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L'Époque de la Renaissance (1400–1600) : Tome IV: Crises et essors nouveaux (1560–1610)
Oct 2000
Book
L’Époque de la Renaissance. Crises et essors nouveaux (1560–1610) a collaborative literary history of the second half of the sixteenth century in Europe responds to a number of challenges including those critical of the Renaissance concept itself in favour of a broader Early Modern concept. It inventories the writings of its chosen time-span in the broadest cultural sense while remaining attentive to the strong aesthetic emphases and achievements that prevailed. In its descriptions of literary phenomena the book takes into account their diverse historical contexts throughout Europe including eastern Europe thus often stressing differences rather than conformities. Its main divisions encompass the new tendencies towards authoritarian orders; the major intellectual adventures and questionings; the latter phases of humanistic erudition; the development of studies of history and society which will become bases for social sciences; the immense flowering of scientifically oriented literature; the Europe of the Courts; “myths” new and old (e.g. the replacement of the Petrarchan beloved by a less unreal vision of woman); the moral crisis and its literary manifestations; the Mannerist aesthetic and its adversaries; the spiritual renewal. The book is dedicated to the memory of its first director Tibor Klaniczay of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.This volume is part of a book set which can be ordered at a special discount: https://www.benjamins.com/series/chlel/chlel.special_offer_epo.pdf
Exploring the Self : Philosophical and psychopathological perspectives on self-experience
Oct 2000
Book
The aim of this volume is to discuss recent research into self-experience and its disordersand to contribute to a better integration of the different empirical and conceptual perspectives. Among the topics discussed are questions like ‘What is a self?’ ‘What is the relation between the self-givenness of consciousness and the givenness of the conscious self?’‘How should we understand the self-disorders encountered in schizophrenia?’ and ‘What general insights into the nature of the self can pathological phenomena provide us with?’ Most of the contributions are characterized by a distinct phenomenological approach.<br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>The chapters by Butterworth Strawson Zahavi and Marbach are general in nature and address different psychological and philosophical aspects of what it means to be a self. Next Eilan Parnas and Sass turn to schizophrenia and ask both how we should approach and understand this disorder and more specificallywhat we can learn about the nature of selfhood and existence from psychopathology. The chapters by Blakemore and Gallagher present a defense and a criticism of the so-called model of self-monitoring respectively. The final three chapters by Cutting Stanghellini Schwartz and Wiggins represent anthropologically oriented attempts to situate pathologies of self-experience.<br/>(Series B)
Francisco Varo's Grammar of the Mandarin Language (1703) : An English translation of ‘Arte de la lengua Mandarina’. With an Introduction by Sandra Breitenbach
Sept 2000
Book
Francisco Varo’s Arte de la Lengua Mandarina completed ca. 1680 is the earliest published grammar of any spoken form of Chinese and the fullest known description of the standard language of the seventeenth century. It establishes beyond doubt that this “Language of the Mandarins” was not Pekingese or Peking-based but had instead a Jiang-Huai or Nankingese-like phonology. It also provides important information about the nature and formation of pre-modern standard forms of Chinese and will lead to revisions of currently held views on Chinese koines and their relationship with regional speech forms and the received vernacular literature. Finally it provides a wealth ot information on stylistic speech levels honorific usage and social customs of the elite during the early Qing period.
The book provides a full translation of the 1703 text of the Arte an extensive introduction to the life and work of Varo an index of Chinese characters inserted into the translation and an index of linguistic terms and concepts. It should be of interest to a diverse readership of Chinese historical comparative and descriptive linguists students of Qing history and literature historiographers of linguistics and specialists in early Western religious and cultural contact with China.
The book provides a full translation of the 1703 text of the Arte an extensive introduction to the life and work of Varo an index of Chinese characters inserted into the translation and an index of linguistic terms and concepts. It should be of interest to a diverse readership of Chinese historical comparative and descriptive linguists students of Qing history and literature historiographers of linguistics and specialists in early Western religious and cultural contact with China.
Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing : Volume II: Selected papers from RANLP ’97
Sept 2000
Book
This volume brings together revised versions of a selection of papers presented at the Second International Conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing” (RANLP’97) held in Tzigov Chark Bulgaria September 1997. The aim of the conference was to give researchers the opportunity to present new results in Natural Language Processing (NLP) based both on traditional and modern theories and approaches. The conference received substantial interest — 167 submissions from more than 20 countries. The best papers from the proceedings were selected for this volume in the hope that they reflect the most significant and promising trends (and successful results) in NLP.<br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>The contributions have been grouped according to the following topics: tagging lexical issues and parsing word sense disambiguation and anaphora resolution semantics generation machine translation and categorisation and applications. The volume contains an extensive index.<br/>
Conversational Narrative : Storytelling in everyday talk
Sept 2000
Book
This book investigates the forms and functions of storytelling in everyday conversation. It develops a rhetoric of everyday storytelling through an integrated approach to both the internal structure and the contextual integration of narrative passages. It aims at a more complete picture of oral narrative through analysis of a wider range of natural data including personal anecdotes told for humor put-down stories told for self-aggrandizement family stories retold to ratify membership and so on as well as marginal stories and narrative-like passages to delineate the boundaries of conversational storytelling and to test the analytical techniques proposed.
Using transcriptions of stories from everyday talk Norrick explores disfluencies formulaicity and repetition as teller strategies and listener cues alongside global phenomena such as retelling and narrative macrostructures. He also extends his analysis to narrative jokes from conversation and to narrative passages in drama namely Shakespeare’s “Romeo & Juliet” and Beckett’s “Endgame”.
Using transcriptions of stories from everyday talk Norrick explores disfluencies formulaicity and repetition as teller strategies and listener cues alongside global phenomena such as retelling and narrative macrostructures. He also extends his analysis to narrative jokes from conversation and to narrative passages in drama namely Shakespeare’s “Romeo & Juliet” and Beckett’s “Endgame”.
A Practical Guide to Localization
Sept 2000
Book
A Practical Guide to Localization was written for technical translators localization engineers testing engineers desktop publishers project managers and anyone else who may be involved in the release of multilingual products.In this second edition translators can learn more about localizing software online help and documentation files and the latest translation technology tools. Localization engineers can learn all about developing engineering and testing multilingual software and online help projects. For project managers there is all the information needed for planning translation and localization projects finding resources and ensuring product quality. New to this second fully updated and revised edition are chapters on internationalization multilingual desktop publishing and software quality assurance. The book has been designed both as a reference work and a teaching tool.
Bert Esselink has been active in localization for over a decade. After graduating in technical translation and taking university classes in programming and computational linguistics he worked for several years as software localizer localization engineer and technical project manager at International Software Products. In 1996 he joined ALPNET in Amsterdam as localization manager before taking on the role of globalization manager developing internal production quality standards. In January 2000 Bert joined Lionbridge to head up their European globalization consulting services.
Bert Esselink has been active in localization for over a decade. After graduating in technical translation and taking university classes in programming and computational linguistics he worked for several years as software localizer localization engineer and technical project manager at International Software Products. In 1996 he joined ALPNET in Amsterdam as localization manager before taking on the role of globalization manager developing internal production quality standards. In January 2000 Bert joined Lionbridge to head up their European globalization consulting services.
Wh-Scope Marking
Sept 2000
Book
This volume is the first comprehensive overview of the syntax and semantics of wh-scope marking. Wh-scope marking constructions have recently received a lot of attention; their very existence and their intricate properties have important consequences for syntax semantics and the syntax–semantics interface (e.g. with respect to the wh-criterion the wh-movement parameter feature checking the theory of locality the interpretation of wh-phrases and why-chains and the nature of LF). The fifteen contributions share the basic assumptions of the Chomskyan approach to syntax and the model-theoretic approach to semantics; they address a variety of languages (among them German Hindi Hungarian English Frisian Kikuyu and Malay). A recurrent theme in all articles is whether wh-scope marking should be analyzed in terms of a direct indirect or mixed dependency. The wealth of cross-linguistic empirical evidence and the theory-independent relevance of the conclusions should make this book the ultimate source of information on wh-scope marking for years to come.
