Subject collection: Linguistics (2,773 titles, 1967–2015)

“The semantics of aspect and modality” will be of interest both to linguists working on temporality, as a general phenomenon in language, and Hebraists investigating the semantics of the verbal forms in biblical Hebrew.

Tense, aspect and modality are among the most challenging discussed areas of language. Similarly, the semantics of the verbal system in biblical Hebrew has been investigated since the Middle Ages. Galia Hatav provides extensive critical overviews of research in both areas, and suggests a new approach for analyzing the biblical Hebrew verb system, showing it to be tenseless.

The overall approach adopted in the book is basically of truth conditional semantics, and adheres closely to Kamp’s DRT (Discourse Representation Theory). For each phenomenon covered, the relevant literature is surveyed and critically discussed, with reference to English, and when relevant to other languages, too. The conclusions arrived at are then applied to biblical Hebrew.

However, despite the sophisticated semantic theory the book is also meticulous in its attention to philological details of the Hebrew text, lending to a particulary harmonious combination of formal and discourse approach. The biblical Hebrew part of the book will be of interest mainly to Hebraists, but linguists dealing with temporality in general may find it useful as an interesting illustration for a tenseless exotic language.

The articles of the present volume consist of generative analyses dealing with several current topics of discussion and debate in syntactic theory, such as clitics, word order, scrambling, directionality, movement. The data in the volume are drawn from a number of typologically diverse languages (e.g. Arabic, Berber, Dutch, Gaelic, Greek, Malagasy).

This volume corrects the relative neglect in Second Language Acquisition studies of the quantitative study of language variation and provides insights into such issues as language transfer, acquisition through exposure, language universals, learner’s age and so forth.

These studies bolster the idea that a full account of SLA development (and, hence, a “theory of SLA”) must be built on not only detailed accounts of interlanguage data but also on a wide appeal to factors which govern the psycholinguistic bases of SLA.

An important addition to the volume is a comprehensive guide to both the DOS and Macintosh versions of the VARBRUL statistical program used by variationists.

This volume contains ten papers selected from among those presented at the annual Free University Stemmatological Colloquia 1990-93. Current issues in (automated) stemmatology, paleography and codicology are addressed from contemporary theoretical perspectives. All papers focus on new directions in textuology and manuscript affiliation, and especially on the use of computer science in this field.The theoretical implications of computer-assisted stemma construction are explored. In combination with achievements in codicology and paleography, these investigations allow for dealing with the major problems in textuology: extreme complex and entangled manuscript traditions.

Following an introductory chapter, part 1 presents six theoretical contributions on stemmatology, and part 2 deals with auxiliary fields in textuology, such as codicology and paleography. In part 3 applications of the previously developed fields are presented.

Among the topics treated in this collection are the status of Scots as a national language; the orthography of Scots; the actual and potential degree of standardisation of Scots; the debt of the vocabulary of Scots to Gaelic; the use of Scots in fictional dialogue; and the development of Scots as a poetic medium in the modern period. All fourteen articles, written and published between 1979 and 1988, have been extensively revised and updated.

J. Derrick McClure is a senior lecturer in the English Department at Aberdeen University and a well-known authority on the history of Scots.

This volume presents the key examples of morphological correspondences between Indo-European and Semitic languages, afforded by nouns, verbal roots, pronouns, prepositions, and numerals. Its focus is on shared morphology embodied in the cognate vocabulary.

The facts that are brought out in this volume do not fit comfortably within either the Indo-Europeanists’ or the Semitists’ conception of the prehistoric development of their languages. Nonetheless they are so fundamental that many would take them for evidence of a single original source, ‘Proto-Nostratic’. In this book, however, it is considered unsettled whether proto-IE and proto-Semitic had a common forerunner. But the IE-Semitic combinations testify at least to prehistoric language communities in truly intimate contact.

