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Subject
- Pragmatics [21] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-prag
- Syntax [19] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-syntax
- Theoretical linguistics [17] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-theor
- Discourse studies [15] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-disc
- Writing and literacy [12] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-writ
- English linguistics [10] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-eng
- Generative linguistics [9] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-gener
- Germanic linguistics [9] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-germ
- Historical linguistics [9] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-hl
- Semantics [9] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-seman
- Sociolinguistics and Dialectology [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-socio
- Communication Studies [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/comm-cgen
- Cognition and language [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cogn
- History of linguistics [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-hol
- Language acquisition [5] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-la
- Psycholinguistics [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-psylin
- Sino-Tibetan languages [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sitib
- Theoretical literature & literary studies [4] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-theor
- Anthropological Linguistics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-anthr
- Applied linguistics [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-appl
- Bilingualism [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-bil
- Phonology [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-phon
- Typology [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-typ
- Industrial & organizational studies [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/misc-indroc
- Cognitive psychology [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-cogpsy
- Translation studies [3] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/tran-transl
- General studies in art & art history [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/art-gen
- Corpus linguistics [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-corp
- Language teaching [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-educ
- Gesture Studies [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-gest
- Japanese linguistics [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-japanese
- Morphology [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-morph
- Semiotics [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sem
- Afro-Asiatic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-afas
- Bibliographies in linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-biblio
- Cognitive linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cogpsy
- Comparative linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-comp
- Contact Linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-cont
- Creole studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-creo
- Evolution of language [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-evo
- Functional linguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-funct
- Language disorders & speech pathology [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-ladis
- Neurolinguistics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-neuro
- Signed languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-sign
- Languages of South America [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-soam
- Uralic languages [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lin-ural
- Comparative literature & literary studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-comp
- English literature & literary studies [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/lit-engl
- Classical philosophy [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-class
- Philosophy [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-gen
- Semiotics [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/phil-sem
- Neuropsychology [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/psy-neuro
- Terminology [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/term-term
- Interpreting [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/tran-interp
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The (w)hole of the doughnut
Author(s): S.-Y. KurodaPublication Date January 1979More LessFrom the author’s preface: "I once facetiously stated: 'Syntax is to semantics as the hole of the doughnut is to the whole of the doughnut.' Semantics without syntax, thus, is like a doughnut without a hole. This was in the heyday of generative semantics, and having heard that my major interest was syntax, someone was able, perhaps also facetiously, to respond: 'Does it exist?' Most of the papers collected here originated in those days and previously appeared in various linguistic journals and anthologies. The reader may note that the topics dealt with in these papers all have their roots in syntax, but in most cases relate to its boundary areas. The boundary areas are not restricted to semantics, but the above analogy of the doughnut might still apply to what syntax is to those boundary areas. Hence the title of the book."
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Walking on the Grammaticalization Path of the Definite Article
Editor(s): Renata Szczepaniak and Johanna FlickPublication Date April 2020More LessThis volume focuses on the grammaticalization of the definite article in German. It contains eight empirically-based papers which examine individual stages of the grammaticalization path from its beginnings as a demonstrative to the definite article and beyond. Focusing on cognitive, pragmatic, semantic and syntactic factors, the contributions not only address the development from pragmatic to semantic definiteness, but also deal with functional and formal changes starting as soon as the linguistic unit has acquired the function of marking semantic definiteness. Based on corpora spanning the entire history of the German language, from Old High German (750-1050) to present-day German, the analyses challenge the traditional linear model of grammaticalization and provide alternative pathways. What all the contributions have in common is the idea that the main grammaticalization path is accompanied or crossed by several side roads which lead to different destinations such as preposition-article-clitics, generic usages or onymic articles.