Arguments and Case : Explaining Burzio’s Generalization
Sept 2000
Book
The ideas presented by the contributions in this volume originated in a workshop on Burzio’s generalization. Burzio’s Generalization (BG) states that a verb which does not assign an external theta-role to its subject does not assign structural accusative Case to an object and conversely. It connects cross-linguistic similarities between e.g. passives raising verbs and unaccusatives. However it does so by linking very different properties of a predicate. This raises fundamental questions about its theoretical status. The contributions in this volume explore BG’s theoretical basis. A consensus emerges that BG is in fact an epiphenomenon due to the interaction of different principles of grammar. Moreover the contributions show a striking convergence as to how BG is ultimately derived. The results obtained make a significant contribution to the further development of theories of Case and thematic relations. <br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>
Fashion and Utopia in Management Thinking
Sept 2000
Book
Why is it that people in organizations seem to be so vulnerable to management fashion and guruism? And why is it that both phenomena are loathed in traditional academic thinking about management and organization?
In this book René ten Bos argues for a more philosophical rather than scientific understanding of management fashion. In doing so he questions the positivist and utopian orthodoxies that have pervaded management thinking. Ten Bos contends that management fashion is a cultural phenomenon that deserves serious reflection not only because it is so immensely widespread but also because its seems to satisfy particular philosophical needs among its consumers.
Building upon some rather unusual sources in postmodern theory the author argues that management fashion might encourage the practitioner to engage in philosophical self-experimentation and to adopt alternative forms of understanding. However it is also argued that management fashion often fails to keep up to this promise because it remains paradoxically incapable of laying off its rationalist cloak.René ten Bos is a philosopher and management consultant. He works for Schouten & Nelissen and took his PhD at the Catholic University of Brabant.
In this book René ten Bos argues for a more philosophical rather than scientific understanding of management fashion. In doing so he questions the positivist and utopian orthodoxies that have pervaded management thinking. Ten Bos contends that management fashion is a cultural phenomenon that deserves serious reflection not only because it is so immensely widespread but also because its seems to satisfy particular philosophical needs among its consumers.
Building upon some rather unusual sources in postmodern theory the author argues that management fashion might encourage the practitioner to engage in philosophical self-experimentation and to adopt alternative forms of understanding. However it is also argued that management fashion often fails to keep up to this promise because it remains paradoxically incapable of laying off its rationalist cloak.René ten Bos is a philosopher and management consultant. He works for Schouten & Nelissen and took his PhD at the Catholic University of Brabant.
Bridging and Relevance
Sept 2000
Book
While it has long been taken for granted that context or background information plays a crucial role in reference assignment there have been very few serious attempts to investigate exactly how they are used. This study provides an answer to the question through an extensive analysis of cases of bridging. The book demonstrates that when encountering a referring expression the hearer is able to choose a set of contextual assumptions intended by the speaker in a principled way out of all the assumptions possibly available to him. It claims more specifically that the use of context as well as the assignment of referent is governed by a single pragmatic principle namely the principle of relevance (Sperber & Wilson 1986/1995) which is also a single principle governing overall utterance interpretation. The explanatory power of the criterion based on the principle of relevance is tested against the two major current alternatives — truth-based criteria and coherence-based criteria — using data elicited in a battery of referent assignment questionnaires. The results show clearly that the relevance-based criterion has more predictive power to handle a wider range of examples than any other existing criterion. As such this work adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the insights of relevance theory.
The work has been awarded the 2001 Ichikawa Award for the best achievement in English Linguistics by a young scholar in Japan.
The work has been awarded the 2001 Ichikawa Award for the best achievement in English Linguistics by a young scholar in Japan.
Sprache und Dialektik in der Aristotelischen Philosophie
Sept 2000
Book
Entgegen der Ansicht Aristoteles sei als Sprachphilosoph und -wissenschaftler “nur sehr wenig über Platon hinausgekommen” (H. Arens R. Haller u.a.) will die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigen daß Aristoteles einen tiefgreifenden Einschnitt in der Entwicklung der Sprachwissenschaft und -philosophie markiert. Er hat — in Grundzügen — die erste semantische Theorie entworfen hat als erster eine Schrift über den (Aussage-) Satz verfaßt und hat in der Poetik den ersten systematischen Abriß einer wissenschaftlichen Grammatik vorgelegt.
