Developing ELF research for critical language education

References

1. Akbari, R.
   (2008) Transforming lives: introducing critical pedagogy into ELT classrooms. ELT Journal, 63(3), 276–282. 10.1093/elt/ccn025
   https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccn025 [Google Scholar]
2. Baker, W.
   (2015) Culture and identity through English as a lingua franca. De Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9781501502149
   https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501502149 [Google Scholar]
3. Baker, W.
   (2018) English as a lingua franca and intercultural communication. InJ. Jenkins, W. Baker, & M. Dewey (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of English as a lingua franca (pp.25–36). Routledge.
   [Google Scholar]
4. Bayyurt, Y., & Akcan, S.
   (Eds.) (2015) Current perspectives on pedagogy for English as a Lingua Franca. De Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9783110335965
   https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110335965 [Google Scholar]
5. Bayyurt, Y., & Dewey, M.
   (Eds.) (2020) Special Issue on ELF and language teaching. ELT Journal, 74(4).
   [Google Scholar]
6. Birlik, S., & Kaur, J.
   (2020) BELF expert users: Making understanding visible in internal BELF meetings through the use of nonverbal communication strategies. English for Specific Purposes, 58, 1–14. 10.1016/j.esp.2019.10.002
   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2019.10.002 [Google Scholar]
7. Brookfield, S. D.
   (2017) Becoming a critically reflective teacher (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
   [Google Scholar]
8. Canagarajah, S.
   (2013) Translingual Practice – Global Englishes and Cosmopolitan Relations. Routledge.
   [Google Scholar]
9. Cavalheiro, L.
   (Ed.) (2018) Preparing English language teachers for today’s globalized world. Húmus.
   [Google Scholar]
10. Choi, K., & Liu, C.
    (2020) Challenges and strategies for ELF-aware teacher development. ELT Journal, 74(4), 442–452. 10.1093/elt/ccaa036
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccaa036 [Google Scholar]
11. Cogo, A.
    (2018) ELF and multilingualism. InJ. Jenkins, W. Baker, & M. Dewey (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of English as a Lingua Franca (pp.357–368). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
12. Cogo, A., & House, J.
    (2018) The pragmatics of ELF. InJ. Jenkins, W. Baker, & M. Dewey (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of English as a Lingua Franca (pp.210–223). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
13. Cogo, A., & Dewey, M.
    (2012) Analysing English as a Lingua Franca: A corpus-driven investigation. Continuum.
    [Google Scholar]
14. Cogo, A., & Pitzl, M-L.
    (2016) Pre-empting and signalling non-understanding in ELF. ELT Journal, 70 (3), 339–345. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccw015. 10.1093/elt/ccw015
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccw015 [Google Scholar]
15. Cook, V.
    (1992) Evidence for multi-competence. Language Learning, 44(4), 557–591. 10.1111/j.1467‑1770.1992.tb01044.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01044.x [Google Scholar]
16. Cranton, P., & Taylor, E.
    (2012) Transformative learning theory: Seeking a more unified theory. InE. Taylor, P. Cranton & Associates (Eds.), The handbook of transformative learning theory: Theory, research and practice (pp.3–20). Jossey-Bass.
    [Google Scholar]
17. Crookes, G. V.
    (2013) Critical ELT in action – Foundations, promises, praxis. Routledge. 10.4324/9780203844250
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203844250 [Google Scholar]
18. Dendrinos, B., & Gotsoulia, V.
    (2015) Setting standards for multilingual curricula to teach and test foreign languages. InB. Spolsky, O. Inbar-Lourie, & M. Tannenbaum (Eds.), Challenges for language education and policy: Making space for people. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
19. Dewey, M.
    (2012) Towards a post-normative approach: Learning the pedagogy of ELF. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca, 1(1), 141–170. 10.1515/jelf‑2012‑0007
    https://doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2012-0007 [Google Scholar]
20. Dovchin, S.
    (2018) Language, media and globalization in the periphery: The linguascapes of popular music in Mongolia. Routledge. 10.4324/9781315168227
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315168227 [Google Scholar]
21. Fang, F.
    (2018) Ideology and identity debate of English in China: Past, present and future. Asian Englishes, 20(1), 15–26. 10.1080/13488678.2017.1415516
    https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2017.1415516 [Google Scholar]
22. Fang, F.
    (2020) Re-positioning accent attitude in the global Englishes paradigm: A critical phenomenological case study in the Chinese context. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
