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The ‘Mixed Game Model’ represents a holistic theory of dialogue which starts from human beings’ competence-in-performance and describes how language is integrated in a general theory of human action and behaviour. Human beings are able to adapt to changing conditions and to pursue their interests by the integrated use of various communicative means mainly verbal perceptual and cognitive. The core unit is the dialogic action game or ‘the mixed game’ with human beings at the centre acting and reacting in cultural surroundings. The key to opening up the complex whole is human beings’ nature. The Mixed Game Model demonstrates how the different disciplines of the natural and social sciences and the humanities are mutually interconnected. After a detailed overview of the state of the art the fundamentals of the theory are laid down. They include a typology of action games which ranges from minimal games to complex institutional games. The description is illustrated by analyses of authentic games.

As of July 2024 this e-book is available as Open Access under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

The fourteen contributions in this collection come from different approaches in pragmatics interactional linguistics conversation analysis discourse analysis and dialogue analysis; the name given to what is studied ranges from spoken language and conversation to interaction dialogue discourse and communication. What the articles have in common is a similar starting point: they are informed by a form of linguistic understanding which has emerged within what could be called the interactional turn. The materials investigated come from several different languages representing a variety of interactions: private and public written and spoken historical and present-day. While studies of such diverse materials naturally differ in their starting points goals and aims engaging them in a dialogue can help reveal where old beliefs may be challenged and new understandings may emerge. The interactional approaches to discourse presented in this volume show that there are several discourses on interaction: interconnected parallel but also varying and even divergent.

How and why do all children learn language? Why do some have difficulties while others are early language learners? What are the consequences of early bilingualism? Is it possible to reach native-like competence in a foreign language? Although we still cannot fully answer these questions research during the last two decades has begun to solve some pieces of the puzzle. This book proposes an interdisciplinary collection of writings from some of the best specialists across several fields in cognitive science offering a wide sample of recent advances in the study of first language acquisition bilingualism second language acquisition and disorders of oral language. It is addressed to all researchers and students interested in language acquisition as well as to teachers clinicians and parents who will find therein many new findings and varied methodological approaches as well as challenging questions that are still debated and in need of further research.

Gestures are prevalent in communication and tightly linked to language and speech. As such they can shed important light on issues of language development across the lifespan. This volume originally published as a Special Issue of Gesture Volume 8:2 (2008) brings together studies from different disciplines that examine language development in children and adults from varying perspectives. It provides a review of common theoretical and empirical themes and the contributions address topics such as gesture use in prelinguistic infants the relationship between gestures and lexical development in typically and atypically developing children and in second language learners what gestures reveal about discourse and how all languages that adult second language speakers know can influence each other. The papers exemplify a vibrant new field of study with relevance for multiple disciplines.

This book is the first comprehensive survey of mood in the languages of Europe. It gives readers access to a collection of data on mood. Each article presents the mood system of a specific European language in a way that readers not familiar with this language are able to understand and to interpret the data. The articles contain information on the morphology and semantics of the mood system the possible combinations of tense and mood morphology and the possible uses of the non-indica­tive mood(s). The papers address the explanation of mood from an empirical and descriptive perspective. This book is of interest to scholars of mood and modality language contact and areal linguistics and typology.

This book presents an innovative analysis that relates informational structure syntax and morphology in Quechua. It provides a minimalist account of the relationship between focus topic evidentiality and other left-peripheral features and sentence-internal constituents marked with suffixes that have been previously considered of a pragmatic nature. Intervention effects show that these relationships are also of a syntactic nature. The analysis is extended to morphological markers that appear on polarity sensitive items and wh-words. The book also provides a brief overview of the main characteristics of Quechua syntax as well as additional bibliographical information.

The volume examines the role of narratives in old and new media. Its ten contributions firstly center on the various forms and functions narratives assume in computer-mediated environments e.g. websites weblogs message boards etc. In this light past and present approaches to the description of narratives are presented and reevaluated based on their ability to capture the conceptual and methodological exigencies of new media. Secondly the volume sheds new light upon the multimodal composition of new media narratives which typically feature multiple co-occurring semiotic modes such as speech sound text static or moving images. In this vein each paper explores a wide array of authentic examples from text genres as diverse as political speeches real-time narratives and contemporary feature films. Its wide scope should not only appeal to linguists interested in the discursive and pragmatic dimension of narratives but also to scholars and students in other scientific disciplines.

This monograph presents an experimental and theoretical inquiry into the role of sentential form and variation in the prosodic structure of Catalan. The empirical section examines intonational phrasing across sentence forms including SVO structures with either nominal or sentential objects and structures involving clitic left- and right-dislocations. The results show variation in phrasing that depends on syntactic factors and non-syntactic factors such as topic-hood and prosodic binarity. The theoretical section uses Stochastic Optimality Theory to model the variation and frequency distributions associated with the observed prosodic patterns. Various syntactic and non-syntactic factors are represented by alignment constraints which play a major role in Catalan and by constraints that limit size and those that limit the overall amount of prosodic structure. This study represents a combined approach to prosody and syntax and is of particular relevance for theoretical and empirical linguists interested in the relationship between these domains both in Catalan and other languages.