Eine der wesentlichen Ursachen für den Fortschrift innerhalb der antiken sprachphilosophischen Forschung ist in der veränderten Einstellung zur Sprache zu sehen. Bei Aristoteles ist die Identität von Sprache und Denken weitgehend zerbrochen. War für Platon die Sprache noch das Medium in dem sich jedwede Form der philosophischen Erkenntnis realisierte so ist die Sprache für Aristoteles (bloß) Ausdruck des Denkens symbolische Repräsentation von Inhalten der Seele. Hierdurch wurde die Voraussetzung dafür geschaffen daî sich die Sprache als eigenständiger Gegenstand der Forschung etablieren konnte. Zugleich aber kam es bei Aristoteles zu einer Abwertung der Sprache und (im Zusammenhang damit) zu einer Neubewertung der Dialektik. Für Aristoteles bildet die Dialektik nicht mehr das Zentrum der Philosophie sondern wird zu einem — allerdings unverzichtbaren — Instrument der philosophischen Forschung.
Eine der wesentlichen Ursachen für den Fortschrift innerhalb der antiken sprachphilosophischen Forschung ist in der veränderten Einstellung zur Sprache zu sehen. Bei Aristoteles ist die Identität von Sprache und Denken weitgehend zerbrochen. War für Platon die Sprache noch das Medium in dem sich jedwede Form der philosophischen Erkenntnis realisierte so ist die Sprache für Aristoteles (bloß) Ausdruck des Denkens symbolische Repräsentation von Inhalten der Seele. Hierdurch wurde die Voraussetzung dafür geschaffen daî sich die Sprache als eigenständiger Gegenstand der Forschung etablieren konnte. Zugleich aber kam es bei Aristoteles zu einer Abwertung der Sprache und (im Zusammenhang damit) zu einer Neubewertung der Dialektik. Für Aristoteles bildet die Dialektik nicht mehr das Zentrum der Philosophie sondern wird zu einem — allerdings unverzichtbaren — Instrument der philosophischen Forschung.
Sign Language in Indo-Pakistan : A description of a signed language
Aug 2000
Book
To find a suitable framework for the description of a previously undocumented language is all the more challenging in the case of a signed language. In this book for the first time an indigenous Asian sign language used in deaf communities in India and Pakistan is described on all linguistically relevant levels. This grammatical sketch aims at providing a concise yet comprehensive picture of the language. It covers a substantial part of Indopakistani Sign Language grammar. Topics discussed range from properties of individual signs to principles of discourse organization. Important aspects of morphological structure and syntactic regularities are summarized. Finally sign language specific grammatical mechanisms such as spatially realized syntax and the use of facial expressions also figure prominently in this book. A 300-word dictionary with graphic representations of signs and a transcribed sample text complement the grammatical description. <br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>The cross-linguistic study of signed languages is only just beginning. Descriptive materials such as the ones presented in this book provide the necessary starting point for further empirical and theoretical research in this direction.
Greek and Indo-European Etymology in Action : Proto-Indo-European *aǵ-
Aug 2000
Book
This study resurrects the genre of Wortstudien contributions or lexilogus treatments the core of historical lexical semantics. Such studies used to be quite popular and interest in lexical matters is again rising. The word family around the Indo-European root *aǵ- ‘drive’ is placed against its Germanic replacement drive as a typological parallel. Many long-standing problems can now be solved and new hypotheses emerge. Starting with the still important sports and games aspect of social life new morphology is resurrected (agṓn ‘games’ as an original plural; §2) and a strongly social meaning for ‘good’ (agathós; §3). Aganós finds its solution that combines the ‘mild’ and plant readings in a natural way (§4). Hunting-and-gathering considerations establish new possibilities or certainties for some ‘wealth’ words (§6) and all around religion is involved (§7). Comparable Baltic Finnic evidence is drawn in (§8) and such evidence is used to discuss cases on both sides. This way explanations for the Indo-European material are strengthened or even made possible in the first place and scores of Baltic Finnic words find attractive (driving) loan hypotheses as their etymologies.
