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Human languages exhibit fascinating commonalities and variations in the ways they describe motion events. In this volume the contributors present their research results concerning motion event descriptions in the languages that they investigate. The volume features new proposals based on a broad range of data involving different kinds of motion events previously understudied such as caused motion (e.g. kick a ball across) and even visual motion (e.g. look into a hole). Special attention is also paid to deixis a hitherto neglected aspect of motion event descriptions. A wide range of languages is examined including those spoken in Europe Africa and Asia. The results provide new insights into the patterns languages deploy to represent motion events. This volume will appeal to anyone interested in language universals and typology as well as the relationship between language and thought.

This volume traces the multifaceted concept of manners in the history of English from the late medieval through the early and late modern periods right up to the present day. It focuses in particular on transgressions of manners and norms of behaviour as an analytical tool to shed light on the discourse of polite conduct and styles of writing. The papers collected in this volume adopt both literary and linguistic perspectives. The fictional sources range from medieval romances and Shakespearean plays to eighteenth-century drama Lewis Carroll’s Alice books and present-day television comedy drama. The non-fictional data includes conduct books medical debates and petitions written by lower class women in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The contributions focus in particular on the following questions: What are the social and political ideologies behind rules of etiquette and norms of interaction and what can we learn from blunders and other transgressions?

This book is a collection of original studies analyzing how different internal and external factors affect Spanish language variation and evolution across a number of (socio)linguistic scenarios. Its primary goal is to expand our understanding of how native and non-native varieties of Spanish co-exist with other languages and dialects under the influence of several linguistic and extra-linguistic forces. While some papers analyze the linguistic dynamics affecting Spanish grammars from a cross-dialectal perspective others focus more closely on the relations established between Spanish and other languages with which it is in contact. In particular some of these studies show how power and prestige may support (or not) the use of Spanish in different social contexts and educational realities given that the attitudes toward this language vary greatly across the Spanish-speaking world. On the one hand in some regions Spanish represents the variety spoken by the majority of the population typically related to prestige and power (Spain and Latin America). On the other hand in other contexts the same language is conceived as a minority variety which may or may not be associated with stigmatized immigrant groups (i.e. in the US).

Success in academia requires more than an understanding of discipline-specific literature and an ability to teach and do research. It is also necessary to develop an understanding of a range of professionally-oriented skills such as how to identify and apply to doctoral programs how to make the most of conferences how to achieve a semblance of work-life balance and how to land a job. Unfortunately however training on such professional matters is often inconsistent and/or idiosyncratic. This book seeks to consolidate and demystify these critical and often-misunderstood aspects of professional development in the context of applied linguistics. Put another way this book is an attempt at the text many of us wish we had as we began our graduate studies. Throughout the book readers will find anecdotes and insights informed by individual authors’ first-hand experiences. The resulting tone across the volume is that of a meet-up with a trusted and thoughtful mentor. As readers “meet” with these mentors it is the hope of this volume that their guidance will help move readers closer to realizing their professional goals in applied linguistics.

This book presents a novel account of syntactic and semantic variation in copular and existential sentences in Classical Hebrew. Like many languages the system of Classical Hebrew copular sentences is quite complex containing zero pronominal and verbal forms as well as eventive and inchoative semantics. Approaching this subject from the framework of Distributed Morphology provides an elegant and comprehensive explanation for both the syntactic and semantic variation in these sentences. This book also presents a theoretical model for analyzing copular sentences in other languages included related phenomena– such as pseudo-copulas. It is also a demonstration of what can be gained by applying modern linguistic analyses to dead languages. Citing and building off previous studies on this topic this book will be of interest to those interested in the theoretical examination of copular and existential sentences and to those interested in Classical Hebrew more specifically.

This volume brings together a collection of original articles investigating state-of-the-art themes in morphology. The papers in the volume provide an in-depth analysis for spoken and sign languages within morphological word domain morphosyntax and morphophonology. Bringing data from a variety of languages including Turkish some understudied ones (e.g. Turkish Sign Language Late Ottoman Turkish) and also endangered languages (e.g. Karachay-Balkar Sauzini Cappadocian Aivaliot and Pharasiot Greek) the volume will be of special interest to a wide audience ranging from typologists to theoretical linguists and graduate students in linguistics and is expected to generate further research on the above mentioned languages as well as to contribute to the cross-linguistic literature on the themes explored in the volume.

