1887
Literacy
  • ISSN 0155-0640
  • E-ISSN: 1833-7139
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Parents have considerable influence on their children’s learning in the processes of general socialization. Much of this learning is relevant to school learning and differences between families in these matters can cause substantial differences in children’s school achievements. This applies to children’s learning to read. Systematic studies have shown that schools can have considerable success in involving parents in assisting the reading development of low competence readers by using simple techniques of modelling and reinforcement which are part of parents’ general socialization skills. These studies are reviewed.

The implications of the “natural learning approach” for home-reading programs is analyzed – and relevant literature is examined to portray two further approaches:

a) schools involving parents in activities which are Generally supportive of their children’s reading development;

b) parents being trained to develop their children’s cognitive/reading skills during reading episodes.

These models have not yet been systematically evaluated.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/aral.9.2.03too
1986-01-01
2024-12-09
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Abrahamson, R.F. and P. Shannon
    (1984) A plot structure analysis of favourite picture books. The Reading Teacher. 37:42–47.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Ammon, M.S. and S. Brandt
    (1986) Promoting and enriching a home based reading project. Berkeley, School of Education, university of California, Berkeley.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Anderson, A.B. and S.J. Stokes
    (1984) Social and institutional influences on the development and practice of literacy. In H. Goelman , A. Oberg and F. Smith (eds.): 24–37.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Ashman, A.
    (1986) A recipe for success in interventions. Paper read to 22nd Annual Conference of the Australian Group for the Scientific Study of Mental Deficiency, Sydney, August 1986.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Au, K.H.
    (1980) Participation structures in a reading lesson with Hawaiian children. Anthropology of Education Quarterly. 11:91–115. doi: 10.1525/aeq.1980.11.2.05x1874b
    https://doi.org/10.1525/aeq.1980.11.2.05x1874b [Google Scholar]
  6. Bar-Lev, Y.
    (1976) The effectiveness of parent training programs on their children’s motivation, classroom behaviour and achievement. Disssertation Abstracts. 37:2521A–2522A.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Barth, R.
    (1979) Home-based reinforcement of school-behaviour: a review. Review of Educational Research. 49,3:436–458. doi: 10.3102/00346543049003436
    https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543049003436 [Google Scholar]
  8. Becher, R.M.
    (1985) Parent involvement and reading achievement: a review of research and implications for practice. Childhood Education. Sept.-Oct.: 44–50.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Becker, H.J. and J. Epstein
    (1982) Parental involvement: a survey of teacher practices. Elementary School Journal. 83,2:85–102. doi: 10.1086/461297
    https://doi.org/10.1086/461297 [Google Scholar]
  10. Bereiter, C. and E. Engelmann
    (1966) Teaching disadvantaged children in pre-school. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice Hall.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Bissex, G.L.
    (1984) The child as teacher. In H. Goelman , A. Oberg and F. Smith (eds.): 87–101.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Boehulein, M.M. and B.H. Hager
    (1985) Children, parents and reading: an annotated bibliography. Newark, Delaware, International Reading Association.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Bryant, P. and L. Bradley
    (1985) Children’s reading problems. Oxford, Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Bucroeder, M.
    (1956) I was in the dark on this reading business. Reading Teacher. 10:14–16.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Butler, D. and M. Clay
    (1979) Reading begins at home. Melbourne, Primary Education.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Chall, J. and C. Snow
    (1982) Families and literacy: the contribution of out-of-school experiences to children’s acquisition of literacy. Department of Education, Harvard University.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Clark, M.
    (1976) Young fluent readers. London, Heinemann.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Derry, S.J. and D.A. Murphy
    (1986) Designing systems that train learning ability: from theory to practice. Review of Educational Research. 56, 1:1–39. doi: 10.3102/00346543056001001
    https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543056001001 [Google Scholar]
  19. Donaldson, M.
    (1978) Children’s minds. London, Fontana.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Duff, W.A.
    (1972) Counselling disdavantaged parents in the home. Dissertation Abstracts. 33:1432A.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Glynn, T.
    (1985) Remedial reading at home. In K. Topping and J. Wolfendale (eds.): 181–188.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Goelman, H. , A. Oberg and F. Smith
    (eds.) (1984) Awakening to literacy. New York, Heinemann Educational.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Goldfield, B. and C. Snow
    (1984) Reading books with young children: the mechanics of parental influence on children’s reading achievement. In C. Snow (ed.) The reader and the teacher. Norwood, New Jersey; Ablex: 204–215.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Goodman, K.S.
    (1979) Who killed Cock Robin?Theory into Practice. XVI, 5:309–315.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Goodman, Y.