This set of papers represents a unique collection; it is the first attempt ever to empirically test a hypothetical set of semantic and lexical universals across a number of genetically and typologically diverse languages. In fact the word 'collection' is not fully appropriate in this case, since the papers report research undertaken specifically for the present volume, and shaped by the same guidelines. They constitute parallel and strictly comparable answers to the same set of questions, coordinated effort with a common aim, and a common methodology.The goal of identifying the universal human concepts found in all languages, is of fundamental importance, both from a theoretical and a practical point of view, since these concepts provide the basis of the “psychic unity of mankind”, underlying the clearly visible diversity of human cultures. They also allow us to better understand that diversity itself, because they provide a common measure, without which no precise and meaningful comparisons are possible at all. A set of truly universal (or even near-universal) concepts can provide us with an invaluable tool for interpreting, and explaining all the culture-specific meanings encoded in the language-and-culture systems of the world. It can also provide us with a tool for explaining meanings across cultures — in education, business, trade, international relations, and so on.

The book contains 13 chapters on individual languages including Japanese (by Masayuki Onishi), Chinese (by Hilary Chappel), Thai (by Anthony Diller), Ewe (Africa, by Felix Ameka), Miskitu languages of South America (by Kenneth Hall), Australian Aboriginal languages Aranda, Yankunytjatjara and Kayardild (by Jean Harkins & David Wilkins, Cliff Goddard, and Nicholas Evans), the Austronesian languages Samoan, Longgu, Acehnese and Mangap-Mbula (by Ulrike Mosel, Deborah Hill, Mark Durie and Robert Bugenhagen), the Papuan language Kalam (by Andrew Pawley), and, last but not least French (by Bert Peters).In addition to the chapters on individual languages the book includes three theoretical chapters; “Semantic theory and semantic universals” (by Goddard), “Introducing lexical primitives” (by Goddard and Wierzbicka), and “Semantic primitives across languages: a critical review” (by Wierzbicka).

The 15 contributions in the present collection can be divided roughly into three groups: (1) Papers directly following up functional stylistics and the theory of language culture, elaborated in the classical period of the Prague Linguistic School. (2) Papers concerning the problems of style in a wider communicative arena. These contributions are closely related to contemporary text linguistics and also deal with problems involving psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics and semiotics. (3) Papers having, at least in some part, a pronounced historiographic character. These contributions reflect the fact that contemporary Czech linguistic research is firmly anchored in the Prague linguistic tradition. Although the authors' frame of reference is mainly Czech and the current language situation in the Czech Republic, the majority of contributions were intended to have a more general linguistic character and general linguistic validity.

Signs, Dialogue and Ideology illustrates and critically examines — both historically and theoretically — the current state of semiotic discourse from Peirce to Bakhtin, through Saussure, Levinas, Schaff and Rossi-Landi to modern semioticians such as Umberto Eco. Ponzio is in search of a method to construct an appropriate language to talk about signs and ideology in this “end of ideology” era. Ponzio aims at an orientation in semiotics based on dialogism and interpretation by calling attention to the widespread transition from the semiotics of decodification to the semiotics of interpretations of signs which are not constrained by the dominant process of social reproduction. To this end the author draws on the literature on 'dialogue', 'otherness', 'linguistic work', 'critique of sign fetishism', and 'interpretative dynamics'. Critique of identity and critique of the subject reaffirm the 'objective', the material, the signifiant, the interpreted sign, the opus; i.e. the 'Otherness' as opposed to the expectation of exhaustiveness in the creation and interpretation of sign products.

