1887
Volume 3, Issue 1
  • ISSN 0155-0640
  • E-ISSN: 1833-7139
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

The aim of this paper is a discussion of some applications of results from discourse studies in the field of education. The major structures of discourse are discussed, in particular the semantic, pragmatic, schematic and conversational structures. These structures are then taken as the abstract basis for a cognitive model of discourse comprehension. A brief sketch is given of the main results of current experimental work on discourse processing. Discourse comprehension appears not only to be determined by knowledge and other factors of the cognitive set of language users (beliefs, opinions, attitudes, etc.), but also changes this set, e.g. in processes of learning.

Applications in the study of education are discussed in the framework of the following issues, representing the ‘textual’ dimensions of education: (i) classroom dialogue and interaction, (ii) reading and comprehension, (iii) textbooks, (iv) teaching discourse and communication, and (v) discourse analysis. It is argued that learning in these various dimensions of education should respect the basic results obtained about comprehension. Language learning is urged to take place within a broad integrated framework for the acquisition of discourse and communication skill.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/aral.3.1.01van
1980-01-01
2024-12-11
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Allen, J.P.B. & Widdowson, H.G.
    1974 “Teaching the Communicative Use of English”. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching. 1–21. doi: 10.1515/iral.1974.12.1‑4.1
    https://doi.org/10.1515/iral.1974.12.1-4.1 [Google Scholar]
  2. Bobrow, David , & Collins, Allen
    (eds.) 1975Representation and Understanding. (New York: Academic Press).
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Breuker, Joost
    1979 “Theoretical Foundations of Schematization. From macrostructure to frame”. Unpublished paper. University of Amsterdam.
  4. Cole, Peter & Morgan, Jerry L.
    (eds.) 1975Syntax and Semantics. Vol.3. Speech Acts. (New York: Academic Press).
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Coulthard, Malcolm
    1977An Introduction to Discourse Analysis. (London: Longman).
    [Google Scholar]
  6. van Dijk, Teun A.
    1972Some Aspects of Text Grammar. (The Hague: Mouton).
    [Google Scholar]
  7. 1977aText and Context. (London: Longman).
    [Google Scholar]
  8. 1977b “Semantic Macrostructures and Knowledge Frames in Discourse Comprehension”. In: Just & Carpenter (eds). 3–32.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. 1977cHet Literatuuronderwijs op school. Een kritische analyse. [Teaching Literature at school. A critical analysis.] (Amsterdam: van Gennep).
    [Google Scholar]
  10. 1978Tekstwetenschap. [Discourse Studies]. (Utrecht: Spectrum).
    [Google Scholar]
  11. 1979a. Macrostructure. An Interdisciplinary Study of Global Structures in Discourse, Interaction and Cognition. (Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum 1979, in press).
    [Google Scholar]
  12. 1979bStudies in the Pragmatics of Discourse. (The Hague: Mouton).
    [Google Scholar]
  13. (ed.) 1979Story Comprehension. (The Hague: Mouton, in press).
    [Google Scholar]
  14. van Dijk, Teun A. & Kintsch, Walter
    1977 “Cognitive Psychology and Discourse”. In: W.U. Dressier (ed.). 61–80.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Doughty, Peter , Pearce, John & Thornton, Geoffrey
    1971Language in Use. (London: Arnold).
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Dressier, Wolfgang U.
    (ed.) 1977Current Trends in Textlinguistics. (Berlin: de Gruyter).
    [Google Scholar]
  17. (ed.) 1978Textlinguistik. (Darmstandt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft).
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Dressier, Wolfgang U. & de Beaugrande, Robert
    1979Introduction to Textlinguistics. (London: Longman, in press).
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Fishbein, Martin & Ajzen, Icek
    1975Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behaviour. (Reading, Mass.: Addison Wesley).
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Freedle, Roy O.
    (ed.) 1977Discourse Production and Comprehension. (Norwood, N.J.: Ablex).
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Goeppert, Herma C.
    (ed.) 1977Sprachverhalten im Unterricht. (Munich: Fink, UTB).
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Grimes, Joseph C.
    1975The Thread of Discourse. (The Hague: Mouton). doi: 10.1515/9783110886474
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110886474 [Google Scholar]
  23. Halliday, M.A.K. & Hasan, R.
    1977Cohesion in English. (London: Longman).
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Just, Marcel & Carpenter, Patricia
    (eds.) 1977Cognitive Processes in Comprehension. (Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum).