    (1984) The development of initial literay. In H. Goelman , A. Oberg and F. Smith (eds.): 102–109.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Griffiths, A. and D. Hamilton
    (1984) Parent teacher child. London, Methuen.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Hannon, P. and P. Cuckle
    (1984) Involving parents in the teaching of reading: a study of current school practice. Educational Research. 26,1:7–13. doi: 10.1080/0013188840260102
    https://doi.org/10.1080/0013188840260102 [Google Scholar]
  28. Hannon, P. and A. Jackson
    (1981) The Belfield project. Rochdale, Belfield School.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Hannon, P. , A. Jackson and B. Page
    (1985) Implementation and take-up of a project to involve parents in the teaching of reading. In K. Topping and S. Wolfendale (eds.): 54–64.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Hansen, D.A.
    (forthcoming) Family-school articulations: the effects of interaction rule mismatch. American Educational Research Journal.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Heath, S.B.
    (1982a) What no bed-time story means: narrative skills at home and school. Language in Society. 11/2:49–76. doi: 10.1017/S0047404500009039
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404500009039 [Google Scholar]
  32. (1982b) Questioning at school and home: a comparative study. In G. Spindler (ed.) Doing the ethnography of schooling. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Heckelman, R.G.
    (1969) The neurological impress method. Academic Therapy. 4:277–282.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Hess, R.D. and S.D. Holloway
    (1983) Family and school as educational institutions. In R.D. Parke (ed.) Review of child development research. Vol.7: the family. Chicago, University of Chicago Press: 179–222.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Hess, R.D. , S. Holloway , G.G. Price and W.P. Dickson
    (1982) Family environments and acquisition of reading skills: toward a more precise analysis. In L.M. Laosa and I. Sigel (eds.): 86–101. doi: 10.1007/978‑1‑4684‑4172‑7_3
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4172-7_3 [Google Scholar]
  36. Hess, R.D. and T.M. McDevitt
    (1984) Some cognitive consequences of maternal intervention techniques: a longitudinal study. Child Development. 55:2017–2030. doi: 10.2307/1129776
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1129776 [Google Scholar]
  37. Hewison, J. and J. Tizard
    (1980) Parental involvement and reading attainment. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 50:209–215. doi: 10.1111/j.2044‑8279.1980.tb00803.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1980.tb00803.x [Google Scholar]
  38. Holdaway, D.
    (1979) The foundations of literacy. Sydney, Ashton scholastic.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Infant Education Committee, Education Department of Victoria
    Infant Education Committee, Education Department of Victoria (1981) Beginning reading. Melbourne, Government Printer.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Johnson, C. and R. Katz
    (1973) Using parents as change-agents for their children: a review. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 14,3:181–200. doi: 10.1111/j.1469‑7610.1973.tb01186.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1973.tb01186.x [Google Scholar]
  41. Knapman, D.
    (1985) The Elmwood project, Somerset. In K. Topping and S. Wolfendale (eds.): 75–81.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Laosa, L.M. and I. Sigel
    (eds.) (1982) Families as learning environments for children. New York, Plenum Press. doi: 10.1007/978‑1‑4684‑4172‑7
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4172-7 [Google Scholar]
  43. Lawrence, D.
    (1973) Improved reading through counselling. London, Ward Lock Educational.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. McClelland, D.C.
    (1973) Testing for competence rather than for “intelligence”. American Psychologist. 28:1–14. doi: 10.1037/h0034092
    https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034092 [Google Scholar]
  45. McNaughton, S. , T. Glynn and V.M. Robinson
    (1981) Parents, as remedial reading tutors. Christchurch, N.Z.C.E.R.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Mandier, J.M. and N.S. Johnson
    (1977) Remembrance of things parsed: story structure and recall. Cognitive Psychology. 9:111–151. doi: 10.1016/0010‑0285(77)90006‑8
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(77)90006-8 [Google Scholar]
  47. Manning, M.M. and S.L. Manning
    (1984) Early readers and non-readers from low socio-economic environments: what their parents report. The Reading Teacher. 4:32–34.
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Martinez, M. and N. Rosen
    (1985) Read it again: the value of repeated readings during storytime. The Reading Teacher. May: 147–151.
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Morris, C. , A.J. Harris and I.T. Averbach
    (1971) The reading performance of disadvantaged early and non-early readers from grades one through seven. Journal of Educational Research. 65:23–26. doi: 10.1080/00220671.1971.10884240
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.1971.10884240 [Google Scholar]
  50. Moerk, E.
    (1985) Picture book reading by mothers and young children and its impact upon language development. Journal of Pragmatics. 9:547–566. doi: 10.1016/0378‑2166(85)90021‑9
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(85)90021-9 [Google Scholar]
  51. Morrow, L.M.
    (1982) Home and school correlates of early interest in literacy. Journal of Educational Research. 76:221–230.
    [Google Scholar]
  52. (1984) Effects of story re-telling on young children’s comprehension and sense of story structure. 33rd Yearbook of the National Reading Conference 1984: 74–79.
