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This volume illustrates the high potential of learner corpus investigations for research into the CAF triad by presenting eleven original learner corpus-based studies which are set within solid theoretical frameworks examine learner corpora with state-of-the-art analytical techniques and yield highly interesting findings. The volume’s major strength lies in the range of issues it undertakes and in its interdisciplinary thematic novelty. The chapters collectively address all three dimensions of L2 performance related to different linguistic subsystems (i.e. lexical phraseological and grammatical complexity and accuracy along with fluency) as well as the interactions among these constructs. The studies are based on data drawn from carefully compiled learner corpora which are analysed with the help of diverse corpus-based methods. The theoretical discussions and the empirical results shall contribute to the advancement of the fields of SLA and writing and speech research and shall inspire further investigations in the area of the CAF triad.

Written for novice and established scholars alike Instructed Second Language Acquisition Research Methods is a stand-alone research methods guide from an Instructed Second Language Acquisition (ISLA) lens. After offering foundations of conducting ISLA research the subsequent chapters are organized by four skill areas (listening speaking reading writing) and four major linguistic features (grammar vocabulary pronunciation pragmatics). In each chapter authors define the target sub-domain of ISLA outline the basics of research design provide concrete guidance on crafting robust research questions identifying appropriate methodology and method(s) adapting an existing instrument or creating your own carrying out a study analyzing and interpreting data and determining how/where/when to share your work. The volume also dedicates chapters to addressing common inquiries of conducting ISLA research (e.g. obtaining ethics permission recruiting your own students working with small and heterogeneous sample sizes accounting for individual differences) and to maximizing research impact beyond academia. Written by leading experts on each topic this book is an essential resource for ISLA SLA and research methods scholars.

Focusing on language contact involving Russian and the linguistic varieties that emerged from that contact in different social settings this book analyzes issues and methodologies in reconstructing both the linguistic effects of language contact and the social contexts of usage. In-depth analyses of Odessan Russian a southern Russian contact variety with Yiddish and Ukrainian elements and Russian lexifier pidgins illustrate the reconstruction process which involves making the most of all available documentation particularly literature and stereotypical descriptions. Historical sociolinguistics of this kind straddles the fields of historical linguistics sociolinguistics and contact; this book brings together the methods and theories of these areas to show how they can result in a rich reconstruction of linguistic and socially-conditioned variation. We reconstruct the circumstances and social settings that produced this variation and demonstrate how to reconstruct which variants were used by different types of speakers under different circumstances and what kinds of social identities they indexed.

The Nordic countries have long been subject to certain idealised even utopian imaginaries particularly with regard to images of pristine nature and the societal ideals of democracy equality and education. On the other hand such projections inevitably invite dissent irony and intimations of the utopia’s dark underside. Things may yet take or may have already taken a dystopic course. The present volume offers twelve contributions on utopias and dystopias in Nordic literature and culture. Geographically the articles cover the Nordic countries of Denmark Finland Norway and Sweden as well as the autonomous area of Greenland. Through the articles’ varied subjects — ranging from avant-garde literature and long poems to noir TV-series young adult fiction popular historiography and political discourse in literature outside of Norden — the volume brings forth a historically rich multi-layered picture of social cultural and environmental imagination in the Nordic countries. Nordic Utopias and Dystopias is thus of interest not only to specialists in dystopian and utopian research but more broadly to scholars of literature and culture and the political and social sciences especially but not exclusively in the Nordic context.

This volume investigates iconicity as to both comprehension and production of meaning in language gesture pictures art and literature. It highlights iconic processes in meaning-making and interpretation across different semiotic systems at structurally historically and pragmatically different levels of iconicity with special focus on Cognitive Semiotics. Exploring the ubiquity of iconicity in verbal visual and gestural communication these contributions discuss it from the point of view of human meaning-making examined as a phenomenon that is experienced embodied and often polysemiotic in nature.

