Browse Books

In addition to borrowing from various foreign sources the main origins of slang terms are the activation and revitalization of existing morphological and lexical material. Metaphorical manipulation of lexical items as the main device used for the production of slangisms shows remarkable similarities in languages otherwise quite different from each other. Slang is analyzed as a kind of substandard language variation which any full-fledged language is bound to develop because it is experimental in that it is born from insubordination and protest against the stress experienced in the speech communities of large cities and is always characterized by that element of playfulness which is the hallmark of creative language in general.

This new edition of Carl Richard Lepsius’s Standard Alphabet reproduces the text of the second enlarged edition of 1863. The extensive Introduction by J. Alan Kemp places it in its historical setting and provides comments on the phonetic basis for the Alphabet and the notation.

Cet essai prolongue l’esquisse d’analyse distributionelle que l’on trouvera dans Un grammaire en chaîne du français (Salkoff 1973). Dans ce livre ici l’auteur presente quelques aspects additionels de la grammaire et du programme associé necessaire pour analyser un texte scientifique. Le chapitre 1 donne un aperçu du fonctionnement de la conjonction dans la phrase. Déterminer quelles structures et quelles sous-classes peuvent se lier les unes aux autres pare une conjonction est assurément l’une des questions les plus difficiles à résoudre dans le detail. Le chapitre 2 contient les définitions de toutes les sous-classes des catégories principales utilisées dan le lexique. Dans le chapitre 3 l’auteur présente une description de la grammaire en chaîne en tent que language formel comme une variante context-sensitive. Le chapitre 4 présente les premiers résultats de l’application effective du programme d’analyse syntaxique.

The essays in this two-volume anthology provide the reader with an overview of current Czech Polish and Hungarian research in language literature and meaning as well as some new perspectives on the major theoretical contributions of Roman Ingarden Georg Lukács and Jan Mukařovský. For the most part the emphasis is on Poetics and Literary Theory; however in some of the essays the focus shifts to such related disciplines as Aesthetics Linguistics and Semiotics. The heterogeneity of this collection reflects the broad spectrum of interests and approaches to problems of theory being pursued at present in Poland Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Much of the work being done in these countries remains relatively unknown outside of Eastern Europe. This anthology is an attempt to rectify this situation and make better known the nature and extent of research which promises new insights into a whole range of phenomena in language literature and culture.

The studies in this volume are revised versions of a selection from the papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Historical Linguistics held at Stanford University on 26–30 March 1979. Papers at this conference and in this volume treat aspects of all current topics in historical linguistics including topics that are only recently considered relevant such as acquisition structure and language use.

Selon une dynamique évidente mais apparemment irrésistible les textes médiévaux mal connus tendent à le rester et leur obscurité à se justifier d'elle-même. La raison immédiate en est cette fois une répétition régulière d'une très vieille hypothèse jamais vérifiée sur la nature de la Chanson d'Antioche. La présente étude vise en premier lieu à briser au profit d'une littérature parfois incroyablement méconnue le cercle vicieux des écrits de seconde main; elle peut aussi à l'occasion servir l'étude du processus d'obscurcissement lui-même. Nous nous efforçons donc de répondre ici à une double question historique et critique. Comment se fait-il qu'on entend parler si peu—et si méchamment—d'un cycle épique majeur et unifié celui de la Croisade? Quelle est l'origine du topos critique qui assigne à ce Cycle un rang inférieur aux autres quelquefois en le rejetant totalement hors du genre épique? Car nous avons affaire à un topos dont il s'agit de bien mesurer l'étendue.

There is no country in the world where as many different languages are spoken as in New Guinea approximately a fifth of the languages in the world. Most of these so-called Papuan languages seem to be unrelated to languages spoken elsewhere. The present work is the first truly comprehensive study of such a language Hua. The chief typological peculiarity of Hua is the existence of a ‘medial verb’construction used to conjoin clauses in compound and complex sentences. Hua also shows a fundamental morphological distinction between coordinate and subordinate medial clauses the latter are not ‘tense-iconic’ the events they describe are not necessarily prior to the event described in later clauses. Moreover their truth is always presupposed. The distribution and behaviour of a post-nominal suffix - mo provides insights into the nature of topics conditional clauses and functional definitions of the parts of speech. In phonology the central rules of assimilation are constrained by the universal hierarchy of sonority which may however be derived from binary features. These are some of the areas in which the grammar of Hua is unusually perspicuous. The present work aims at a standard of completeness such that it would be a useful reference work for research in almost any theoretical topic.

This study of Góngora’s Soledades is intended to summarize and discuss some of the problems which seemed important for a better understanding of these poems. Special attention is paid to the two opposing ‘camps’ that developed over time; one mainly focussing on the form and the other on the content of Soledades. In this volume the authors tries to integrate the methods and results of both of the ‘camps’.

This volume presents a set of papers on linguistic thought in the Middle Ages. It is complemented by a comprehensive bibliography and indices. The papers in this volume appeared earlier in Historiographia Linguistica 7:1/2 (1980).

This volume consists of autobiographical by the following scholars together with pictures and autographs: Raven I. McDavid Jr. Henry M. Hoenigswald John B. Carroll William G. Moulton Archibald A. Hill Yakov Malkiel Charles F. Hockett Harold B. Allen William Bright Einar Haugen George S. Lane Frederic G. Cassidy James B. McMillan Winfred P. Lehmann Fred W. Householder and Dell Hymes. A master list of references and an index of persons conclude the volume.