Essays on Definition
Aug 2000
Book
This collection of essays on definitions from Plato and Aristotle to modern times assembles interesting sometimes less widely known and controversial texts. They examine the subject from the point of view of philosophy which is essential for a theory of terminology seeking to establish the relationship between concepts and terms. These essays deal mainly with theoretical issues but they also consider the practice of defining and therefore serve as background to all manner of studies in terminology. In addition they form a useful complement to the better known discussions of definitions in lexicography.
History and Perspectives of Language Study : Papers in honor of Ranko Bugarski. .
Aug 2000
Book
Each of the contributions in this volume expresses in some way the hope that it is possible to achieve an integrity of linguistics understood as a science of man in its psychological sociological pragmatic and cultural context. The first section focuses on the history of language study the second section on the integrative description of facets of language and the last section on the need for the study of language in context.<br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>
Grammaticization, Synchronic Variation, and Language Contact : A study of Spanish progressive -ndo constructions
Aug 2000
Book
This study of Old Spanish and present-day Mexico and New Mexico data develops a grammaticization account of variation in progressive constructions. Diachronic changes in cooccurrence patterns show that grammaticization involves reductive change driven by frequency increases. Formal reduction results in the emergence of auxilliary-plus-gerund sequences as fused units. Semantically the constructions originate as spatial expressions; their grammaticization involves gradual loss of locative features of meaning. Semantic generalization among parallel evolutionary paths results in the competition among different constructions in the domain of progressive aspect. Patterns of synchronic variation follow from both the retention of meaning differences and the routinization of frequent collocations as well as sociolinguistic factors. Register considerations turn out to be crucial in evaluating the effects of language contact. Purported changes in Spanish — English bilingual varieties are largely a feature of oral informal language rather than a manifestation of convergence.
Terminology and Language Planning : An alternative framework of practice and discourse
Aug 2000
Book
Changing socio-political landscapes the dynamics of ‘glocalisation’ among other factors are spawning new policy attitudes towards multilingualism and again putting language planning (LP) on the map – in a manner reminiscent of the 1960s and 1970s. With respect to terminology this book suggests that to be relevant and sustainable current LP would have to define its mission as the deregulation of access to specialised knowledge and correspondingly be founded on substantially different methods and theoretical bases: epistemology and ontology of specialised domains; research on language for special purposes (LSP) and collocations; corpus linguistics; knowledge extraction and knowledge representation; language engineering technologies. On the one hand the book recommends itself to decision-makers and language planning project managers. On the other it should be of interest to students of LSP and terminology language planning concept and object theories knowledge modelling artificial intelligence text and corpus management translation process analysis text and African linguistics.
Die Disputatio de anima rationali secundum substantiam des Nicolaus Baldelli S.J. nach dem Pariser Codex B.N. lat. 16627 : Eine Studie zur Ablehnung des Averroismus und Alexandrismus am Collegium Romanum zu Anfang des 17. Jahrhunderts
Aug 2000
Book
The Disputationes in libros De anima contained in the Paris Codex B.N. lat. 16627 were recorded for centuries under the name Cesare Cremonini. This study shows the Disputationes to be a transcript of a lecture held by the Jesuit Nicolaus Baldelli (1573-1655) and so on the basis of the only known manuscript makes accessible a text instructive for the standard and method of the Aristoteles interpretation pursued at the Collegium Romanum during the early 17th century. The edition of the third Disputatio de anima rationali secundum substantiam that follows shows in exemplary fashion the position taken by the author to the three most important and controversial disputes in rational psychology: Is the rational soul of man only a forma assistens as contended by Averroes or as canonically laid down since the Council of Vienna a genuine forma informans? Is the soul mortal as Alexander of Aphrodisias asserted or since the Fifth Lateran Council’s article of faith immortal? Is the possible intellect as assumed by Averroes