Konkani is a modern Indo-Aryan language and a state language of the Indian state Goa. Until recently it was considered a dialect of Marathi but it is now considered an independent language. Konkani has several varieties including the Manglore variety spoken in the south of Goa the Gawdi variety spoken by the Gawda ethnic group and the Goan (Panaji) variety. The latter is the focus of this description and is the variety used in schools media and state administration. The book provides a descriptive linguistic analysis of Konkani based on spoken and written data collected by the author during extensive fieldwork. The linguistic features of Konkani phonology morphology word-formation and syntax are described in detail and where significant compared with the Manglore and Gawdi varieties. Since Konkani is undergoing standardisation and since it has close contact with Marathi significant similarities and differences between the two languages are also discussed. Konkani has the honour of being the subject of the oldest European grammatical work on any Indian language: Thomas Stephens’ Arte da Lingoa Canarim published in 1640. This grammar is thus the most recent addition to the long tradition of Konkani grammars.

Figurativity has attracted scholars’ attention for thousands of years and yet there are still open questions concerning its nature. Figurativity and Human Ecology endorses a view of figurativity as ubiquitous in human reasoning and language and as a key example of how a human organism and its perceived or imagined environment co-function as a system. The volume sees figurativity not only as embedded in an environment but also as a way of acting within that environment. It places figurativity within an ecological context and approaches it as a phenomenon which cuts across bodily psychological linguistic social cultural and natural environments.

Figurativity and Human Ecology will appeal to those interested in the analysis of the all-encompassing creativity of the human mind and in the methodological difficulties associated with the study of cognition.

La importancia del estudio de la fraseología en general y de la paremiología en particular viene avalada tanto por el interés que han suscitado las unidades fraseológicas desde la Antigüedad como porque los investigadores del tema ponen de manifiesto que se trata de la piedra angular del lexicón y acervo cultural de toda lengua. En este marco esta monografía presenta un breve recorrido histórico de la paremiografía y paremiología en España y Francia; comprueba si existe un vacío cuantitativo y cualitativo en el tratamiento lexicográfico de las paremias en diccionarios sintagmáticos y generales tanto monolingües como bilingües; evidencia si son similares las características sintácticas de las paremias de las estructuras a/à y quien/qui en español y francés; determina si hay un tipo de variante paremiológica que predomine sobre las demás y establece los tipos de correspondencias paremiológicas existentes aplicables al ámbito traductológico.<br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>The importance of studying phraseology in general and paremiology in particular is justified by the interest that phraseological units have aroused since ancient times but also by the fact that researchers on the subject have shown that PUs are the cornerstone of the lexicon and the cultural heritage of any language. In this context this monograph provides a brief historical overview of paremiography and paremiology in Spain and France; it determines whether there is a quantitative and qualitative gap in the lexicographical treatment of paremias in both monolingual and bilingual syntagmatic and general dictionaries; it determines whether the syntactic characteristics of the paremias of the structures a/à and quien/qui in Spanish and French are similar; it identifies whether there is one type of paremiological variant that is predominant over the others and it defines the types of existing paremiological equivalences applicable to the field of translation.

This volume brings together seven eminently original attempts to answer a sorely neglected question: What are adjectives? Although the positioning of adjectives as well as aspects of their semantics have been investigated in depth their actual status as a lexical category has generally been treated superficially in the linguistic literature.<br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>In this volume the different approaches to the categorial identity of adjectives put forward include their position in the inventory of lexical categories the elusive noun-adjective link the functional entourage of adjectives and their relational character the role of concord and possession – and so on. The contributors bring different viewpoints as well as a variety of language data into the discussion from Chinese to Indo-European and on to Niger-Congo languages.

This encyclopaedia of one of the major fields of language studies is a continuously updated source of state-of-the-art information for anyone interested in language use. The IPrA Handbook of Pragmatics provides easy access – for scholars with widely divergent backgrounds but with convergent interests in the use and functioning of language – to the different topics traditions and methods which together make up the field of pragmatics broadly conceived as the cognitive social and cultural study of language and communication i.e. the science of language use.

The Handbook of Pragmatics is a unique reference work for researchers which has been expanded and updated continuously with annual installments since 1995.

Also available as Online Resource: https://benjamins.com/online/hop