Language documentation also often called documentary linguistics is a relatively new subfield in linguistics which has emerged in part as a response to the pressing need for collecting describing and archiving material on the increasing number of endangered languages. The present book details the most recent developments in this rapidly developing field with papers written by linguists primarily based in academic institutions in North America although many conduct their fieldwork elsewhere. The articles in this volume — position papers and case studies — focus on some of the most critical issues in the field. These include (1) the nature of contributions to linguistic theory and method provided by documentary linguistics including the content appropriate for documentation; (2) the impact and demands of technology in documentation; (3) matters of practice in collaborations among linguists and communities and in the necessary training of students and community members to conduct documentation activities; and (4) the ethical issues involved in documentary linguistics.

This interdisciplinary study investigates the relationship between culture language and cognition based on the aspects of social structure space and possession in Tonga Polynesia. Grounded on extensive field research Völkel explores the subject from an anthropological as well as from a linguistic perspective. The book provides new insights into the language of respect an honorific system which is deeply anchored in the societal hierarchy spatial descriptions that are determined by socio-cultural and geocentric parameters kinship terminology and possessive categories that perfectly express the system of social status inequalities among relatives. These examples impressively show that language is deeply anchored in its cultural context. Moreover the linguistic structures reflect the underlying cognitive frame of its speakers. Just as several cultural practices (sitting order access to land and gift exchange processes) the linguistic means are not only expressions of stratified social networks but also tools to maintain or negotiate the underlying socio-cultural system.

The articles in this edited volume represent a range of approaches to studying the role of verbal aspect in grammatical variation. Issues addressed include: defining the variable context; operationalizing aspectual distinctions as factors conditioning linguistic variation; and the appropriate number of aspectual distinctions and levels. Apart from bringing to light various methodological and analytical issues this volume gathers together a unique collection of original research based on spoken- and written-language corpora of an array of languages and linguistic varieties: African American Vernacular English Caribbean English and English-based creole Indian English Newfoundland English Canadian French Brazilian Portuguese Ecuadorian Spanish Mexican Spanish and Peninsular Spanish. This volume should not only benefit research on grammatical variation but also be of interest more generally to the study of verbal aspect.

What happens when a canonically transitive form meets a canonically transitive meaning and what happens when this doesn’t happen? How do dyadic forms relate to monadic ones and what are the entailments of the operations that the grammar uses to relate one to the other? Collecting original expert work from acquisition processing typological and theoretical syntax-semantics research this volume provides a state of the art as well as cutting edge discussion of central issues in the realm of Transitivity. These include the definition and role of "Natural Transitivity" the interpretation and repercussions of valency changing operations and differential case marking and the interactions between (in)transitive Gestalts in different categories and at different levels of representation.

This is corpus linguistics with a text linguistic focus. The volume concerns lexical inequality the fact that some words and phrases share the quality of being key – and thereby reflect or promote important themes – in some textual contexts while others do not. The patterning of words which differ in their centrality to text meaning is of increasing interest to corpus linguistics. At the same time software resources are yielding increasingly more detailed ways of identifying and studying the linkages between key words and phrases in text databases. This volume brings together work from some of the leading researchers in this field. It presents thirteen studies organized in three sections the first containing a series of studies exploring the nature of keyness itself then a set of five studies looking at keyness in specific discourse contexts and then three studies with an educational focus.

The ten volumes of the Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While the other volumes select specific philosophical cognitive grammatical cultural interactional or discursive angles this sixth volume focuses on the dynamic aspects of language and reviews the relevant developments in variationist and diachronic scholarship. The areas explored in the volume concern several general themes: specific methodological approaches from comparative reconstruction to evolutionary pragmatics; issues in intra-lingual variation in terms of standard and non-standard varieties; cross-linguistic variation including its cross-cultural dimension; and the study of diachronic relations across linguistic patterns including changes in all areas of pragmatic patterns and categories. The contributions document two prominent and interrelated trends that shape contemporary variationist and diachronic research. One it has moved from situating change within context-independent systems toward incorporating patterns of language use and the speaker’s role in language change. And two it has reoriented its focus away from cataloguing instances of variation and toward seeking theoretically informed accounts that aim at explaining variation and change. On the whole the volume argues for accepting and developing actively a systematic connection between research in diachrony synchronic variation and typology while also incorporating the socio-cognitive perspective in linguistic analysis as a particularly promising source of useful methodology and explanatory models.