This study examines certain features of Dutch syntax between approximately 1300 and 1650. Of central importance are the overall developments in the word order patterning and the various changes they entail elsewhere in the grammar, such as in the negative construction. After an introductory chapter providing goals and background for the study, the quantitative analysis of the data is presented in Chapter 2. Considerable attention is paid to contextual considerations and the pragmatic aspect of word order. Chapter 3 deals specifically with the question of exbraciation; Chapter 4 returns to the functional aspect of word order and discusses the importance of the notion 'topic'. Chapter 5 provides a detailed analysis of the development of negation supported by comparative data from related Germanic languages and in a wider context of overall typological change. The concluding chapter discusses possible explanations of the findings. Two Appendices are added to the book, one providing a sketch grammar of Dutch, the other an annotated list of the corpus used. This study is purposefully eclectic in its approach, drawing upon many different traditions and areas in linguistics. This multifaceted approach is a major strength of the book, which moreover makes an important contribution to theoretical issues by presenting a vast descriptive data base for Dutch.

This book provides an analysis of the passive phenomenon in general and of Norwegian passive constructions in particular. Related topics such as English passive constructions and Norwegian ergative constructions are also examined. The analysis is carried out within a Government and Binding framework. Chapter 1 contains a very brief introduction to GB syntax and a description of the passive phenomenon and its manifestation in Norwegian. The “orthodox analysis” of the passive as proposed in Chomsky's Lectures on Government and Binding is contrasted with the “new analysis”, which claims that “the passive morpheme” is an argument of the verb. The book sets out to show that a version of this “new analysis” successfully explains the basic properties of Norwegian passives. Chapters 2 and 3 examine properties of Norwegian passives, notably properties related to Theta-role assignment and Case assignment. Chapter 4 compares the Norwegian with the English passive and proposes a unified analysis of the two. Chapter 5 discusses various cases of passivization failure in Norwegian , while Chapter 6 focuses on the scope of movement in passive and ergative constructions in Norwegian and proposes a syntactic level “beneath” D-structure.

Transformational Grammar’s Underground Classic!

Back in Print in the Nick of Time!

(Just as the photocopies were getting too fuzzy to read!)Here is the complete and unexpurgated version of the legendary lost classic of porno- and scatolinguistic theory. Included are the seminal writings of Quang Phuc Dong (English Sentences Without Overt Grammatical Subject), Yuck Foo (A Selectional Restriction Involving Pronoun Choice), V. Anantalinguam ("Up Yours" and Related Constructions), Ebbing Craft (Up Against the Wall, Fascist Pig Critics!) and other lost eminences.

While Celtic languages are nominally VSO in basic word order, the languages of the Brythonic branch have exhibited striking synchronic and historical variations from the prototype. This volume comprises the very latest research in word order in Welsh, reton and Cornish from nine of the leading scholars in the field. The studies deal with historical, typological and descriptive issues from several approaches (including philological, functional and government and binding). The scope ranges over all the Brythonic languages, as well as the entire diachronic spectrum from the proto-language up to the most recent colloquial trends. The volume provides the expert with a collection of state-of-the-art research and the non-specialist with a comprehensive survey of the problems and debates in a language grouping fraught with intricate questions of word order and word order change.

The question of language origin has fascinated people for years. The contributions in the present book stem primarely from the papers presented at the Third International Meeting of the Language Origins Society (LOS) held at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, June 1988. The contributors approach the problem not only from the viewpoint of linguistics, but also from that of anatomy, physiology, social sciences, physical anthropology, paleoanthropology, paleontology, comparative zoology, general biology, ethology, evolutionary biology and psychology.

This volume owes its genesis to a series of lectures on various aspects of the historical phonology of Asian languages, sponsored by the Asian Linguistics Colloquium of the Department of Asian Languages and Literature of the University of Washington, in Seattle. The volume includes papers on both theoretical and applied aspects of Asian linguistics, and topics examined include vowel harmony, dialect variation and “inherent variability”, historical reconstruction based on written records, historical reconstruction based on the comparative method, accentology, and language standardization. While some of the papers are comparative in nature, others deal with effects of language contact on phonological systems. Languages and language families dealt with are Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Altaic, Chinese, Uralic, Korean, and Tai.

