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Ce volume fait partie d'une série de quatre volumes consacrés aux phénomènes littéraires de la période s'étendant des Lumières à l'avènement des mouvements romantiques. Les volumes suivants traiteront de la prose et du théâtre. Sont présentés ici les genres en vers compte tenu en particulier des changements majeurs qui ont préparé la renaissance et l'épanouissement de la poésie lyrique dans le romantisme européen. En quelques grands chapitres synthétiques la première partie brosse un tableau des phénomènes marquant l'ensemble de la littérature européenne tandis que la seconde passe en revue les genres en vers dans différentes zones géographiques ou aires linguistiques. L'évolution littéraire qui s'opéra à l'époque tant dans les Amériques qu'en Europe est analysée dans ce volume sous l'aspect du développement des formes versifiées avec un luxe de détails inédits et sous des angles particulièrement originaux.

This volume is an enhanced version of the English translation from the French original edition 'Principes d'analyse syntaxique' (Québec 1973). It provides a survey of theoretical approaches to syntax including traditional grammars structuralism functionalism and formal approaches.

The book sketches a systematics of non-verbal communication. It contains the following separate chapters: movement potential and expression repertoire; clinical literature on the eye’s movement potential; eye movement viewed from the perspective of communicative action; eye communication as part of non-verbal communication; detailed analysis of deliberate avoiding the addressee’s eye focus.

The papers in this volume celebrate the work of Angus McIntosh who specialized in dialects of Later Middle English and wrote on other topics in English linguistics as well. Of the papers in this volume most deal with English and a few with other subjects in (historical) dialectology.

This volume presents the main tenets of Sanctius’ linguistic theory and explores the questions raised by Robin Lakoff in her 1969 review of the Grammaire générale et raisonnée (Port Royal). Part I surveys earlier developments in the study of language in particular the Graeco-Roman and Medieval traditions the Renaissance period and Judaeo-Arabic scholarship. Part II contains a synopsis in English of Sanctius’ Minerva placing special emphasis on theoretical passages and illustrative data. Part III is devoted to Sanctius’ linguistic doctrine: (1) his philosophical approach to language analysis (2) his notion of logical structure and rule (3) his classification of the parts of speech and (4) his basic semantic postulates.

This monograph fills a gap in our understanding of a so-called free word order language. Thus far many observations have been made on Latin word order particularly within the noun phrase. Yet a more systematic investigation with respect to the order of the sentence consituents was still lacking that is till the arrival of the current monograph The Communicative Perspective in the Sentence: A Study of Latin Word Order. This excellent research monograph on the order of the sentence consituents in a particular typologically ambivalent language will be welcomed by both Latinists and general linguists.

This volume on the Cameroonian English contains two main sections. The first section is devoted to the history of language contact in Cameroon (contact with Islam and contact with Europeans); the development of English in Cameroon; the teaching of English in Cameroon in various stages of its history; and on idiosyncratic aspects of this variety of English. The second section is the text part of the volume consisting of sixteen printed texts (mostly modern but also five extracts of historical significance) eleven written texts (essays on pedagogical subjects personal letters a folk history an academic paper and literary extracts) and 13 oral texts (interviews radio). These texts have been selected because of their linguistic interest and because of the information they provide on Cameroonian life and culture.

It has always been thought difficult if not impossible to define what the philosophy of Carlyle was. Ever since the publication of Sartor Resartus in 1833-1834 the view that Carlyle had a theistic conception of the universe has been defended as well as opposed. At a time therefore when Carlyle’s work as a whole is being reappraised his philosophy should first and foremost be dealt with. Carlyle’s life-philosophy is based on the inner experience of a process of ‘conversion’ which set in with an incident that occurred to him at Leith Walk Edinburgh. This study – which settles the old question of the date of the incident – demonstrates that the inner struggle the dynamics of which are described most fully in Sartor is analogous to the Jungian process of individuation. For the first time in critical literature the basic ideas of Carlyle’s philosophy are thus linked to depth psychology and shown to be analogous to the fundamental concepts of Analytical Psychology.