Based on the analysis of conversations between French and Australian English speakers discussing various topics including their experiences as non-native speakers in France or Australia this book combines subjective personal testimonies with an objective linguistic analysis of the expression of opinion in discourse.

It offers a new perspective on French and Australian English interactional style by examining the discourse markers I think je pense je crois and je trouve. It is shown that the prosody intonation unit position and the surrounding context of these markers are all fundamental to their function and meaning in interaction. In addition this book offers the first detailed comparative semantic study of the three comparative French expressions in interaction.

The book will appeal to all those interested in linguistics French and Australian English interactional style cross-cultural communication and discourse analysis. Students and teachers of French will be interested in the semantic analysis of the French expressions the authentic interactional data and the personal testimonies of the participants.

The fourteen studies selected for this volume – all of them peer-reviewed versions of papers presented at the 15th International Conference on English Historical Linguistics 2008 (23–30 August) at the University of Munich – investigate syntactic variation and change in the history of English from two perspectives that are crucial to explaining language change namely the analysis of usage patterns and the social motivations of language change. Documenting the way syntactic elements have changed their combinatory preferences in fine-grained corpus studies renders the opportunity to catch language change in actu. A majority of studies in this book investigate syntactic change in the history of English from this viewpoint using a corpus-based approach focusing on verbal constructions modality and developments in the English noun phrase.

The book is of primary interest to linguists interested in current research in the history of English syntax. Its empirical richness is an excellent source for teaching English Historical Syntax.

Volume II to be announced soon.

A fascinating cornucopia of new ideas based on fundamentals of neurobiology psychology psychiatry and therapy this book extends boundaries of current concepts of consciousness. Its eclectic mix will simulate and challenge not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. Contributions from top researchers in consciousness and related fields project diverse ideas focused mainly on conscious nonconscious interactions: <br xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/"/>1. Paving the way for new research on basic scientific - physiological pharmacological or neurochemical - mechanisms underpinning conscious experience (‘bottom up’ approach); <br/>2. Providing directions on how psychological processes are involved in consciousness (‘top down’ approach); <br/>3. Indicating how including consciousness could lead to new understanding of mental disorders such as schizophrenia depression dementia and addiction;<br/> 4. More provocatively but still based on scientific evidence exploring consciousness beyond conventional boundaries indicating the potential for radical new thinking or ‘quantum leaps’ in neuroscientific theories of consciousness. (Series B)

Experimental Methods in Language Acquisition Research provides students and researchers interested in language acquisition with comprehensible and practical information on the most frequently used methods in language acquisition research. It includes contributions on first and child/adult second language learners language-impaired children and on the acquisition of both spoken and signed language. Part I discusses specific experimental methods explaining the rationale behind each one and providing an overview of potential participants the procedure and data-analysis as well as advantages and disadvantages and dos and don’ts. Part II focuses on comparisons across groups addressing the theoretical applied and methodological issues involved in such comparative work. This book will not only be of use to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students but also to any scholars wishing to learn more about a particular research method. It is suitable as a textbook in postgraduate programs in the fields of linguistics education and psychology.

First published as a Special Issue of Interpreting (10:1 2008) and complemented with two articles published in Interpreting (12:1 2010) this volume provides a panoramic view of the complex and uniquely constrained practice of court interpreting. In an array of empirical papers the nine authors explore the potential of court interpreters to make or break the proceedings from the perspectives of the minority language speaker and of the other participants. The volume offers thoughtful overviews of the tensions and conflicts typically associated with the practice of court interpreting. It looks at the attitudes of judicial authorities towards interpreting and of interpreters towards the concept of a code of ethics. With further themes such as the interplay of different groups of "linguists" at the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal and the language rights of indigenous communities it opens novel perspectives on the study of interpreting at the interface between the letter of the law and its implementation.

This book investigates how Japanese participants accommodate to and make use of genre-specific characteristics to make stories tellable create interpersonal involvement negotiate responsibility and show their personal selves. The analyses of storytelling in casual conversation animation narratives television talk shows survey interviews and large university lectures focus on participation/participatory framework topical coherence involvement knowledge the story recipient’s role prosody and nonverbal behavior. Story tellers across genre are shown to use linguistic/paralinguistic (prosody reported speech style shifting demonstratives repetition ellipsis co-construction connectives final particles onomatopoeia) and nonverbal (gesture gaze head nodding) devices to involve their recipients and recipients also use a multiple of devices (laughter repetition responsive forms posture changes) to shape the development of the stories. Nonverbal behavior proves to be a rich resource and constitutive feature of storytelling across genre. The analyses also shed new light on grammar across genre (ellipsis demonstratives clause combining) and illustrate a variety of methods for studying genre.