This study of literary themes, linguistic practice and cultural traditions analyzes the oral traditions of Indo-Portugese creole verse, as a synthesis from European, African and Asian sources. This musical, dramatic and textual syncretism defines tradition within the group and maintains the identity of the creole community. References are primarily to Indian and Sri Lankan materials collected in the late nineteenth century and to data in the H. Nevill collection, an extensive manuscript of Sri Lankan Creole texts from the 1870s or 1880s, housed in the British Museum. The importance of these texts is linguistic, anthropological and sociological. They are persistent in their ability to give definition to creole culture, surviving in South Asia from the seventeenth century to the present.

Joseph H. Greenberg is a towering figure in late twentieth century linguistics. His major contributions in the field have been in the area of typology and universals, virtually launched by his paper on word order universals, and in diachronic linguistics. The major thrust of Greenberg's work in the past three decades has been in the fusion of these two approaches to linguistic explanation into one, diachronic typology, the cross-linguistic analysis of languages as dynamic systems.This volume honors Greenberg on the occasion of his 75th birthday. It opens with an introduction discussing Greenberg's work at length and a full bibliography of his publications. It contains ten papers in typology, diachronic theory and diachronic typology by some of the leading linguists working in the research tradition inspired by Greenberg's work.

This book presents a semiotic analysis of the linguistic and extralinguistic elements of fortune-telling as part of a larger pragmatic-oriented theory of human communication. The material was collected in Israel, in Hebrew, and parallels are made with other languages and cultures. The analysis is based on dynamic relativism of the multidimensional, transcendental, holistic process of human communication.

The question of language origin has fascinated people for years. Traditionally, humanists like linguists and philosophers attempted to solve it with limited success. In the last decades, however, the sciences have begun to study the same question seemingly with more success. This book is the result of the activities of a group of scholars, members of the Language Origins Society, who approach the problem not only from the viewpoint of linguistics, but also from that of anatomy, physiology, social sciences, physical anthropology, paleoanthropology, paleontology, comparative zoology, general biology, ethology, evolutionary biology and psychology. The volume thus clearly reflects the interdisciplinary approach the Language Origins Society is advocating. Since this book is the first of a series meant for the general scholar, it attempts to avoid specialist jargon. Hence it is equally useful for student courses in linguistics, social sciences, communication science, ethology, evolutionary biology and speech therapy.

The papers in this volume are centered around the following topics: subordination; cases and prepositions; moods, tenses and voices of the verb; nominal forms of the verb; anaphors and pronouns; word order, theme and rheme, negation, style, morphology and word formation.

The negros congos of Panama's Caribbean coast are a unique cultural manifestation of Afro-Hispanic contact. During Carnival season each year, this group reenacts dramatic events which affected black slaves in colonial Panama, performs dances and pantomimes, and enforces a set of ritual laws' and punishments'. A key component of congo games is a special dialect, the hablar en congos, which is employed by a subset of the congos in each settlement. The present study investigates the congo dialect from a linguistic point of view along two dimensions. The first involves deliberate phonetic, syntactic, and semantic distortion as part of the overall spirit of of burlesque and ridicule that surrounds Panamanian Carnival. The second is the retention of earlier, partially creolized Afro-Hispanic language forms which may still be extracted from contemporary congo speech. These Afro-Hispanic vestiges are of key importance to monogenetic theories of Afro-Romance creolization as Panamanian congo speech provides examples of unique creolized Spanish.

This is a study of a specific type of everyday conversation whose essential hallmark is its participants' attempt to gain agreement and consent when establishing and maintaining a continuous and coherent flow of talk. Basing his analyses on the Survey'-corpus and resorting to an interpretative, reconstructive mode of description, Bublitz focusses on two main phenomena: (a) discourse topic and topical actions (like INTRODUCING and CHANGING A TOPIC or DIGRESSING from it), (b) hearer signals and reactive speaker contributions. The interlocutors' topic-centered and topic-organizing behaviour is shown to be predominantly and systematically oriented towards supporting their fellow-speakers to the extent that it seems to be justified to regard large parts of these conversations as having a monological character'.