In recent criticism it has been asserted that the crisis recorded in Sartor is akin to the crisis of doubt said to underlie Jean Paul’s “Rede des todten Christus” (1796) which is probably the first poetic expression of nihilism in European literature and has become a classic. Apart from demonstrating that in the last fifty years at least the “Rede” has erroneously been interpreted as a dream of annihilation this book invalidates the view of Jean Paul as victim of the skepticism of his age and argues that contrary to what is usually maintained the “Rede” is not the document of a crisis but of a belief which had become antiquated and obsolete for Carlyle.

The study of complementation has received considerable attention in generative studies. Following Rosenbaum's (1967) pioneering study of the English complement system there are extensive studies by Lakoff (1965) Ross (1967) Perlmutter (1971) and a large number of publications. More recent detailed studies are Emonds (1970) and Bresnan (1972) . These studies have increased enormously the body of factual knowledge about the complement system of English and about the phenomenon of complementation in general. As a consequence there are a number of empirical hypotheses about the structure of human languages which must now be tested against facts of different languages. Of these hypotheses perhaps the most interesting is that the grammars of all languages make use of the principle of the transformational cycle. Testing this hypothesis constitutes one of the main concerns of the present book. Furthermore these studies have also raised numerous interesting empirical issues of great importance for linguistic theory most of which are still awaiting fresh evidence from different languages in order to be settled. This study is directed towards resolving some of these issues by adducing relevent data primarily from Portuguese.

This is the second of two volumes – the first volume being Waltraud Brennenstuhl’s Control and Ability (P&B III:4) – treating biocybernetical questions of language. This book starts out from an investigation of the (neuro-)biological relevancy of natural language from the point of view of grammar and the lexicon. Furthermore the basic mechanisms of the self-organization of organisms in their environments are discussed in so far as they lead to linguistic control and abilities.

The four papers presented in this volume are corpus-based investigations into the meaning of the verbs speak talk say and tell. More specifically they want to explore how the scene of linguistic action has been put into perspective by these four high-frequency verbs.

Deixis – the rooting of utterances in the speech situation – is one of the most salient universals of natural language. The ways in which different languages link utterances to pragmatic factors such as speech time speech place and speech participants show a rich variation. This makes deixis a particular fruitful domain for the study of universals language comparison and the relationship between language and reality. This volume presents and discusses deictic systems of both Indo-European and non-Indo-European languages including Russian Czech Spanish German (standard and dialect) Hungarian Chinese Japanese Hausa Swahili Hopi Eipo Tolai Diyari. Focus is on spatial deixis but other deictic and demonstrative expressions are treated as well.

René Thom the famous French mathematician and founder of catastrophe theory considered linguistics an exemplary field for the application of his general morphology. It is surprising that physicists chemists biologists psychologists and sociologists are all engaged in the field of catastrophe theory but that there has been almost no echo from linguistics. Meanwhile linguistics has evolved in the direction of René Thom’s intuitions about an integrated science of language and it has become a necessary task to review update and elaborate the proposals made by Thom and to embed them in the framework of modern semantic theory.

This handbook makes available short grammatical sketches of Australian languages. Each grammar is written in a standard format following guidelines provided by the editors and includes a sample text and vocabulary text. The contributions to this volume are salvage studies giving all the information that is available on four languages which are on the point of extinction and an assessment of what linguistic impressions can be inferred from the scant material that is available on the extinct languages of Tasmania.

In this study the works of Wilhelm Raabe (1831–1910) are being discussed taking into account the emerge of the perspectival narration culminating in the Braunschweig period (1870–1920). The book starts with a survey of the point of view theory including the concept of multiple perspective and then focusses on the works of Raabe in which these various techniques will be demonstrated. Special attention is paid to three works of the Braunschweig period; Der Dräumling Das Horn von Wanza and Kloster Lugau.

The papers in this volume are divided into two sections. Part 1 Quantitative Linguistics contains contributions by Marie Těšitelová; Jiří Kraus; Ján Horecký & E. Nemcová; J. Sabol; Z. Lišková; V. Smetáček & M. Königová; J. Štěpán; L. Klimeš; P. Vašák. Part 2 Algebraic Linguistics contains contributions by M. Novotný; L. Nebeský; Petr Sgall; Eva Hajičová; Petr Pitha; J. Weisheitelová; Jarmila Panevová A. Goralčíková & Eva Hajičová.