Fillers are items that speakers insert in spontaneous speech as a repair strategy. Types of fillers include hesitation markers and placeholders. Both are used to fill pauses that arise during planning problems or in lexical retrieval failure. However while hesitation markers may not bear any resemblance to lexical items they replace placeholders typically share some morphosyntactic properties with the target form. Additionally fillers can function as a pragmatic tool in order to replace lexical items that the speaker wants to avoid mentioning for some reason. The present volume is the first collection on the topic of fillers and will be a useful reference work for future investigations on the topic. It consists of typological surveys and in-depth studies exploring the form and use of fillers across languages and sections of different populations including cognitively impaired speakers. The volume will be interesting to typologists and linguists working in discourse studies.

Types and stereotypes is the fourth and last volume of a path-breaking multinational literary history that incorporates innovative features relevant to the writing of literary history in general. Instead of offering a traditional chronological narrative of the period 1800-1989 the History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe approaches the region’s literatures from five complementary angles focusing on literature’s participation in and reaction to key political events literary periods and genres the literatures of cities and sub-regions literary institutions and figures of representation. The main objective of the project is to challenge the self-enclosure of national literatures in traditional literary histories to contextualize them in a regional perspective and to recover individual works writers and minority literatures that national histories have marginalized or ignored.

Types and stereotypes brings together articles that rethink the figures of National Poets figurations of the Family Women Outlaws and Others as well as figures of Trauma and Mediation. As in the previous three volumes the historical and imaginary figures discussed here constantly change and readjust to new political and social conditions. An Epilogue complements the basic history focusing on the contradictory transformations of East-Central European literary cultures after 1989. This volume will be of interest to the region’s literary historians to students and teachers of comparative literature to cultural historians and to the general public interested in exploring the literatures of a rich and resourceful cultural region.This volume is part of a book set which can be ordered at a special discount: https://www.benjamins.com/series/chlel/chlel.special_offer.literarycultures.pdf

The Minimalist Program has advanced a research program that builds the design of human language from conceptual necessity. Seminal proposals by Frampton & Gutmann (1999 2000 2002) introduced the notion that an ideal syntactic theory should be ‘crash-proof’. Such a version of the Minimalist Program (or any other linguistic theory) would not permit syntactic operations to produce structures that ‘crash’. There have however been some recent developments in Minimalism – especially those that approach linguistic theory from a biolinguistic perspective (cf. Chomsky 2005 et seq.) – that have called the pursuit of a ‘crash-proof grammar’ into serious question. The papers in this volume take on the daunting challenge of defining exactly what a ‘crash’ is and what a ‘crash-proof grammar’ would look like and of investigating whether or not the pursuit of a ‘crash-proof grammar’ is biolinguistically appealing.

Parts of Speech are a central aspect of linguistic theory and analysis. Though a long-established tradition in Western linguistics and philosophy has assumed the validity of Parts of Speech in the study of language there are still many questions left unanswered. For example should Parts of Speech be treated as descriptive tools or are they to be considered universal constructs? Is it possible to come up with cross-linguistically valid formal categories or are categories of language structure ultimately language-specific? Should they be defined semantically syntactically or otherwise? Do non-Indo-European languages reveal novel aspects of categorical assignment? This volume attempts to answer these and other fundamental questions for linguistic theory and its methodology by offering a range of contributions that spans diverse theoretical persuasions and contributes to our understanding of Parts of Speech with analyses of new data sets.

These articles were originally published in Studies in Language 32:3 (2008).

This volume presents original comparative and contrastive research into various aspects of information structure (topic focus contrastivity givenness anaphoricity) as well as into forms and structures whose realisation depends on information-structural factors (clefts dislocations reflexives null subjects prosodic features interrogatives) in a number of different languages (Catalan English French Georgian German Hebrew Hungarian). Each contribution emphasises differences or commonalities between the languages under investigation with respect to the realisation of information structural categories or with respect to the information structural implications of a given form or structure. The specific comparative-contrastive perspective of the volume makes a substantial contribution towards a better understanding of language specific and universal aspects of information structure. It raises significant questions and provides solutions for the formal representation and the functional properties of information structural categories.

This interdisciplinary study presents the cutting-edge state of theoretical and applied research in the fascinating field of phraseology. The author elaborates key terminology and theoretical concepts of phraseology while challenging some prevailing assumptions. Exploration of phraseological meaning across sentence boundaries is supported by ample textual illustrations of stylistic use ranging from Old English to Modern English. The book contains innovative research in the discourse-level features of phraseological units from a cognitive perspective along with creative use of phraseological metaphor metonymy and allusion multimodal discourse included. The author argues for applied stylistics as a distinct area and the need to raise stylistic awareness among teachers and learners translators lexicographers and advertisers. The book offers an extensive glossary of key terms and a comprehensive bibliography. Stylistic Use of Phraseological Units in Discourse is a skilfully revised and extensively expanded new edition of the author’s previously published 'Phraseological Units in Discourse: Towards Applied Stylistics' (2001).

As of March 2017 this e-book is freely available thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. It is licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND license.