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Washing the Brain – Metaphor and Hidden Ideology
Author(s): Andrew GoatlyPublication Date January 2007More LessContemporary metaphor theory has recently begun to address the relation between metaphor, culture and ideology. In this wide-ranging book, Andrew Goatly, using lexical data from his database Metalude, investigates how conceptual metaphor themes construct our thinking and social behaviour in fields as diverse as architecture, engineering, education, genetics, ecology, economics, politics, industrial time-management, medicine, immigration, race, and sex. He argues that metaphor themes are created not only through the universal body but also through cultural experience, so that an apparently universal metaphor such as event-structure as realized in English grammar is, in fact, culturally relative, compared with e.g. the construal of 'cause and effect' in the Algonquin language Blackfoot. Moreover, event-structure as a model is both scientifically reactionary and, as the basis for technological mega-projects, has proved environmentally harmful. Furthermore, the ideologies of early capitalism created or exploited a selection of metaphor themes historically traceable through Hobbes, Hume, Smith, Malthus and Darwin. These metaphorical concepts support neo-Darwinian and neo-conservative ideologies apparent at the beginning of the 21st century, ideologies underpinning our social and environmental crises. The conclusion therefore recommends skepticism of metaphor’s reductionist tendencies.
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Weak Referentiality
Editor(s): Ana Aguilar-Guevara, Bert Le Bruyn and Joost ZwartsPublication Date December 2014More LessThis volume brings together studies in the domain of weak referentiality, the phenomenon that a definite or indefinite noun phrase lacks its usual referential force. Several papers investigate syntactic or semantic properties of indefinite noun phrases, such as modality, number neutrality, narrow scope, incorporation, predication, and case marking, and that in a range of languages (Arabic, Brazilian Portuguese, Catalan, German, Papiamentu, Russian). Other papers deal with weakly referential definite noun phrases in various languages (Basque, Dutch, English, French) involving scrambling, modification, possession, and accessibility. The papers demonstrate a range of empirical methods and theoretical models. This volume will not only be of interest to researchers and students in syntax and semantics, but also in psycholinguistics and language typology.
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Web Advertising
Author(s): Anja JanoschkaPublication Date December 2004More LessThis book examines new forms of communication that have emerged through the interactive capabilities of the Internet, in particular online advertising and web advertisements. It develops a new model of online communication, incorporating mass communication and interpersonal communication. Interactive mass communication redefines the roles of online communication partners who are confronted with a higher degree of complexity in terms of hypertextual information units. In web advertising, this new aspect of interactivity is linguistically reflected in different types of personal address forms, directives, and "trigger words". This study also analyzes the different strategies of persuasion with which web ads try to initiate their activation.Web Advertising provides essential information on the language of web advertisements for academics, researchers and students in the fields of hypertext-linguistics, advertising, communication and media studies.
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Web Site Design is Communication Design
Author(s): Thea M. van der GeestPublication Date November 2001More LessWeb Site Design is Communication Design is written for practitioners, trainers, and students of Communication, Business, Information Science and Media Design.
This book is based on a series of case studies of web-site design processes in smaller and larger organizations, including Amazon and Microsoft. It offers a well-researched, reflective and thorough analysis of the activities undertaken, in combination with practical, real-life experiences of web-site designers and producers. It pays attention to the often complicated organizational context that web designers and producers have to work in, while they serve both bosses and target groups to their best intents. The importance of careful evaluation is stressed throughout the book and in the concluding checklists, which guide the practitioner through the design process, from initial idea through site maintenance and re-design.
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The Wedding Report
Author(s): Hans-Jürg SuterPublication Date September 1993More LessTraditional text types (or genres) are complex linguistic, sociocultural and cognitive phenomena that can only be analysed in flexible interdisciplinary frameworks fusing structural and process-oriented approaches and combining quantitative description with qualitative interpretation and evaluation. The theoretical and methodological implications of the prototypical text type concept which is developed in this book are explored in an exhaustive case study of a representative (ie prototypical) genre: the wedding report, a conventional type of news report published in local English newspapers. The distinctive contextual and textual features — situational context, text production processes, function, thematic structure, and form on the macro- and microlevel — are analysed synchronically and diachronically. The linguistic findings are integrated into a comprehensive view of the interplay between the genre as a linguistic frame and its sociocultural context. The study puts special emphasis on addressing the methodological problems arising from the inherent fuzziness of traditional text types, and can thus serve as a detailed working model of genre analysis, designed to be adapted to the specific requirements of similar studies.