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Katz, Jerrold J.
    1977Propositional Structure and Illocutionary Force. (Hassocks, Sussex: Harvester).
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Kay Jones, Linda
    1977Theme in English Expository Discourse. (Lake Bluff, Ill: Jupiter Press).
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Keenan, E.O. & Klein, E.
    1975 “Coherency in Children’s Discourse”, Journal of Psycholinguistics Research, 4. 365–380. doi: 10.1007/BF01067065
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01067065 [Google Scholar]
  28. Kintsch, Walter
    1974The Representation of Meaning in Memory. (Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum).
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Kintsch, Water & van Dijk, Teun A.
    1978 “Towards a Model of Discourse Comprehension and Production”. Psychological Review 85 362–394.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Laberge, David & Samuels, S. Jay
    (eds) 1977Basic Processes in Reading. (Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum).
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Lakoff, George
    1971 “Presumption and Relative Well-formedness”. In: D. D. Steinberg & L. A. Jakobovits (eds.). Semantics. (London: Cambridge University Press). 341–344.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Mandler, Jean M.
    1978 “A Code in the Node”. Discourse Processes, 1. doi: 10.1080/01638537809544426
    https://doi.org/10.1080/01638537809544426 [Google Scholar]
  33. Mandler, Jean M. & Johnson, Nancy
    1977 “Remembrance of Things Passed. Story Structure and Recall”. Cognitive Psychology, 9. 111–151. doi: 10.1016/0010‑0285(77)90006‑8
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(77)90006-8 [Google Scholar]
  34. Meyer, Bonnie F.
    1975The Organization of Prose and its Effects on Memory. (Amsterdam: North Holland).
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Minsky, Marvin
    1975 “A framwork for Representing Knowledge”. In: P. Winston (ed.). The Psychology of Computer Vision. (New York: McGraw-Hill).
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Moffett, James
    1968Teaching the Universe of Discourse. (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin).
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Morrison, A. & Mclntyre, D.
    (eds.) 1972Social Psychology of Teaching. (Harmondsworth: Penguin).
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Petöfi, János S.
    (ed.) 1979Text vs. Sentence. Basic Problems of Textlinguistics. (Hamburg: Buske Verlag).
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Petöfi, János S. & Rieser, Hannes
    (eds.) 1973Studies in Text Grammar. (Dordrecht: Reidel). doi: 10.1007/978‑94‑010‑2636‑9
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-2636-9 [Google Scholar]
  40. Piaget, Jean
    1959The Language and Thought of the Child [1926] (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul).
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Rumelhart, David
    1975 “Notes on a Schema for Stories”. In: Bobrow & Collins (eds.), 211–236.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. 1977 “Understanding and Summarizing Brief Stories”. In: Laberge & Samuels (Eds.), 265–303.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Sacks, Harvey , Schegloff, Emmanuel & Jefferson, Gail
    1974 “A Simplest Systematic for the Organization of Turn-taking for Conversation”. Language, 50. 696–735. doi: 10.1353/lan.1974.0010
    https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.1974.0010 [Google Scholar]
  44. Sadock, Jerry M.
    1974Toward a Linguistic Theory of Speech Acts. (New York: Academic Press).
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Schank, Roger & Abelson, Robert C.
    1977Scripts, Plans, Goals and Understanding. (Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum).
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Schenkein, Jim
    (ed.) 1977Studies in the Organization of Conversational Interaction. (New York: Academic Press).
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Schmidt, Siegfield J.
    (ed.) 1976Pragmatik II. Pragmatics. (Munich: Fink).
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Searle, John
    1969Speech Acts. (London: Cambridge University Press). doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139173438
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173438 [Google Scholar]
  49. Sinclair, J. McH. , & Coulthard, R.M.
    1975Towards and Analysis of Discourse. (London: Oxford University Press).
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Sudnow, David
    (ed.) 1972Studies in Social Interaction. (New York: Free Press).
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Thorndyke, Perry W.
    1975Cognitive Structures in Human Story Comprehension and Memory. (Ph.D. Diss., Stanford). [partly published inCognitive Psychology, 9 (1977), 7–110].
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Turner, Roy
    (ed.) 1974Ethnomethodology. (Harmondsworth: Penguin).
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Wehrlich, E.
    1976A Text Grammar of English. (Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer, UTB).
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Wunderlich, Dieter
    (ed.) 1972Linguisticsche Pragmatik. (Stuttgart: Athenåum).
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/aral.3.1.01van
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error