This book provides interesting and critical insights into a common university practice the academic office hour. Office hours are a discursive site for a variety of different issues ranging from administrative matters to course-related and study-related concerns. The study offers both an ethnographic account of this speech event within the socio-cultural context of a German university as well as a more detailed analysis of the interactional organization of academic consultations. It draws on natural recordings of entire office hour interactions in order to show how participants’ actions at different stages of the talk organize and accomplish the consultation. The analytical focus is set on the sequential activities teachers and students engage in as they conduct a consultation. This includes for instance how participants open an office hour talk how they establish an agenda how they manage advice-giving and how they close the consultation. As such this book will be of practical use to students and faculty members as well as scholars from different disciplines who work in the areas of institutional talk and talk-in-interaction.

This monograph investigates the morpho-syntactic and other properties of clitic pronouns in Greek and offers a grammar of proclisis and enclisis in light of Chomsky’s (1995 2001a 2005) Minimalist Program. It explores the nature of clitics as syntactic topicalizers which are probed by structurally higher verbal heads to which they move and into which they incorporate morpho-syntactically. A theory is advanced according to which cliticization derives from syntactic agreement between (the phi-features of) a clitic pronoun and a phase head v* in the case of proclisis and CM in the case of enclisis. Incorporation of the clitic into its host is argued to depend on two factors i.e. the fact that the clitic only contains a subset of the features of its host and the fact that the edge of the host is accessible. Also the syntax of strong pronouns and their relation to clitics of negated imperatives of surrogate imperatives and of free clitic ordering in Greek enclisis are also discussed. This monograph would appeal to syntacticians and morphologists as well as to those interested in Greek and more generally in clitic syntax.

In this volume Germen de Haan gives a multi-faceted view of the syntax sociolinguistics and phonology of West-Frisian. The author discusses distinct aspects of the syntax of verbs in Frisian: finiteness and Verb Second embedded root phenomena the verbal complex verbal complementation and complementizer agreement. Because Frisian has minority language status and is of interest to sociolinguists the author reviews the linguistic changes in Frisian under the influence of the dominant Dutch language and more generally reflects on how to deal with contact-induced change in grammar. Finally in three phonological articles the author discusses nasalization in Frisian the putatively symmetrical vowel inventory of Frisian and the variation between schwa + sonorant consonants and syllabic sonorant consonants.

This completely revised and expanded edition of English Prepositions Explained (EPE) originally published in 1998 covers approximately 100 simple compound and phrasal English prepositions of space and time – with the focus being on short prepositions such as at by in and on. Its target readership includes teachers of ESOL pre-service translators and interpreters undergraduates in English linguistics programs studious advanced learners and users of English and anyone who is inquisitive about the English language. The overall aim is to explain how and why meaning changes when one preposition is swapped for another in the same context. While retaining most of the structure of the original this edition says more about more prepositions. It includes many more figures – virtually all new. The exposition draws on recent research and is substantially founded on evidence from digitalized corpora including frequency data. EPE gives information and insights that will not be found in dictionaries and grammar handbooks.

This monograph addresses divergent views in the linguistic literature on whether German displays the that-trace effect and other subject/object asymmetries commonly found for long extractions in English and other languages. Using newly developed rating methodologies the author exposes consistent and robust subject/object asymmetries in German – a surprisingly unequivocal result given that the existence of these effects is controversial. This finding raises important questions: how can one account for the discrepancy between the clear experimental evidence on the one hand and the lack of consensus in the linguistic literature on the other? And secondly it raises again the old question of why subject extractions are dispreferred. This work also provides intriguing new insights into the long-standing question on how to analyse German constructions such as Wer glaubst du hat recht? – the ‘parenthesis versus extraction debate'. In this work decisive evidence points in favour of the parenthetical analysis.

In the European tradition parliaments are central political institutions that play a crucial role in the development of democratic societies. No other institution regularly offers a public arena for open deliberation and dissent for discussing opposite points of view and for reaching compromise solutions between political adversaries. However in spite of the growing visibility of modern parliaments the study of parliamentary language use interaction practices and discourse strategies has long been under-researched. Based on extensive parliamentary data this book integrates a rich variety of innovative analytical approaches that explore the far-reaching impacts of parliamentary practices and linguistic strategies on current political action and interaction. Individual chapters problematise and re-evaluate the discourse-shaped identities and roles of Members of Parliament the structure and functions of parliamentary discourse genres interpersonal behaviour and intertextual meaning co-construction in post-Communist parliaments. They offer broad cross-cultural perspectives on parliamentary discursive psychology and argumentation. The book provides essential reading for scholars and students of language and linguistics rhetoric political and social sciences as well as for anyone interested in language and politics.