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Die Wende von der Aufklärung zur Romantik 1760–1820
Editor(s): Horst Albert Glaser and György M. VajdaPublication Date December 2001More LessThis volume is the twelfth to date in a series of works in French or English presenting the epochs and movements of a Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages (Histoire Comparée des Littératures de Langues Européennes). The original intention of the editors was to publish a four-volume history of European literature from 1760-1820, and the first of these volumes, Des Lumières au Romantisme. Genres en Vers, appeared as long ago as 1982. The volumes Genres en Prose and Théâtre are still awaited. In their absence the present volume, Epoche im _berblick, attempts a more comprehensive and rigorous treatment of the period and its historiographical problems than was initially planned, providing the reader with an overview of sixty eventful years of European literary history — years in which German Classicism coincided with the birth, initially in Germany and England, of Romanticism. And at the centre of this turbulent period of European intellectual and literary history stands the French Revolution.
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Western Histories of Linguistic Thought
Author(s): E.F.K. KoernerPublication Date January 1978More LessThe present bibliography suggests that there has been a constant flow of publications which survey the discipline of linguistics in its various stages of development. It attempts to offer a comprehensive coverage of general accounts of the history of linguistic thought in the western world over the last 150 years.
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Wh-island Effects in Chinese
Author(s): Xu ChenPublication Date February 2024More LessThis book examines three controversial generalizations concerning wh-island effects in Chinese: argument and adjunct asymmetry, subject and object asymmetry, and D-linked and non-D-linked asymmetry. Experiments under the factorial definition of island effects reveal that: (1) both argument and adjunct wh-in-situ are sensitive to the wh-island, displaying no asymmetry; (2) subject wh-in-situ manifests a larger magnitude of island effects, whereas object wh-in-situ shows a smaller size due to the confounding of double name penalty, exhibiting a special pattern of asymmetry; (3) D-linked and non-D-linked who-in-situ evince no asymmetry, while D-linked and non-D-linked what-in-situ demonstrate a marginal asymmetry. Findings support the theory of covert wh-movement on the interpretation of Chinese wh-in-situ. The pattern of wh-island effects can be attributed to the violation of locality principles during wh-feature movement. This book is primarily tailored for researchers interested in the study of Chinese wh-questions and generative linguistics in the broad sense.
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Wh-Movement and the Theory of Feature-Checking
Author(s): Andrew SimpsonPublication Date June 2000More LessWh-movement and the theory of feature-checking argues that cross-linguistic variation in wh-constructions reduces to the availability of different lexical instantiations of a +wh C0 both across languages and within a single language, and the way in which such lexical elements are syntactically identified, either via movement or base-generation. Evidence from a wide range of patterns including wh-expletive questions leads to the conclusion that wh-feature checking may sometimes be effected non-locally and ‘at a distance’ (long-distance wh-agreement), and that movement in general takes place for two related but discrete reasons: both to identify and activate an underspecified licensing head and in order for an element to occur in the checking domain projected by its relevant licensing head. Developing and generalizing the proposals beyond wh-phenomena, the study also goes on to argue for a Minimalist model of syntax in which feature-dependencies are in fact all licensed in the overt syntax and where there is no need for any further level of LF.