This volume brings together a number of papers by Vivian Salmon, previously published in various journals and collections that are unfamiliar, and perhaps even inaccessible, to historians of the study of language. The central theme of the volume is the study of language in England in the 17th century. Papers in the first section treat aspects of the history of language teaching. The second section consists of three articles on the history of grammatical theory. The papers in the third and final section deal with the search for the ‘universal language’.

This volume brings together papers originally presented at a seminar series on Speculative Grammar, Universal Grammar, and Philosophical Analysis, held at the University of Bologna in 1984. The seminars aimed at considering various aspects of the interplay between linguistic theories on the one hand, and theories of meaning and logic on the other. The point of view was mainly historical, but a theoretical approach was also considered relevant. Theories of grammar and related topics were taken as a focal point of interest; their interaction with philosophical reflections on languages was examined in presentations dealing with different authors and periods, ranging from the Middle Ages to the present day.

Usan is a Papuan language. In this monograph on the grammatical structures of Usan and their function the author shows the unique features of this language: how speakers can exploit certain principles for communicative purposes, how the language reflects their physical environment. Uniqueness can only be shown in the context of communality with other languages. This monograph offers numerous occasions to observe similarities and differences between Usan and other language, those that can be called Papuan in particular.

This monograph is about the chains of verbs commonly found in Creole Languages, West African languages, in particular the Kwa sub-group of Niger-Congo, Chinese and certain other languages and have acquired the name of 'serial verbs' in the literature. As a case study, the serial constructions of Sranan, a creole language of Surinam with an English lexical base, are examined in detail.

The author presents empirical arguments in favor of a joint syntactico-semantic treatment, within the framework of a functional generative description, of a range of adverbial expressions which should be viewed as belonging to a single, lexically heterogeneous but functionally homogeneous, class exhibiting scoping properties and functioning as ‘complementation of attitude’ (CA). These CA-expressions do not only share their underlying functional properties but also certain surface-syntax properties.

Two of the most prominent hypotheses about why the structures of the Creole languages of the Atlantic and the Pacific differ are the universalist and he substrate hypotheses. The universalist hypothesis claims, essentially, that the particular grammatical properties of Creole languages directly reflect universal aspects of the human language capacity, and thus Creole genesis involves, then, the stripping away of the accretions of language history. The substrate hypothesis claims, on the other hand, that creole genesis results from the confrontation of two systems, the native languages of the colonized groups, and the dominant colonial language, and that the native language leaves strong traces in the resulting Creole. The contributions of this ground breaking collection present new and historical research on the old debate of substrata versus universals in Creole languages.

The volume consists of a substantial introduction, providing a geographical and historical outline of the area, an account of the origin of the area, an account of the origin of present-day southwestern speech varieties and a synopsis of their main features. This is followed by texts of three main types: brief selections from 17^th to 19^th century dialect writers, aimed at depicting characteristics of southwestern speech; longer 20^th century texts – verse, dialogue in novels; transcripts from tapes from 1950 onwards of speakers of different ages and social backgrounds. A part of each transcript is also provided in phonetic notation.

The papers in this volume are a selection from the paper presented at the 13th Annual Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (1983). The languages discussed include Romance in general, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Gascon. The diversity of the topics encompassed by these papers conforms to the principal goal of the LSRL conferences: to contribute to the synchronic and diachronic description and analysis of the Romance Languages within the context of current developments in linguistic theory.

Mentally retarded individuals have been studied almost exclusively as clinical entities, not as persons immersed in the stream of social life. This has led not only to a lack of appreciation for the complexity of their lives and concerns, but also to an underestimation and incomplete understanding of their intellectual and linguistic skills. By exploring aspects of the ongoing linguistic and social lives of retarded individuals in various community contexts, this volume contributes to a growing body of literature which attempts to fill in this inadequate picture. In addition, the studies in this volume offer social scientists insights into the way that stigma such as that associated with intellectual and social incompetence affects social groups and influences conversational behavior and language use.