This text is for advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in contemporary English especially those whose primary area of interest is English as a second language primary or secondary-school education English stylistics theoretical and applied linguistics or speech pathology. The emphasis is on empirical facts of English rather than any particular theory of linguistics; the text does not assume any background in language or linguistics. In this newly revised edition numerous example sentences are taken from the Corpus of Contemporary American English. A full glossary of key terms an additional chapter on pedagogy and new sections on cognitive semantics and politeness have been added. Other changes include: completely updated print references; web links to sites of special interest and relevance; and a revised reader-friendly layout. A companion website that includes a complete workbook with self-testing exercises and a comprehensive list of web links accompanies the book. The website can be found at the following address: https://doi.org/10.1075/z.156.workbook.





Students completing the text and workbook will acquire: a knowledge of the sound system of contemporary English; an understanding of the formation of English words; a comprehension of the structure of both simple and complex sentence in English; a recognition of complexities in the expression of meaning; an understanding of the context and function of use upon the structure of the language; and an appreciation of the importance of linguistic knowledge to the teaching of English to first and second-language learners.

Laurel J. Brinton is Professor of English Language at the University of British Columbia.

Donna M. Brinton is Senior Lecturer in TESOL at the University of Southern California's Rossier School of Education.

The Linguistic Structure of Modern English is a revised edition of The Structure of Modern English by Laurel J. Brinton (2000).

If it is bilingualism that transfers information and ideas from culture to culture it is the translator who systematizes and generalizes this process. The translator serves as a mediator of cultures. In this collection of essays based on a conference held at the University of Hartford a group of individuals – professional translators linguists and literary scholars – exchange their views on translation and its power to influence literary traditions and to shape cultural and economic identities. The authors explore the implications of their views on the theory and craft of translation both written and oral in an era of unsettling globalizing forces.

This volume focuses on work situations in Europe North America and South-Africa such as academic medical and public sector or business settings in which participants have to make constant use of more than one language to cooperate with partners clients or colleagues. Central questions are how the social and linguistic organization of work is adapted to the necessity of using different languages and how multilingualism impinges on the communicative outcome of different types of discourse or genres. Thus the authors are all interested in multilingual practices 'at work' which is to say how different forms of multilingual communication are managed flexibly adjusted to acquired and/or improved in a given workplace setting that often calls for particular implicit or explicit language policies. Thus this volume contributes to the study of workplace communication in a globalized world by drawing on different types of authentic data.

This collection of papers explores some facets in the areas of Corpus Linguistics and Phraseology which have gone unnoticed so far. With the aid of a range of different corpora and new-generation software tools the authors tackle specialized domains and discourse in specialized settings utilizing some innovative approaches to the study of recurrent features and patterns in the languages of economics history linguistics politics and other fields. The papers critically examine contemporary discourses in which experts and laypersons are equally involved showing that the spoken and written texts selected from various specialized corpora can be seen as collective memory banks. The series of reflections and specialized meanings uncovered in these texts are closely tied to particular sequences of patterned chunks in language and offer exciting insights into the inseparability of lexis and grammar.

The contributions to this volume were previously published in International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 13:3 (2008).

This collection of articles sketches the complexity of the subject of lexical-semantic relations and addresses semantic lexicographic and computational issues on an array of meaning relations in different languages. It brings together a variety of linguistic studies on the contextualised construction of synonymy and antonymy in discourse. It shows that research on language and cognition calls for empirical evidence from different sources. This volume demonstrates how the internet corpus data as well as psycholinguistic methods contribute profitably to gain insights into the nature of the paradigmatics in actual language use. Furthermore the volume is concerned with practical and application-oriented research on lexical databases and it includes explorations of sense-related items in dictionaries from both a text-technological and lexicographic perspective.

This collection deals with central issues in the syntax of clauses and their interfaces with the conceptual-intentional system. The book targets the syntactic properties that have an impact on the interpretation of discourse and temporal dependencies functional fields including CP pragmatic markers at the syntax-pragmatic interface and on the possible parameterization of these properties. The papers in this volume bring to the fore the role of the edges (specifier and adjuncts) heads and projections in the grammar and at the interfaces. They address the question to what extent the relevant configurations at the level of edges head and projections determine the syntax/semantic semantic/pragmatic connections. The contributions clarify the notion of edge and bring evidence that this notion is core to the analysis of various phenomena at the left periphery of clauses and phrases. This volume also discusses functional heads and their projections particularly insofar as the properties of these heads determine the composition of the CP field and cases where a CP may or may not be projected.

Dialogue in Spanish provides a strong theoretical and empirical foundation for the study of dialogue. This edited collection of twelve original studies contributes to a broad comprehension of dialogue in two general contexts: personal interactions among friends and family; and public speech such as political debates medical interviews court translations and service encounters. The studies written by authors from Canada Mexico Spain Sweden the United States and Venezuela present an in-depth look at issues and elements of dialogue such as irony narrativity discourse markers coherence conflict and expectations. Background research on dialogue grounds the articles in such areas as discourse analysis pragmatics philosophy sociology anthropology and linguistics. The book will prove useful to those who study conversational interaction pragmatics and discourse analysis as applied to various functions and contexts and it will be of particular interest to researchers and students of linguistics anthropology sociology philosophy communications and education.

