses, wh-gaps, gender, number) to examine various issues in second language processing: first language influence, whether or not non-natives can achieve native-like processing, the roles of context and prosody, the effects of working memory, and others. The researchers include both established scholars and newer voices, all offering important insights into the factors that affect processing and parsing in a second language.
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Research Methods in the Study of L2 Writing Processes
Editor(s): Rosa M. Manchón and Julio Roca de LariosPublication Date October 2023More LessThis volume brings together the perspectives of new and established scholars who have connected with the broad fields of first language (L1) and second language (L2) writing to discuss critically key methodological developments and challenges in the study of L2 writing processes. The focus is on studies of composing and of engagement with feedback on written drafts, with particular attention to methods of process-tracing through data such as concurrent or stimulated verbal reports, interviews, diaries, digital recording, visual screen capture, eye tracking, keystroke logging, questionnaires, and/or ethnographic observation. The chapters in the book illustrate how progress has been made in developing research methods and empirical understandings of writing processes, in introducing methodological innovations, and in pointing to future methodological directions. It will be an essential methodological guide for novice and experienced researchers, senior students, and educators investigating the processes of writing in additional languages.
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Research Methods in Vocabulary Studies
Author(s): Philip Durrant, Anna Siyanova-Chanturia, Benjamin Kremmel and Suhad SonbulPublication Date September 2022More LessUnderstanding vocabulary and its role in language learning is one of the central tasks of applied linguistic research. It is also an area that has seen, and continues to see, huge progress in terms of the complexity and diversity of work being done. While this makes for a rich and exciting research scene, it can also make the task of developing vocabulary research skills a daunting one as specialist subfields develop ever more sophisticated concepts and methods. This book aims to give readers an understanding of the area that is both detailed and rounded by introducing them to understanding and doing vocabulary research from four key perspectives: corpus linguistics, psycholinguistics, language testing, and teaching and learning. Within each area, a state-of-the-art review describes fundamental concepts and commonly used methods, evaluates ongoing methodological debates, and points to areas for future development. It aims both to give readers a solid grounding in the specialized methods and debates associated with each area and to build connections across these specializations, considering points of contact and ways in which they can work together.
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Research on Second Language Processing and Processing Instruction
Editor(s): Michael J. Leeser, Gregory D. Keating and Wynne WongPublication Date March 2021More LessThis volume consists of a well-integrated collection of original research articles and theoretical/overview papers on second language (L2) input processing. The primary contributors are former students of Bill VanPatten from the past three decades, and the collection of articles is intended as a tribute to his career and contribution of bringing processing issues to the center stage of research in second language acquisition (SLA) and instructed SLA. The research and theorizing presented in this volume are the most recent in the field and represent innovations in approaches to L2 processing research, including the use of online methodologies (self-paced reading and eye tracking) in the experimental papers. In addition, the editors are recognized authors and researchers who have published on sentence processing, input processing, and processing instruction, and all three editors are either on editorial boards or are associate editors of major L2 journals.
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Researching and Applying Metaphor in the Real World
Editor(s): Graham Low, Zazie Todd, Alice Deignan and Lynne CameronPublication Date October 2010More LessIt has become increasingly clear that metaphor needs to be explored in terms of the social and discourse context in which it is used, especially where the aim is to address real-world problems. The notion of 'real world' metaphor research has been developed to describe this important area of investigation. This book starts by describing the nature and scope of real world metaphor research and then illustrates, through 17 detailed, mainly empirically-based studies, the different areas it can apply to, and different methodologies that can be employed. Research problems are explored in areas such as artificial intelligence, language teaching and learning, reconciliation dialogue, university lecture discourse, poetry and wine description. Methods include corpus analysis, experimentation, discourse analysis, cross-cultural analysis and genre analysis. In each case the empirical studies refer back to Gibbs's opening overview of real-world research. The result is an invaluable and cross-referenced collection of papers addressing real-world problems.
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Researching Enterprise Development
Editor(s): Morten LevinPublication Date December 2002More LessResearching Enterprise Development is written by the key researchers of a large Norwegian Action Research program on enterprise development (Enterprise Development 2000). This book tells the stories of how the seven participating modules were developed, created and sustained as Action Research activities. Based on these stories, reflection on a broader analysis of core issues of the program are given on the following topics:
the processes within the program and changing models for leadership
how research groups become proficient as action researchers
local research as networking with the regional business community
enhancing the innovation capacity of participating companies
participation and democratic processes in enterprise development
The reflections and stories provide detailed accounts of how this Action Reseach program was developed and ample ideas on how Action Research modules can be implemented for other enterprise development projects.The book is preceded by Work Organisation and Europe as a Development Coalition (edited by Richard Ennals and Bjorn Gustavsen, 1999), and the results of the ED 2000 project are explained in Creating Connectedness (edited by Bjorn Gustavsen, Hakon Finne and Bo Oscarsson, 2001).
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Researching L2 Task Performance and Pedagogy
Editor(s): Zhisheng (Edward) Wen and Mohammad Javad AhmadianPublication Date August 2019More LessThis volume honours Peter Skehan’s landmark contributions to research in Task-Based Language Teaching. It offers state-of-the-art reviews as well as cutting-edge new research studies, all reflective of key theoretical and methodological issues in current research, such as the role and nature of task complexity and the distinct dimensions of L2 task performance. Collectively, these chapters celebrate Professor Skehan’s seminal influence on TBLT and second language acquisition research, and they bear witness to the sustained academic mentoring and collaboration that have characterised his career. Contributed both by senior academics and more recent participants in SLA and TBLT research, the chapters variously explore conceptual frameworks and methodological insights on central issues in TBLT research, theoretical debates, innovative research paradigms and methodologies, as well as practical pedagogical proposals. The book provides a wide-ranging and balanced account of Skehan’s work and its impact on other researchers, serving as an introduction as well as a critical review for both seasoned and novice researchers and for interested practitioners.
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Researching Northern English
Editor(s): Raymond HickeyPublication Date December 2015More LessNorthern English has become the focus of intensive research in the past decade or so, following on a series of dedicated conferences. The present book brings together leading-edge contributions on various aspects of language use, variation and change in the North of England. The volume covers the history of English in this area as well as providing incisive studies of both the varieties of English spoken in cities and in larger parts of the area. In addition, the collection contains a number of interface studies, e.g. concerned with the borders of the North of England, both to Scotland and the South of England or dealing with second-language varieties of Northern English or with additional issues, such as enregisterment. All these contributions help to draw a comprehensive picture of this key area of the English-speaking world and point the way forward for future research.
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