the same in all men or is it individually different? The study categorizes Baldelli’s teachings on these issues into the Latin Aristotelianism doxographically. An index nominum completes the volume.Die in dem Pariser Codex B.N. lat. 16627 enthaltenen Disputationes in libros De anima wurden jahrhundertelang unter dem Namen Cesare Cremoninis geführt. Die vorliegende Studie erweist die Disputationes als Nachschrift einer Vorlesung des Jesuiten Nicolaus Baldelli (1573-1655) und macht damit einen für das Niveau und die Methode der Aristoteleserklärung am Collegium Romanum im frühen 17. Jahrhundert aufschluîreichen Text nach der einzigen Handschrift zugänglich. Die sich anschlieîende Edition der dritten Disputatio de anima rationali secundum substantiam zeigt exemplarisch die Stellung des Autors zu den drei wichtigsten Streitfragen der rationalen Psychologie: Ist die vernünftige Seele des Menschen mit Averroes nur eine forma assistens oder wie seit dem Konzil von Vienne kanonisch eine echte forma informans? Ist sie mit Alexander von Aphrodisias sterblich oder wie seit dem fünften Laterankonzil Glaubenssatz unsterblich? Ist der mögliche Intellekt wie Averroes annimmt einer in allen Menschen oder ist er individuell in jedem verschieden? Die Studie ordnet Baldellis Lehrinhalte in diesen Fragen doxographisch in den lateinischen Aristotelismus ein. Der Band wird durch einen Index nominum erschlossen.
Word Order in Hungarian : The syntax of Ā-positions
Aug 2000
Book
Hungarian word-order is characterized by large scale preposing of constituents to sentence-initial positions. This study examines systematically the elements which occur in the left periphery. Focal wh- and negative operators which have scope over the whole sentence must appear in the left periphery overtly; topicalized elements precede the scope operators and appear in an organized system as well. The author proposes that the structure of the Hungarian sentence comprises a rich set of left-peripheral functional projections organized into sub-systems like the Scope field and the Topic field. On the basis of the structure of Hungarian the study proposes to consider these sub-systems as being in turn split that is hierarchically organized into specific functional projections.
The study also examines the well-formedness conditions linked to multiple preposing. It is shown that the various well-formedness criteria apply overtly in Hungarian. This enables to make a direct link between the scope properties of affective operators and the articulated structure of the left periphery.
The study also examines the well-formedness conditions linked to multiple preposing. It is shown that the various well-formedness criteria apply overtly in Hungarian. This enables to make a direct link between the scope properties of affective operators and the articulated structure of the left periphery.
English Sentence Analysis : An introductory course
Aug 2000
Book
English Sentence Analysis: An introductory course is designed as a 10-week course for students of English Language and Literature Linguistics or other language related fields. In 10 weeks the student will be proficient in English analysis at sentence clause and phrase level and have a solid understanding of the traditional terms and concepts of English syntax. This introduction prepares for practical courses in grammar and writing skills and for theoretical courses in syntactic argumentation.
The Course Book provides
sentence structures in clear graphics;
logically structured chapters with Introductions and Summaries;
exercises with quotations and excerpts from English American and Australian literature and pop songs.
English Sentence Analysis: An introductory course has been classroom tested at various universities. The students seem to enjoy the ‘dreaded’ syntax course and pass rates have gone up significantly from 50 to 70%.
Originally this book was accompanied by a CD-rom with a Practice Program for Windows. The Practice Program on CD-rom is not updated anymore by its creators and as a result is no longer compatible with current Windows versions. For this reason we have ceased to include it with the book.
The Course Book provides
sentence structures in clear graphics;
logically structured chapters with Introductions and Summaries;
exercises with quotations and excerpts from English American and Australian literature and pop songs.
English Sentence Analysis: An introductory course has been classroom tested at various universities. The students seem to enjoy the ‘dreaded’ syntax course and pass rates have gone up significantly from 50 to 70%.
Originally this book was accompanied by a CD-rom with a Practice Program for Windows. The Practice Program on CD-rom is not updated anymore by its creators and as a result is no longer compatible with current Windows versions. For this reason we have ceased to include it with the book.