23. Fang, F., & Baker, W.
    (2021) Implementing critical pedagogy of global Englishes in ELT from the lens of EMI and intercultural citizenship. InY. Bayyurt (Ed.), Pedagogies (Vol.3, pp.177–191). Bloomsbury. 10.5040/9781350065918.0021
    https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350065918.0021 [Google Scholar]
24. Fang, F., & Liu, Y.
    (2020) ‘Using all English is not always meaningful’: Stakeholders’ perspectives on the use of and attitudes towards translanguaging at a Chinese university. Lingua, 247, 102959. 10.1016/j.lingua.2020.102959
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2020.102959 [Google Scholar]
25. Fang, F., & Ren, W.
    (2018) Develop students’ awareness of Global Englishes. ELT Journal, 72(4), 384–394. 10.1093/elt/ccy012
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccy012 [Google Scholar]
26. Fang, F., & Widodo, H. P.
    (Eds.) (2019) Critical perspectives on global Englishes in Asia: Language policy, curriculum, pedagogy and assessment. Multilingual Matters.
    [Google Scholar]
27. Firth, A. & Wagner, J.
    (2007) Second/Foreign Language Learning as a Social Accomplishment: Elaborations on a Reconceptualized SLA. Modern Language Journal, 91(1), 800–819. 10.1111/j.1540‑4781.2007.00670.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00670.x [Google Scholar]
28. Freire, P.
    (1970) Pedagogia do Oprimido (Pedagogy of the Opressed). Paz e Terra.
    [Google Scholar]
29. García, O.
    (2009) Bilingual education in the 21st Century: Global perspectives. Wiley-Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
30. García, O., & Li, W.
    (2014) Translanguaging: Language, bilingualism and education. Palgrave Macmillan. 10.1057/9781137385765
    https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137385765 [Google Scholar]
31. Gimenez, T., El Kadri, M., & Calvo, L. C. S.
    (Eds.) (2018) English as a Lingua Franca in teacher education. De Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9781501511776
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501511776 [Google Scholar]
32. Hamid, M.
    (2014) World Englishes in international proficiency tests. World Englishes, 33(2), 263-277. 10.1111/weng.12084
    https://doi.org/10.1111/weng.12084 [Google Scholar]
33. Harding, L., & McNamara, T.
    (2018) Language assessment: The challenge of ELF. InJenkins, J., Baker, W., & Dewey, M. (Eds.). The Routledge Handbook of English as a Lingua Franca (pp.570–582). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
34. Holliday, A.
    (2015) Native-speakerism: taking the concept forward and achieving cultural belief. InA. Swan, P. Aboshiha, & A. Holliday (Eds.) (En)Countering native-speakerism (pp.11–25). Palgrave Macmillan. 10.1057/9781137463500_2
    https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137463500_2 [Google Scholar]
35. Hu, G.
    (2002) Psychological constraints on the utility of metalinguistic knowledge in second language production. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 24(3), 347–386. 10.1017/S0272263102003017
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263102003017 [Google Scholar]
36. Jenkins, J.
    (2000) The phonology of English as an international language. Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
37. Jenkins, J.
    (2007) English as a Lingua Franca: Attitude and identity. Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
38. Jenkins, J.
    (2014) English as a Lingua Franca in the international university: The politics of academic English language policy. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
39. Jenkins, J.
    (2015a) Global Englishes. A resource book for students (3rd ed.). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
40. Jenkins, J.
    (2015b) Repositioning English and multilingualism in English as a Lingua Franca. Englishes in Practice, 2(3), 49–85. 10.1515/eip‑2015‑0003
    https://doi.org/10.1515/eip-2015-0003 [Google Scholar]
41. Jenkins, J.
    (2020) Where are we with ELF and language testing? An opinion piece. ELT Journal, 74(4), 474–479. 10.1093/elt/ccaa045
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccaa045 [Google Scholar]
42. Jenkins, J., Baker, W., & Dewey, M.
    (Eds.) (2018) The Routledge handbook of English as a Lingua Franca. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
43. Jenkins, J., & Leung, C.
    (2019) From mythical ‘standard’ to standard reality: The need for alternatives to standardized English language tests. Language Teaching, 52(1), 86–110. 10.1017/S0261444818000307
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444818000307 [Google Scholar]
44. Jenkins, J., & Mauranen, A.
    (2019) Linguistic diversity on the EMI campus. Routledge. 10.4324/9780429020865
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429020865 [Google Scholar]
45. Jones, P.
    (2020) Critical transformative learning and social work education: Jack Mezirow’s transformative learning theory. InC. Morley, P. Ablett, C. Noble, & S. Cowden (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of critical pedagogies for social work (pp.489–500). Routledge. 10.4324/9781351002042‑40
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351002042-40 [Google Scholar]
46. Jordão, C. M. & Marques, A. N.
    (2018) English as a lingua franca and critical literacy in teacher education: Shaking off some “good old habits”. InGimenez, T., El Kadri, M. & Calvo, L. C. S. (Eds.). English as a lingua franca in Teacher Education: A Brazilian Perspective (pp.53–68). De Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9781501503856‑004
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501503856-004 [Google Scholar]
47. Kachru, B. B.
    (1992) The other tongue: English across cultures. University of Illinois Press.