Amazonian Spanish: Language contact and evolution explores the unique origins linguistic features and geo-political situation of the Spanish that has emerged in the Amazon. While this region boasts much linguistic diversity many of the indigenous languages found within its limits are now being replaced by Spanish. This situation of language expansion contact and bilingualism is reshaping the sociolinguistic landscape of the Amazon by creating a number of Spanish varieties with innovative linguistic features that require closer scholarly attention. The current book documents this situation in detail. The chapters in this volume include work on distinct geographical regions of the Amazon with primary data collected using different methodologies and language contact situations. The scholars in this volume specialize in an array of fields including anthropological linguistics bilingualism language contact dialectology and language acquisition. Their work represents both formal and functional approaches to linguistics.

This book is a textbook on R a programming language and environment for statistical analysis and visualization. Its primary aim is to introduce R as a research instrument in quantitative Interactional Linguistics. Focusing on visualization in R the book presents original case studies on conversational talk-in-interaction based on corpus data and explains in good detail how key graphs in the case studies were programmed in R. It also includes task sections to enable readers to conduct their own research and compute their own visualizations in R. Both the code underlying the key graphs in the case studies and the datasets used in the case studies as well as in the task sections are made available on the book’s companion website.

The expression of temporal relations notably through tense and aspect is central in all processes of communication but commonly perceived and described as a major hurdle for non-native speakers. While this topic has already received considerable attention in the SLA literature it features less prominently in recent corpus-based studies of learner language. This volume intends to close this gap. It shows which additional insights into the area of tense and aspect in learner language can be gained using corpus data addressing the following questions: In which ways do corpus-based studies complement work based on other methods?; How can a corpus-based approach inform theories on the acquisition of tense and aspect specifically and of language acquisition in general?; Are results language-specific or can universal principles be established?; How pervasive are effects of mode/register within learner corpus data?; What role does native and non-native input play?; Which methodological challenges come to the fore when using corpus data instead of elicited data?; How can the notion of “target(-like)” performance be operationalized for corpus material?; Which implications do the findings from the learner corpora have for the teaching and learning of the target language?

Originally published as special issue of International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 4:2 (2018)

The importance of quality interpreting in legal and healthcare settings can never be stressed enough when any mistake – no matter how small – can compromise the delivery of justice or put someone’s health at risk. This book addresses issues arising from interpreting in legal and healthcare settings by presenting cutting-edge research findings in interpreting and interpreter education in a number of countries around the world – including those which are relatively new to the field. It contains selected papers from a conference dedicated to such themes – the First International Conference on Legal and Healthcare Interpreting – as well as other invited papers related to the fields of legal and healthcare interpreting. This book is useful not only to scholars and educators interpreters and translators working in legal or healthcare settings but also to legal and healthcare professionals who work with interpreters in their day-to-day work including judges lawyers police officers doctors midwives and nurses.

What is the best way to analyze spontaneous spoken language? In their search for the basic units of spoken language the authors of this volume opt for a corpus-driven approach. They share a strong conviction that prosodic structure is essential for the study of spoken discourse and each bring their own theoretical and practical experience to the table. In the first part of the book they segment spoken material from a range of different languages (Russian Hebrew Central Pomo (an indigenous language from California) French Japanese Italian and Brazilian Portuguese). In the second part of the book each author analyzes the same two spoken English samples but looking at them from different perspectives using different methods of analysis as reflected in their respective analyses in Part I. This approach allows for common tendencies of segmentation to emerge both prosodic and segmental.

The papers in this volume address the interplay of factors underlying the formation of intermediate varieties in the ‘dialect-standard’ landscape of present-day Europe. Research is presented on varieties of several different languages (Norwegian Dutch German Italian Spanish Greek) on speech communities with different (geo)political and sociolinguistic histories as well as on previously unexplored sociolinguistic situations. The contributions all share the twin characteristics of (a) robust scrutiny of structural variation and its links to both structural-systemic parameters and extralinguistic variables and (b) nuanced approaches to macro- and micro- level categories with the requisite theoretical and methodological fine-tuning. While focusing on different languages/language groups the papers in this volume share the common foci of bringing together structural and sociolinguistic considerations and of the concomitant necessary revisiting of methodologies. The data and analyses presented yield a firmer and more nuanced understanding of the dynamic permutations of cross-dialectal and dialect-to-standard convergence and the formation of intermediate varieties in different yet comparable contexts.