Unlike studies which confine psychologism to the second half of the nineteenth century and to an explicit claim of psychology as a ‘Grundwissenschaft’ during that period this work attempts to trace psychologism's emergence in Greek antiquity in hedonistic tendencies of the Renaissance and in British Empiricism. Thus psychologism figures as a generic concept embracing a variety of both positivistic and idealistic arguments concerning the localization of normative sciences particularly aesthetics and literary theory in psychological space. This study also considers the implicit psychologism of even those psychoaesthetic theories which claimed to be against the exclusive status of psychology. In their actual treatment of aesthetic and literary facts such theories inadvertently did indeed resort to psychologistic arguments. The position from which I have chosen to look at psychologistically committed aesthetics and literary theory is essentially phenomenological. The author seeks to present psychologism as a central tendency of psychoaesthetics as well as to assert critically psychologism's basic assumptions.

The aim of the present bibliography is to provide a single and reasonably comprehensive list of books and articles which deal with problems related to prepositions in natural languages. If most of publications listed consider syntax or semantics they also take into account morphological stylistic psycholinguistic or historical aspects.

By focusing on the “East European” dialogues and polemics both contemporary and past the present volume pursues two aims: 1) It would like to locate the discussion between semiotics and dialectics in an historical context. 2) It would like to make the reader familiar with the solutions proposed by theoreticians like Bakhtin Lotman Voloshinov Fischer and Mukařovský solutions which in the past were frequently ignored by European Marxists semioticians and sociologists of literature. At present one cannot help feeling that if they had been familiar with the works of these authors Marxism Critical Theory semiotics and the sociology of literature (of the text) would have evolved differently.

Die vorliegende Arbeit sollte beitragen an ein besseres Verständnis der romantischen Literatur im zeitgenössischen Kontext. Es wird untersucht wie die die Klassik und die Romantik sich mit einander verhalten haben anhand von Einzelanalysen. Auf tradiotionelle Grenzen wie Früh- Hoch- oder Spätromantik wird verzichtet sowie auch auf die Idee daß in romantische Werke nur aesthetische Tendezen zum Ausdruck kamen; sondern daß auch politisch operative und sozialpolitische funktionale Tendenzen wichtig waren.

Le manuscrit 26092 de la célèbre collection de Cheltenham comprend les ouvrages suivants dont les quatre premiers sont en vers et le cinquième en prose: 1) Hernaut de Beaulande 2) Renier de Gennes 3) Girart de Vienne 4) Galien 5) La Chronique de Saint-Denis. Une édition critique du quatrième élément est offerte dans le présent volume.

This volume provides an analysis of a famous medieval Arabic grammatical text al-Ājurrūmiya (c. 1300) as commented on by aš-Šhirbīnī (d. 1570). This edition includes the original text and a translation into English as well as extensive comments and annotations with the aim of making accessible both to Arabists and non-Arabists the main elements of indigenous Arabic linguistics and thereby at least partially filling a large blank in the history of linguistics.

This impressive volume attempts to make an assessment of past achievements but also to open up new perspectives in the field of pragmatics exactly ten years after the publication of Searle’s seminal Speech Acts. This rich collection presents an unrivaled diversity of topics and approaches united by the possibilities and limitations generic to the field of pragmatics.

La Egloga II propone el caos lo diverso el error y también la posibilidad de orden. Sólo en el contexto de una especie literaria flexible y multiforme — la pastoral — y de una forma de expresión proteica — el discurso — esa vasta tarea de conciliación era posible. Discurso y pastoral constituyen el ámbito dialéctico de esa armonía discorde que la Egloga II consigue por medio de un enciclopédico esfuerzo humanístico.

This monograph deals with the ‘aboutness’ of language. First the sense in which language ‘is about’ or ‘reflects’ both reality and a mental picture of reality is turned into a cornerstone of a reflectionist or ‘Speculative Grammarian’ semantics and pragmatics. Second the ‘Speculative Grammar’ idea is made concrete in a logico-linguistic account of the way language ‘is about’ the whole of reality as well as about certain fractions of it. Third the reflectionist perspective is used for a universalist account of the way speech acts ‘are about’ their subjects topics and foci.