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Wh-Scope Marking
Editor(s): Uli Lutz, Gereon Müller and Arnim von StechowPublication Date September 2000More LessThis volume is the first comprehensive overview of the syntax and semantics of wh-scope marking. Wh-scope marking constructions have recently received a lot of attention; their very existence and their intricate properties have important consequences for syntax, semantics, and the syntax–semantics interface (e.g., with respect to the wh-criterion, the wh-movement parameter, feature checking, the theory of locality, the interpretation of wh-phrases and why-chains, and the nature of LF). The fifteen contributions share the basic assumptions of the Chomskyan approach to syntax and the model-theoretic approach to semantics; they address a variety of languages (among them German, Hindi, Hungarian, English, Frisian, Kikuyu, and Malay). A recurrent theme in all articles is whether wh-scope marking should be analyzed in terms of a direct, indirect, or mixed dependency. The wealth of cross-linguistic empirical evidence and the theory-independent relevance of the conclusions should make this book the ultimate source of information on wh-scope marking for years to come.
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What Counts as Evidence in Linguistics
Editor(s): Martina Penke and Anette RosenbachPublication Date June 2007More LessWhat counts as evidence in linguistics? This question is addressed by the contributions to the present volume (originally published as a Special Issue of Studies in Language 28:3 (2004). Focusing on the innateness debate, what is illustrated is how formal and functional approaches to linguistics have different perspectives on linguistic evidence. While special emphasis is paid to the status of typological evidence and universals for the construction of Universal Grammar (UG), this volume also highlights more general issues such as the roles of (non)-standard language and historical evidence. To address the overall topic, the following three guiding questions are raised: What type of evidence can be used for innateness claims (or UG)?; What is the content of such innate features (or UG)?; and, How can UG be used as a theory guiding empirical research? A combination of articles and peer commentaries yields a lively discussion between leading representatives of formal and functional approaches.
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What Do We Talk About When We Talk?
Author(s): Johan van der AuweraPublication Date January 1981More LessThis monograph deals with the ‘aboutness’ of language. First, the sense in which language ‘is about’ or ‘reflects’ both reality and a mental picture of reality is turned into a cornerstone of a reflectionist or ‘Speculative Grammarian’ semantics and pragmatics. Second, the ‘Speculative Grammar’ idea is made concrete in a logico-linguistic account of the way language ‘is about’ the whole of reality as well as about certain fractions of it. Third, the reflectionist perspective is used for a universalist account of the way speech acts ‘are about’ their subjects, topics, and foci.
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What is a Context?
Editor(s): Rita Finkbeiner, Jörg Meibauer and Petra B. SchumacherPublication Date October 2012More LessContext is a core notion of linguistic theory. However, while there are numerous attempts at explaining single aspects of the notion of context, these attempts are rather diverse and do not easily converge to a unified theory of context. The present multi-faceted collection of papers reconsiders the notion of context and its challenges for linguistics from different theoretical and empirical angles. Part I offers insights into a wide range of current approaches to context, including theoretical pragmatics, neurolinguistics, clinical pragmatics, interactional linguistics, and psycholinguistics. Part II presents new empirical findings on the role of context from case studies on idioms, unarticulated constituents, argument linking, and numerically-quantified expressions. Bringing together different theoretical frameworks, the volume provides thought-provoking discussions of how the notion of context can be understood, modeled, and implemented in linguistics. It is essential for researchers interested in theoretical and applied linguistics, the semantics/pragmatics interface, and experimental pragmatics.
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What is Meaning?
Author(s): Victoria Lady Welby and Achim EschbachPublication Date January 1983More LessIn "What is Meaning" (1903) the author elaborates on the fundamental tenets of her theory of sign, to which she gave the overall term ‘significs’. One of the main obstacles to an adequate theory of meaning, in Lady Welby’s opinion, is the unfounded assumption of fixed sign meaning. "There is, strictly speaking, no such thing as the Sense of a word, but only the sense in which it is used – the circumstances, state of mind, reference, ‘universe of discourse’ belonging to it. The Meaning of a word is the intent which it is desired to convey – the intention of the user. The Significance is always manifold, and intensifies its sense as well as its meaning, by expressing its importance, its appeal to us, its moment for us, its emotional force, its ideal value, its moral aspect, its universal or at least social range."