Differential Object marking (DOM) a linguistic phenomenon in which a direct object is morphologically marked for semantic and pragmatic reasons has attracted the attention of several subfields of linguistics in the past few years. DOM has evolved diachronically in many languages whereas it has disappeared from others; it is easily acquired by monolingual children but presents high instability and variability in bilingual acquisition and language contact situations. This edited collection contributes to further our understanding of the nature and development of DOM in the languages of the world in acquisition and in language contact variation and change. The thirteen chapters in this volume present new empirical data from Estonian Spanish Turkish Korean Hindi Romanian and Basque in different acquisition contexts and learner populations. They also bring together multiple theoretical and methodological perspectives to account for the complexity and dynamicity of this widespread linguistic phenomenon.

Current Theoretical and Applied Perspectives on Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics is a 15-chapter compilation written by both established and emerging scholars representing a wide array of theoretical methodological and empirical perspectives. Each chapter presents original and significant findings contextualizes them within the broader empirical work and identifies directions for future research on a variety of subfields of study such as phonetics/phonology studies formal acquisition theory second and heritage language acquisition language variation and linguistic landscapes. Given its scope and significance this volume will be of relevance to not only academics and researchers of all theoretical stripes but also to a more general audience new to the field of Hispanic and Lusophone linguistics.

This book examines the diverse forms of conversational humor with the help of examples drawn from casual interactions among Russian speakers. It argues that neither an exclusively discourse-analytic perspective on the phenomenon nor an exclusively cognitive one can adequately account for conversational joking. Instead the work advocates reconciling these two perspectives in order to describe such humor as a form of cognitive and communicative creativity by means of which interlocutors convey additional meanings and imply further interpretive frames. Accordingly in order to analyze cognition in interaction it introduces a discourse-semantic framework which complements mental spaces and blending theory with ideas from discourse analysis. On the one hand this enables both the emergent and interactive character and the surface features of conversational joking to be addressed. On the other it incorporates into the analysis those normally backgrounded cognitive processes responsible for the additional meanings emerging from and communicated by jocular utterances.

This volume integrates complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) and L2 writing scholarship through a collection of in-depth studies and commentary across a range of writing constructs learning contexts and second and foreign languages. The text is arranged thematically across four topics: (i) perspectives on complexity accuracy and fluency (ii) new constructs approaches and domains of L2-writing scholarship (iii) methodological issues and finally (iv) curricular perspectives. This work should appeal to graduate students and academics interested in expanded discussions on CDST highlighting its utility for theorizing and researching language change and to L2 writing scholars curious about how this fresh approach to researching L2 development can inform understandings of how L2 writing develops. As a CDST approach to language change has matured and taken a place among the dominant epistemologies in the field students and researchers of L2 development alike will benefit from this volume.

In this book the author uses a mental-model theory of communication to investigate the acclaimed British situation comedy The Office. The approach taken is multi-disciplinary and focuses on questions as:

What are mental models and what role do they play in communication in general and in creating and watching The Office in particular?

Whose mental models are involved in creating and watching The Office? How do these mental models relate to each other?

How exactly do the creators of The Office and their audience engage in constructing exchanging and coordinating mental models?

How do mental models and their comic use relate to humour and humour theories and what is the nature of play in the deployment of mental models in comedy?

The book is aimed at humour scholars from various backgrounds and at people interested in communication in general.

In recent years there has been increased interest in examining the treatment of language problems across different levels of society ranging from individual interactional issues to language policy and planning at the national or supra-national level. Among the various approaches to tackle this issue Language Management Theory (LMT) provides a framework to address behaviour towards language problems on differet levels explicitly and comprehensively. <br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>Using LMT as a unifying theoretical concept the chapters in this volume examine the links between micro and macro dimensions in their analyses of a variety of language problems in Asian and European contexts. This body of work illustrates that the LMT framework is able to show the characteristics of different dimensions clearly especially when combined with a conceptualization of the micro and macro as a continuum of intertwining elements. This volume will appeal both to those interested in language policy and planning as well as those interested in interaction between speakers from different language backgrounds.