Ce travail est une description syntaxique des constructions des verbes de mouvement (Vmt) en coréen contemporain. L’objectif immédiat est the caractériser syntaxiquement les phrases acceptant un Vmt et de décrire leurs propriétés formelles. Dans cette optique, on doit: construire sur la base de critères formels la classe des Vmt; recenser toutes les entrées lexicales susceptibles de figurer dans cette classe en vue d’en déterminer une liste aussi complète que possible; analyser les principales propriétés syntaxiques des phrases à Vmt. Les cinq chapitres de ce livre et sa conclusion correspondent à ces principales questions.

This volume contains the papers read at the Second Sociolinguistics Conference of the Association Belge de Linguistique Appliquee (Belgian Association of Applied Linguistics) that was held at the University of Antwerp on the in May, 1980. The papers are grouped around two topics: 'Language and Social Class' and 'Language Attitudes'. The whole is preceded by an introductory article by R. Van Hout in which he presents the Netherlandic language area, describes how sociolinguistics is developing in this area and briefly discusses the essence of each paper.

This study is an attempt to explain coordinate conjoining as a rule-governed process of establishing specific semantic relations within and between sentences. Coordination is thus conceived of both as a basic device of linguistic complex formation and as a rather fundamental principle underlying the creation of the text. From the point of view of achieving coherence, coordinate conjoining is described in this monograph as an integrative process. Described are the conditions governing this process, the rules according to which take place, in short: the complex interaction of various linguistically identifiable features displayed by coordinate structures. Coordinate conjoining is regarded here as the result of the interplay of three factors which belong to distinct levels of semantic description: the meaning of the conjuncts, the relation between the meaning of the conjuncts and the meaning of the connectors. The step-by-step explication of the interaction of these levels in determining the semantic interpretation of coordinate structures forms the core of the present study.

Looking at the ‘semiotic landscape’ – the panorama of constituted semiotics – two traditions seem to have developed separately and without interpenetration. Anglo-Saxon semioticians consider the Peircean framework to provide the adequate conceptual apparatus, whereas so-called ‘Continental’ semioticians refer to the sign theory in Saussure and in its interpretation by Hjelmslev (for instance, the École sémiotique de Paris). Evaluating each other’s projects, methods, and results could lead to a balanced view. The purpose of this monograph is to get the best out of the adequate insights from both sides, and to make suggestions how the semioticians from the Peircean or Saussuro-Hjelmslevian school can be removed from their isolationist positions. A comparison and homologation of these two orientations will be carried out from the angle of the impact of pragmaticism on both semiotic orientations. How intentionality, action, conventionality, interlocution are integrated in both orientations will be given particular emphasis.

‘Context’ is a concept for linguistic analysis which has rarely been subjected to close empirical scrutiny. This volume presents an attempt to investigate in microscopic detail various processes of contextualization by which children organize their interaction ‘frame by frame’, achieve, sustain, and embody their working consensus on what it is that they are doing together, and thereby situate their linguistic activities. Microethnography comprises research methods of context analysis, ethnography, and conversational analysis and seeks to locate phenomena of social order in both verbal and nonverbal behavior.

This volume presents the main tenets of Sanctius’ linguistic theory and explores the questions raised by Robin Lakoff in her 1969 review of the Grammaire générale et raisonnée (Port Royal). Part I surveys earlier developments in the study of language, in particular the Graeco-Roman and Medieval traditions, the Renaissance period, and Judaeo-Arabic scholarship. Part II contains a synopsis in English of Sanctius’ Minerva, placing special emphasis on theoretical passages and illustrative data. Part III is devoted to Sanctius’ linguistic doctrine: (1) his philosophical approach to language analysis, (2) his notion of logical structure and rule, (3) his classification of the parts of speech, and (4) his basic semantic postulates.

The four papers presented in this volume are corpus-based investigations into the meaning of the verbs speak, talk, say and tell. More specifically they want to explore how the scene of linguistic action has been put into perspective by these four high-frequency verbs.