This facsimile of the 1903 edition of "What is Meaning" is accompanied by an essay on "Significs as a Fundamental Science" by Achim Eschbach, and "A Concise History of Significs" by G. Mannoury.
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What We Remember
Author(s): Mariana AchugarPublication Date October 2008More LessThis interdisciplinary monograph explores the discursive manifestations of the conflict over how to remember and interpret the actions of the military during the last dictatorship in Uruguay (1973-1985). Through the exploration of the discursive ways in which this powerful group represents past events and participants, we can trace the ideological struggle over how to reconstruct a traumatic past. By looking at memory as a social and discursive practice, the analysis identifies particular semiotic practices and linguistic patterns deployed in the construction of memory. The discursive description of what is remembered, how it is remembered, and who remembers serves to explain how the institution’s construction of the past is transformed and maintained to respond to outside criticism and create an institutional identity as a lawful state apparatus. This book should interest discourse analysts, historians, sociologists and researchers in the field of transitional justice.
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When Data Challenges Theory
Editor(s): Davide Garassino and Daniel JacobPublication Date February 2022More LessThis volume offers a critical appraisal of the tension between theory and empirical evidence in research on information structure.
The relevance of ‘unexpected’ data taken into account in the last decades, such as the well-known case of non-focalizing cleft sentences in Germanic and Romance, has increasingly led us to give more weight to explanations involving inferential reasoning, discourse organization and speakers’ rhetorical strategies, thus moving away from ‘sentence-based’ perspectives. At the same time, this shift towards pragmatic complexity has introduced new challenges to well-established information-structural categories, such as Focus and Topic, to the point that some scholars nowadays even doubt about their descriptive and theoretical usefulness.
This book brings together researchers working in different frameworks and delving into cross-linguistic as well as language-internal variation and language contact. Despite their differences, all contributions are committed to the same underlying goal: appreciating the relation between linguistic structures and their context based on a firm empirical grounding and on theoretical models that are able to account for the challenges and richness of language use.
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When Listeners Talk
Author(s): Rod GardnerPublication Date January 2001More LessListeners are usually considered recipients in conversational interaction, whose main activity is to take in messages from other speakers. In this view, the listening activity is separate from speaking. Another view is that listeners and speakers are equal co-participants in conversations who construct the talk together. In support of this latter view, one finds a group of vocalisations which are quintessentially listener talk — little conversational objects such as uh-huh, oh, mm, yeah, right and mm-hm. These utterances do not have meanings in a conventional dictionary sense, but are nevertheless loaded with complex and subtle information about the stance listeners take to what they are hearing, information that is gleaned not only from their phonetic form, but also from their complex prosodic shape and their placement and timing within the flow of talk. This book summarises eight of these objects, and explores one, mm, in depth.
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Where do nouns come from?
Editor(s): John B. HavilandPublication Date June 2015More LessThe noun is an apparent cross-linguistic universal; nouns are central targets of language acquisition; they are frequently prototypical exemplars of Saussurian arbitrariness. This volume considers nouns in sign languages and in the evanescent performances of homesigners (and gesturers), which exhibit considerable iconic motivation. Do such systems mark nouns formally? Do they share strategies for forming nominal expressions? Individual chapters consider formal criteria for a noun/verb distinction in sign languages with different socio-linguistic profiles, strategies of “patterned iconicity” in a subcategory of nouns in both well-established and emerging sign languages, grammatical markers for a nominal class in a first generation family homesign system from Mexico, and the changing role of handshapes in signs referring to action and objects over the gradual development of a single deaf child’s homesign. The volume is of special interest to scholars of gesture, sign languages, linguistic typology, and the evolution, socialization, and ethnography of language. Originally published in Gesture Vol. 13:3 (2013).
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