This book opens with Angelika Kratzer and Luigi Rizzi talking about contemporary issues such as non-recursiveness of focus and the semantics of topics. The chapters climb down the spine from the left periphery to DP: the value of subjunctive across the history of German expressive expressions in Brazilian Portuguese left and right dislocation and the speaker’s perspective in Italian Brazilian double subjects and left dislocated topic long versus short wh-movement in Brazilian Portuguese and Quebec French low adverbs and the raising of the verb in Brazilian Portuguese ellipsis and null objects in Brazilian and European Portuguese and bare singulars in Brazilian Portuguese. The chapters propose original accounts for language variation and historical changes most of them focusing on Brazilian Portuguese a challenge to syntax and semantics. Thus the volume contributes to Brazilian and Portuguese Linguistics as well as to general and contemporary research on syntax and semantics of natural languages.

Whether you wish to deliver on a promise take a walk down memory lane or even on the wild side phraseological units (also often referred to as phrasemes or multiword expressions) are present in most communicative situations and in all world’s languages. Phraseology the study of phraseological units has therefore become a rare unifying theme across linguistic theories.

In recent years an increasing number of studies have been concerned with the computational treatment of multiword expressions: these pertain among others to their automatic identification extraction or translation and to the role they play in various Natural Language Processing applications. Computational Phraseology is a comparatively new field where better understanding and more advances are urgently needed. This book aims to address this pressing need by bringing together contributions focusing on different perspectives of this promising interdisciplinary field.

The present book is a selection of papers from the 14th International Conference on the History of the Language Sciences (Paris 2017). The volume is divided thematically into three parts: I. Notions and categories II. Representations and receptions III. Learning codification and the linguistic practices of social actors. The first part is especially concerned with data not easily handled by extant traditions of linguistic analysis and with constructs and perspectives which proved difficult to establish in the linguist’s descriptive apparatus. Part II groups six studies dealing with alternative representations of linguistic data and matters of interpretation and reception regarding the work of three important linguists (Saussure Jespersen Chomsky). The scope of part III embraces social and pedagogical practices as well as the involvement of linguists in questions of national identity.

The production and processing of collocations and formulaic language is a field of growing interest in corpus linguistics and experimental psycholinguistics. In the past this fascinating field at the interface of grammar and the lexicon has been mainly studied based on English native speakers while research focusing on second language speakers and language learners has been comparatively rare. This book proposes an integration of corpus-based and experimental methods by analysing language processing of collocation by advanced learners of English. In using corpus-derived collocational stimuli of native-like and learner-typical language use in an experimental setting it shows how advanced German L1 learners of English process native-like collocations L1-based interferences and non-collocating lexical combinations. This book is of interest to anyone interested in the psycholinguistic validity of collocation from a bilingual point of view as it explores methods of tracking collocational processing of speakers working with different sets of ‘collocational preferences’.

The multiplicity of parallel identities that make up our personalities is a phenomenon in which our individual identitary choices merge with diverse collective identities. The present volume is a contribution to the field of Identity Studies but from a clearly linguistic perspective. It unites several contributions which analyze discourses centered on national or regional identities – as for instance the Catalanity of the frontier city of Lleida the connection between the natural environment and the conceptualization of deictic space or the dialectics between center and periphery. Other chapters try to shed light on problems arising from the particular situation of Catalan as a non-state language. The contributions thus range from aspects of Cultural Studies on identities and their constituting discourses to Catalan linguistics and sociolinguistics.

This textbook serves a dual purpose. It is first a comprehensive introduction to historical linguistics intended for both undergraduate and graduate students who have taken at the least an introductory course in linguistics. Secondly unlike many such textbooks this one is based in the theoretical framework of Cognitive Linguistics a semantics-based theory which emphasizes the relationship between cognition and language. Descriptions and explanations touch on cognitive social and physiological aspects of language as it changes across time. Examples come principally from Germanic (English German Yiddish) and Romance (French and Spanish) but with some exploration of aspects of the history of other languages as well. Each chapter concludes with exercises based on material in the chapter and also with suggestions for extensions of the content to wider issues in diachronic linguistics.

The dynamics of language culture and identity are a major focus for many linguists and cognitive and cultural researchers. This book explores the inextricable connection that language has with cultural identity and cultural practices with a particular emphasis on how they contribute to shaping personal identity. The volume brings together selected peer-reviewed papers from the 7th International Conference on Language Culture and Mind with other specially commissioned chapters. Like the conference this book aims to enhance mutual understanding among researchers from diverse disciplinary and theoretical perspectives offering a wealth of insights to a wide range of readers on recent culturally oriented cognitive studies of language.