(1987) Problems in examining the validity of the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview. In A. Valdman (ed.) Proceedings of the Symposium on the Evaluation of Foreign Language Proficiency. Bloomington, IN, Indiana University, CREDLI: 29–44.
(1986) The evaluation of communicative language proficiency: a critique of the ACTFL oral interview. Modern Language Journal70: 380–390. doi: 10.1111/j.1540‑4781.1986.tb05294.x
(1975) Testing communicative competence in listening comprehension. In R.L. Jones and B. Spolsky (eds) Testing language proficiency. Washington, DC, Center for Applied Linguistics: 45–57.
(1986) Parallel Distributed Processing. Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Volume2: Psychological and biological models. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.
(1985) Evaluation of communicative competence: the ACTFL Provisional Proficiency Guidelines. Modern Language Journal69,2: 129–134. doi: 10.1111/j.1540‑4781.1985.tb01928.x
(1985) What does it mean to know how to use a language? An essay on the theoretical basis of language testing. Language Testing2,2: 180–191. doi: 10.1177/026553228500200206