This volume offers interdisciplinary perspectives on discourses in one national context of post-communist transformation. Proposing a macro-micro approach to discourse analysis and transformation it examines a spectrum of topics including Polish history with its ‘interpreters’; changes in political bodies and the media policies of the Catholic Church and the Institute of National Remembrance; xenophobia and anti-Semitism with the emergence of unemployment and homelessness; experiences of new gender relations and migrations. In effect drawing upon unique sets of data the book shows how post-communist transformation can be understood through analyses of the changing public and private discourses. It shows Polish post-communism as a fragile and uneasy transformation with people and institutions struggling to make sense of it and of life within it. The volume will be of interest to a broad range of social scientists: discourse analysts sociologists modern historians and political scientists as well as to the informed lay public.

What happens when people communicate or dialogue with each other? This is the daunting question that this book proposes to address by starting from a controversial hypothesis: What if human interactants were not the only ones to be considered paraphrasing Austin (1962) as “doing things with words”? That is what if other “things” could also be granted the status of agents in a dialogical situation? Action and Agency in Dialogue: Passion incarnation and ventriloquism proposes to explore this unique hypothesis by mobilizing metaphorically the notion of ventriloquism. According to this ventriloqual perspective interactions are never purely local but dislocal that is they constantly mobilize figures (collectives principles values emotions etc.) that incarnate themselves in people’s discussions. This highly original book which develops the analytical practical and ethical dimensions of such a theoretical positioning may be of interest to communication scholars linguists sociologists conversation analysts management and organizational scholars as well as philosophers interested in language action and ethics.



This book won the prestigious NCA LSI 'Old Chestnut' Award 2019!

Translation and Cognition assesses the state of the art in cognitive translation and interpreting studies by examining three important trends: methodological innovation the evolution of research design and the continuing integration of translation process research results with the core findings of the cognitive sciences. Several of the volume’s essays focus on fruitful new process research methods such as eye tracking and keystroke logging that have arisen to supplement the use of think-aloud protocols. Another set of contributions investigates how some central theories concepts and methods from our sister disciplines of psycholinguistics cognitive psychology and neuroscience can inform our understanding of translation processes and their development in novices and experts. Yet another set of essays argues that methodological innovation and integration with the cognitive sciences can lead to more robust research designs and theoretical frameworks to explain the intricacies of cognitive processing during translation and interpreting. Thus this timely volume actively demonstrates that a new theoretical and methodological consensus in cognitive translation studies is emerging promising to greatly improve the quality verifiability and generalizability of translation process research.

The title of this volume strives to capture the dynamic scope and range of the essays it contains applying insights into the workings of iconicity to texts as far removed from each other in time as the Medieval tale of a bishop-fish and the war-poems of 20^th century Italian Futurist F.T. Marinetti and as thematically diverse as the Pilgrim’s Progress and the poetry of e.e. cummings. Applications reference both language and linguistics as well as literature and literary theory – and related fields such as sign language and translation; the former approached from the point of view of Japan Sign Language the latter with reference to translations of the Koran and the Sesotho Bible as well as modern German and English Bible translations. On the language side the intricate relationships between sound symbolism and etymology and between analogy and grammaticalization are examined in depth. On the literary side the iconic effects of techniques such as enjambment and metrical inversion are considered but also the ways in which an understanding of iconicity can open up meanings in complex poetry like that of the Afrikaans poet T.T. Cloete – in this particular instance three poems inspired by figures as diverse as Dante Paul Klee and the pop icon Marilyn Monroe. In view of the fact that form is able to mime meaning and meaning itself can be mimed by meaning the theoretical question is asked – on the basis of a wide range of examples from literature language music and other sign-systems – whether meaning can also mime form. An introduction to the work of H.C.T. Müller an early scholar in the field of iconicity highlights a regrettably little known South African contribution to the development of iconicity theory.

In Strategic Maneuvering in Argumentative Discourse Frans H. van Eemeren brings together the dialectical and the rhetorical dimensions of argumentation by introducing the concept of strategic maneuvering. Strategic maneuvering refers to the arguer’s continual efforts to reconcile aiming for effectiveness with being reasonable. It takes place in all stages of argumentative discourse and manifests itself simultaneously in the choices that are made from the topical potential available at a particular stage in adaptation to audience demand and in the use of specific presentational devices. Strategic maneuvering derails when in the specific context in which the discourse takes place a rule for critical discussion has been violated so that a fallacy has been committed. Van Eemeren makes clear that extending the pragma-dialectical approach to argumentation by taking account of strategic maneuvering leads to a richer and more precise method for analyzing and evaluating argumentative discourse.