    [Google Scholar]
48. Kiczkowiak, M.
    (2020) Seven principles for writing materials for English as a Lingua Franca ELT Journal, 74(1), 1–9. 10.1093/elt/ccz042
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccz042 [Google Scholar]
49. Kiczkowiak, M.
    (2021) Pronunciation in course books: English as a Lingua Franca perspective. ELT Journal, 75(1), 55–66. 10.1093/elt/ccaa068
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccaa068 [Google Scholar]
50. Kimura, D., & Canagarajah, S.
    (2018) Translingual practice and ELF. InJenkins, J., Baker, W., & Dewey, M. (Eds.). The Routledge Handbook of English as a Lingua Franca, (pp.295–308). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
51. Kirkpatrick, A.
    (2012) English as an Asian Lingua Franca: The “Lingua Franca approach” and implications for language education policy. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca, 1(1), 121–140. 10.1515/jelf‑2012‑0006
    https://doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2012-0006 [Google Scholar]
52. Kohn, K.
    (2015) A pedagogical space for ELF in the English classroom. InY. Bayyurt & S. Akcan (Eds.), Current perspectives on pedagogy for ELF (pp.51–67). De Gruyter Mouton.
    [Google Scholar]
53. Kohn, K.
    (2018) Towards the reconciliation of ELF and EFL: Theoretical issues and pedagogical challenges. InS. Sifakis & N. Tsantila (Eds.), English as a Lingua Franca for EFL contexts (pp.32–48). Multilingual Matters.
    [Google Scholar]
54. Kordia, S.
    (2020) ELF awareness in the task-based classroom: A way forward. ELT Journal, 74(4), 398–407. 10.1093/elt/ccaa034
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccaa034 [Google Scholar]
55. Kumaravadivelu, B.
    (2006) TESOL methods: Changing tracks, challenging trends. TESOL Quarterly, 40(1), 59–81. 10.2307/40264511
    https://doi.org/10.2307/40264511 [Google Scholar]
56. Lantolf, J. P.
    (2000) (Ed.). Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Learning. Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
57. Larsen-Freeman, D., & Cameron, L.
    (2008) Complex systems and applied linguistics. Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
58. Lee, J. W., & Dovchin, S.
    (2020) Translinguistics: Negotiating innovation and ordinariness. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
59. Lo Bianco, J.
    (2013) Innovation in language policy and planning: Ties to English language education. InK. Hyland & L. L. C. Wong (Eds.), Innovation and change in English language education (pp.139–154). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
60. Matsumoto, Y.
    (2019) Exploring epistemological expansions of English as a Lingua Franca. TESOL Quarterly, 53(2), 566–578. 10.1002/tesq.508
    https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.508 [Google Scholar]
61. Mauranen, A.
    (2012) Exploring ELF: Academic English shaped by non-native speakers. Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
62. Mauranen, A.
    (2018) Conceptualizing ELF. InJenkins, J., Baker, W., & Dewey, M. (Eds.). The Routledge Handbook of English as a Lingua Franca (pp.7–24). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
63. May, S.
    (Ed.) (2014) The multilingual turn. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
64. Mezirow, J.
    (1991) Transformative dimensions of adult learning. Jossey-Bass.
    [Google Scholar]
65. Mezirow, J.
    (1998) On critical reflection. Adult Education Quarterly, 48(3), 185–198. 10.1177/074171369804800305
    https://doi.org/10.1177/074171369804800305 [Google Scholar]
66. Mezirow, J.
    (2000) Learning to think like an adult: Core concepts of transformation theory. InJ. Mezirow & Associates (Eds.), Learning as transformation: Critical perspectives on a theory in progress (pp.3–34). Jossey-Bass.
    [Google Scholar]
67. Moon, J. A.
    (2004) A handbook of reflective and experiential learning: Theory and practice. Routledge Falmer.