This study represents a contribution to the theory of meaning in natural language. It proposes a semantic theory containing a set of regular relational principles. These principles enable semantic theory to describe connections from the lexical reading of a word to its figurative contextual reading, from one variant reading of a polysemous lexical item to another, from the idiomatic to its literal reading or to the literal reading(s) of one or more of its component lexical items. Semiotic theory provides a foundation by supplying principles defining motivated expression-content relations for signs generally. The author argues that regular semantic relational principles must dervive from such semiotic principles, to ensures the psychological reality and generality of the semantic principles.

This new edition of Carl Richard Lepsius’s Standard Alphabet reproduces the text of the second, enlarged, edition of 1863. The extensive Introduction by J. Alan Kemp places it in its historical setting and provides comments on the phonetic basis for the Alphabet and the notation.

This volume presents a set of papers on linguistic thought in the Middle Ages. It is complemented by a comprehensive bibliography and indices. The papers in this volume appeared earlier in Historiographia Linguistica 7:1/2 (1980).

This two-volume collection of papers was brought together in honor of Oswald Szemerényi on the occasion of his 65th birthday. The volumes contain 70 papers, most of which deal with Indo-European (historical) linguistics.

This volume of articles was prepared in honor of Winfred P. Lehmann on the occasion of his 60th birthday. The papers are presented in two sections: I. Studies in Descriptive Linguistics, and II. Studies in Historical Linguistics. The volume contains contributions by R.M.W. Dixon, Ralph M. Goodman, Maurice Gross, Einar Haugen, David G. Hays, Archibald A. Hill, Mohammad Ali Jazayery, E.F.K. Koerner, D. Terence Langendoen, Don L.F. Nilsen, Arthur L. Palacas, Sol Saporta, Sanford A. Schane, Jacob Mey, Anders Ahlqvist, Simon C. Dik, Robert T. Harms, Saul Levin, Yakov Malkiel, D. Gary Miller, William G. Moulton, Edgar C. Polomé, Gary D. Prideaux, Luigi Romeo, Maria Tsiapera, Krystyna Wachowicz, Mridula Adenwala Durbin, Paul J. Hopper, Aaron Bar-Adon.

This volume reprints — with additions and corrections — seven papers originally published 1962–1973, on the indigenous grammars of Tibet and their linguistic tradition. Two ancient treatises commonly attributed to “Thon-mi Sambhoṭa” are studied extensively, as well as extracts from many other Tibetan texts, with translations, commentaries, and detailed bibliographical data, covering a wide range of linguistic doctrines, from the early 11th to the beginning of the 20th century. The final article incorporates a complete grammatical sketch of Classical Tibetan; this, together with the comprehensive indexes of Tibetan and Indic grammatical and technical terms, proper names, titles, etc., will facilitate the use of the volume as a basic reference-source for all future work on the Tibetan grammarians.

Die Corvinuserzählung, die wir bei Gellius finden, ist in der Forschung lange disputiert worden. H. Peter (1870) hatte sich entschlossen, sie unter die Fragmente des Claudius Quadrigarius aufzunehmen, wegen der Nachbarschaft zur Torquatuserzählung. Mcdonald (1975) vergleicht die bei Gellius gegebene Erzählung mit der livianischen (VII 26f) und betrachtet sie dabei als repräsentativ für die Vorlagen des Livius. Die Gleichheit des Gegenstandes verhilft uns dazu, den Unterschied, der sich in verschiedener Sprache anzeigt, im Dargestellten bestätigt zu finden. Als eine Vergleichung, die dem Wesen der Entwicklung näher kommen soll als die der dargestellten Fakten, wird die der Sprache, d.i. der Darstellung und Herstellung von Zusammenhang, versucht werden. Nicht die Theorie, sondern die Praxis der Schriftsteller der Gegenstand ist unserer Betrachtung.