Discourse particles discourse markers and pragmatic markers refer to phenomena that linguists have begun to probe only since the mid-1980s. Long-ignored in traditional linguistics and textbook grammars and still relegated to marginal status in South Slavic these linguistic phenomena have emerged as invaluable devices for cutting-edge theories of the semantics/pragmatics interface. This book which is a pioneering study in such linguistic phenomena in South Slavic languages is also among the first of its kind for a related group of languages. It builds on the recent findings of some of the most influential linguistically-oriented theories such as Relevance Theory Argumentation Theory and coherence-based approaches to explain the meaning and use of certain discourse/pragmatic particles/markers in Bulgarian Macedonian Serbian Bosnian Croatian and Slovene. These particles/markers are part of the contemporary and historical lexicons of the South Slavic languages varying across regions and time but also differing in origin. This book which draws from naturally occurring data written media and constructed examples aims at a wider audience including scholars working in semantics/pragmatics and Slavic languages and applied specialists interested in this area of research. The authors hope that this book will be conceived as a starting point for a structured inquiry into the flourishing field of discourse particles in South Slavic.

This volume unifies a wide breadth of interdisciplinary studies examining the expression of motion in Slavic languages. The contributors to the volume have joined in the discussion of Slavic motion talk from diachronic typological comparative cognitive and acquisitional perspectives with a particular focus on verbs of motion the nuclei of the lexicalization patterns for encoding motion. Motion verbs are notorious among Slavic linguists for their baffling idiosyncratic behavior in their lexical semantic syntactical and aspectual characteristics. The collaborative effort of this volume is aimed both at highlighting and accounting for the unique properties of Slavic verbs of motion and at situating Slavic languages within the larger framework of typological research investigating cross-linguistic encoding of the motion domain. Due to the multiplicity of approaches to the linguistic analysis the collection offers it will suitably complement courses and programs of study focusing on Slavic linguistics as well as typology diachronic and comparative linguistics semantics and second language acquisition.

Perceptual experience emerges from neural computations. Unconscious Memory Representations in Perception focuses on the role of implicit (non-conscious) memories in processing sensory information. Making sense of the wealth of information arriving at our senses requires implicit memories which represent environmental regularities contingencies of the sensory input as well as general contextual knowledge. Recent findings and theories in cognitive and computational neuroscience provided new insights into the structure and contents of implicit memory representations. The chapters of this book examine implicit memories both in relatively simple situations such as perceiving auditory and visual objects as well as in high‑level cognitive functions such as speech and music perception and aesthetic experience.

By nature implicit memories cannot be directly studied with behavioral methods. Therefore a large part of the evidence reviewed was obtained in neuroscientific studies. Readers with limited experience in neuroscience will find information about the most commonly used techniques in the appendix of this volume. (Series B)

Narrative analyses routinely investigate autobiographical and interview data. This book examines narratives-in-interaction co-constructed by participants in formal mediation sessions by asking how many of the five cases in the videotaped data display the adversarial narrative pattern pervasive within the interpersonal conflict literature and secondly what other narrative patterns may be present and how do they work? Focusing simultaneously at the utterance level and the macro-levels present within the larger dispute context this book reveals situated communicative practices by which interlocutors interactively construct resist reproduce and intertextually transform adversarial narratives to produce outcomes consonant with their underlying interests. In contrast to the dramaturgical model traditionally used in narrative research this book illuminates the emergent microgenetic character of narrative development.

The study of compounds is currently at the center of attention in many areas of both theoretical and applied linguistics. This volume brings together contributions by experts involved in a wide range of such areas based on a large number of diverse languages – spoken and signed. The fact that compound constructions are at the interface of the various components of language – morphology syntax phonology and semantics – makes them ideal testing grounds for models of grammatical architecture as seen in a number of these chapters. The breadth and depth of the coverage of topics as well as the unified bibliography make this volume a basic reference source for those interested in current theoretical as well as experimental approaches to compounding and thus to theoretical linguists as well as psycholinguists and researchers in related fields of cognitive science.

Poetry as Research develops an approach that allows poetry writing to be used as a research method for exploring questions relating to second language learners and more broadly for studies within the humanities and social sciences. The book investigates the characteristics of poetry writing and situates poetry writing as a qualitative arts-based research process. The book utilizes computational linguistics qualitative bibliographic and philosophical methods and investigates the process of writing poetry the textual and literary characteristics of second language poetry poetic identity and inquiry. The developed methodology is exemplified through a poetic inquiry of the study abroad experiences of ESL students. The book provides a comprehensive informed and innovative approach to the investigation of understandings of personal experience. This book should be of interest to the fields of applied linguistics stylistics literary studies creative writing and composition as well as anyone interested in using writing as a research method.