    [Google Scholar]
68. Norton, B., & Toohey, K.
    (2004) Critical pedagogies and language learning: An introduction. InB. Norton & K. Toohey (Eds.), Critical pedagogies and language learning (pp.1–17). Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9781139524834.001
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139524834.001 [Google Scholar]
69. Norton, B.
    (2013) Identity and Language Learning: Extending the Conversation. Multilingual Matters. 10.21832/9781783090563
    https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783090563 [Google Scholar]
70. Pennycook, A.
    (1990) Critical pedagogy and second language education. System, 18(3), 303–314. 10.1016/0346‑251X(90)90003‑N
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0346-251X(90)90003-N [Google Scholar]
71. Pennycook, A.
    (1997) Critical Applied Linguistics – A critical introduction. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
72. Pennycook, A.
    (2001) The social politics and the cultural politics of language classrooms. InJ. K. Hall & Eggington, W. G. (Eds.), The sociopolitics of English language teaching (pp.89–103). Multilingual Matters.
    [Google Scholar]
73. Pennycook, A.
    (2017) Global Englishes and transcultural flows. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
74. Pennycook, A., & Makoni, S.
    (2020) Innovations and challenges in Applied Linguistics from the Global South. Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
75. Pennycook, A. & Otsuji, E.
    (2015) Metrolingualism: Language in the city. Routledge. 10.4324/9781315724225
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315724225 [Google Scholar]
76. Pitzl, M-L.
    (2018) Creativity, idioms and metaphorical language in ELF. InJ. Jenkins, W. Baker, & M. Dewey (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of English as a lingua franca (pp.233–243). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
77. Ranta, E.
    (2018) Grammar in ELF. InJenkins, J., Baker, W. & Dewey, M. (Eds.). The Routledge handbook of English as a lingua franca (pp.244–254). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
78. Roessger, K. M.
    (2014) The effect of reflective activities on instrumental learning in adult work-related education: A critical review of the empirical research. Educational Research Review, 13, 17–34. 10.1016/j.edurev.2014.06.002
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2014.06.002 [Google Scholar]
79. Rose, H. & Galloway, N.
    (2019) Global Englishes for Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/9781316678343
    https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316678343 [Google Scholar]
80. Rose, H., McKinley, J., & Galloway, N.
    (2021) Global Englishes and language teaching: A review of pedagogical research. Language Teaching, 54(2), 157–189. 10.1017/S0261444820000518
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444820000518 [Google Scholar]
81. Schön, D. A.
    (1983) The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. Basic Books.
    [Google Scholar]
82. Seidlhofer, B.
    (2011) Understanding English as a Lingua Franca. Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
83. Shohamy, E.
    (2017) Critical language testing. InE. Shohamy, I. G. Or., & S. May (Eds), Language testing and assessment (pp.441–454). Springer. 10.1007/978‑3‑319‑02261‑1_26
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02261-1_26 [Google Scholar]
84. Shohamy, E.
    (2018) ELF and critical language testing. InJ. Jenkins, W. Baker & M. Dewey (Eds.). The Routledge handbook of English as a Lingua Franca (pp.583–593). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
85. Sifakis, N.
    (2007) The education of the teachers of English as a Lingua Franca: A transformative perspective. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 17(3), 355–375. 10.1111/j.1473‑4192.2007.00174.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-4192.2007.00174.x [Google Scholar]
86. Sifakis, N. C.
    (2009) Challenges in teaching ELF in the periphery: The Greek context. ELT Journal, 63(3), 230–237. 10.1093/elt/ccn057
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccn057 [Google Scholar]
87. Sifakis, N. C.
    (2014) ELF awareness as an opportunity for change: A transformative perspective for ESOL teacher education. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca, 3(2), 317–335. 10.1515/jelf‑2014‑0019
    https://doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2014-0019 [Google Scholar]
88. Sifakis, N. C.
    (2018) ELF as an opportunity for foreign language use, learning and instruction in Greece and beyond. InZ. Tatsioka, B. Seidlhofer, N. C. Sifakis, & G. Ferguson (Eds.), Using English as a Lingua Franca in education in Europe (pp.13–27). De Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9781501503115‑002
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501503115-002 [Google Scholar]
89. Sifakis, N. C.
    (2019) ELF awareness in English language teaching: Principles and processes. Applied Linguistics, 40(2), 288–306. 10.1093/applin/amx034
    https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amx034 [Google Scholar]
90. Sifakis, N., & Bayyurt, Y.
    (2016) ELF-aware teacher education and transformative learning. Comments on Éva Illés. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca, 5(1), 147–153. 10.1515/jelf‑2016‑0007
    https://doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2016-0007 [Google Scholar]
91. Sifakis, N. C., & Bayyurt, Y.
    (2018) ELF-aware teacher education and development. InJ. Jenkins, W. Baker, & M. Dewey (Eds.), The Routledge handbook on English as a Lingua Franca (pp.456–467). Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
92. Sifakis, N. C., & Fay, R.
    (2018) Developing an ELF-aware intercultural communication pedagogy: A teacher-friendly and research-informed framework. Paper presented at the11th International Conference of English as a Lingua Franca.
    [Google Scholar]
93. Sifakis, N. C., & Kordia, S.
    (2019) Promoting transformative learning through English as a lingua franca: An empirical study. InT. Fleming, A. Kokkos, & F. Finnegan (Eds.), European perspectives on Transformation Theory, (pp.177–192). Palgrave Macmillan. 10.1007/978‑3‑030‑19159‑7_12
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19159-7_12 [Google Scholar]
94. Sifakis, N. C., & Kordia, S.
    (2020) Mezirow meets Kegan: Conceptual links and insights for English as a Lingua Franca teacher education. InA. Kokkos (Ed.), Expanding Transformation Theory: Affinities between Jack Mezirow and emancipatory educationalists (pp.106–122). Routledge. 10.4324/9781138489226‑6
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9781138489226-6 [Google Scholar]
95. Sifakis, N. C., Lopriore, L., Dewey, M., Bayyurt, Y., Vettorel, P., Cavalheiro, L., Siqueira, D. S. P., & Kordia, S.
    (2018) ELF-awareness in ELT: Bringing together theory and practice. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca, 7(1), 155–207. 10.1515/jelf‑2018‑0008
    https://doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2018-0008 [Google Scholar]
96. Sifakis, S., & Tsantila, N.
    (Eds.) (2019) English as a Lingua Franca for EFL contexts. Multilingual Matters. 10.21832/SIFAKI1763
    https://doi.org/10.21832/SIFAKI1763 [Google Scholar]
97. Sifakis, N. C., Tsantila, N., Masina, A., & Vourdanou, K.
    (2020) Designing ELF-aware lessons in high-stakes exam contexts. ELT Journal, 74(4), 463–472. 10.1093/elt/ccaa031
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccaa031 [Google Scholar]
98. Sung, C. C. M.
    (2020) English as a Lingua Franca in the international university: Language experiences and perceptions among international students in multilingual Hong Kong. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 33(3), 258–273. 10.1080/07908318.2019.1695814
    https://doi.org/10.1080/07908318.2019.1695814 [Google Scholar]
99. Swain, M.
    (2006) Languaging, Agency and Collaboration in Advanced Second Language Proficiency. InByrnes, H. (Ed.), Advanced Language Learning: The Contribution of Halliday and Vygotsky, 95–108. Continuum.
    [Google Scholar]
100. Taylor, E. W.
     (2017) Transformative learning theory. InA. Laros, T. Fuhr, & E. W. Taylor (Eds). Transformative learning meets Bildung: An international exchange (pp.17–29). Sense Publishers. 10.1007/978‑94‑6300‑797‑9_2
     https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-797-9_2 [Google Scholar]
101. Tian, Z., & Shepard-Carey, L.
     (2020) (Re)imagining the future of translanguaging pedagogies in TESOL through teacher–researcher collaboration. TESOL Quarterly, 54(4), 1131–1143. 10.1002/tesq.614
     https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.614 [Google Scholar]
102. Vettorel, P.
     (2020) Communication Strategies in BELF: Implications for business English Language Teaching. Status Quaestionis, 19, 133–153.
     [Google Scholar]
103. Walker, R.
     (2010) Teaching the pronunciation of English as a lingua franca. Oxford University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
104. Wang, V. X., Torrisi-Steele, G., & Hansman, C. A.
     (2019) Critical theory and transformative learning: Some insights. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 25(2), 234–251. 10.1177/1477971419850837
     https://doi.org/10.1177/1477971419850837 [Google Scholar]
105. Wenden, A. L.
     (1998) Metacognitive knowledge and language learning. Applied Linguistics, 19(4), 515–537. 10.1093/applin/19.4.515
     https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/19.4.515 [Google Scholar]
106. Widdowson, H.
     (2012) ELF and the inconvenience of established concepts. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca, 1(1), 5–26. 10.1515/jelf‑2012‑0002
     https://doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2012-0002 [Google Scholar]
107. Wingate, U.
     (2018) Transforming higher education language and literacy policies: The contribution of ELF. InJ. Jenkins, W. Baker, & M. Dewey (Eds.). The Routledge handbook of English as a Lingua Franca (pp.427–437). Routledge.
     [Google Scholar]