    [Google Scholar]
  53. (1985) Reading and retelling stories. The Reading Teacher. May: 870–875.
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Neidermeyer, F.
    (1970) Parents teach kindergarteners reading at home. Elementary School Journal. 70:438–444. doi: 10.1086/460605
    https://doi.org/10.1086/460605 [Google Scholar]
  55. Ninio, A. and J. Bruner
    (1977) The achievement and antecedents of labelling. Journal of Child language. 5:1–15.
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Olmsted, P.P. et al
    (1976) Ten desirable teaching behaviours. Theory into Practice. 16,1:7–10. doi: 10.1080/00405847709542664
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00405847709542664 [Google Scholar]
  57. Olmsted, P.P. and R.I. Rubin
    (1983) Linking parent behaviours to child achievement: four evaluation studies from the Parent Education Follow Through Program. Studies in Educational Evaluation. 8:317–325. doi: 10.1016/0191‑491X(82)90036‑0
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-491X(82)90036-0 [Google Scholar]
  58. Read, S.
    (1985) Home reading program. The Educational Magazine. 42,2:20–21.
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Rees, R.J.
    (1978) Parents as language therapists for intellectually handicapped children. Canberra, Canberra C.A.E.
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Rhodes, L.K.
    (1981) I can read!: predictable books as resources for reading and writing instruction. The Reading Teacher. Feb.: 511–518.
    [Google Scholar]
  61. Robinson, V. et al
    (1980) Parents as remedial reading tutors. SET. No.2:14–17.
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Rowe, H.
    (1986) Parental roles in developing meta-cognitive skills. Paper read to Second Institute of Family Studies Research Conference, Melbourne, November 1986.
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Ryebaack, D. and A.W. Staats
    (1970) Parents as behaviour therapy-technicians in treating reading deficits (dyslexia). Journal of Behavioural Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 1:109–119. doi: 10.1016/0005‑7916(70)90034‑0
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7916(70)90034-0 [Google Scholar]
  64. Russell, W.F.
    (1985) The effect of an adult education program for parents on the language skills of their seventh grade children. A.E.R.A. Conference Paper, Chicago, March.
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Scribner, S. and M. Cole
    (1973) Cognitive consequences of formal and informal education. Science. 182:553–559. doi: 10.1126/science.182.4112.553
    https://doi.org/10.1126/science.182.4112.553 [Google Scholar]
  66. (1981) The psychology of literacy. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press. doi: 10.4159/harvard.9780674433014
    https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674433014 [Google Scholar]
  67. Searle, J.
    (1985) Student expectations in adult literacy programs. InReadings in Adult Basic Education. Melbourne, Australian Council for Adult Literacy: 50–62.
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Sigel, I.
    (1982) The relationship between parental distancing strategies and children’s cognitive behaviour. In L.M. Laosa and I. Sigel (eds.): 47–85.
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Smith, F.
    (1981) Demonstrations, engagements and sensitivity. Language Arts. 58,5:122–136.
    [Google Scholar]
  70. (1982) Understanding reading. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 3rd Edition.
    [Google Scholar]
  71. (1984) The creative achievement of literacy. In H. Goelman , A. Oberg and F. Smith (eds.): 143–153.
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Snow, C.
    (1983) Literacy and language: relationships during the pre-school years. Harvard Education Review. 53:165–189. doi: 10.17763/haer.53.2.t6177w39817w2861
    https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.53.2.t6177w39817w2861 [Google Scholar]
  73. Snow, C.E , C. Dubber and A. DeBiauw
    (1982) Routines in mother-child interaction. In L. Feagaan and D.C. Farran (eds.) The language of children reared in poverty. New York, Academic Press: 53–73.
    [Google Scholar]
  74. Snow, C. , D. Nathan and R. Perlmann
    (n.d.) Assessing children’s knowledge about book reading. Unpublished paper.
    [Google Scholar]
  75. Snow, C.E and A. Ninio
    (1986) The contracts of literacy. In W.E. Teale and E. Sulzby (eds.) Emergent literacy: reading and writing. Norwood, N.J., Ablex. (Cited from prepublication copy).
    [Google Scholar]
  76. Snowball, D.
    (ed.) (1985) Helping your child to read. Melbourne, Nelson.
    [Google Scholar]
  77. South Australian Education Department
    South Australian Education Department (1980) Helping your child with reading: a guide for parents. Adelaide, S.A.Departmant of Education.
    [Google Scholar]
  78. Stauffer, R.G.
    (1970) The language experience approach to the teaching of reading. New York, Harper and Row.
    [Google Scholar]
  79. Swanson, R. and R. Henderson
    (1976) Achieving home-school continuity in the socialization of an academic motive. Journal of Experimental Education. 44,3:38–44. doi: 10.1080/00220973.1976.11011535
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.1976.11011535 [Google Scholar]
  80. Swinson, J.
    (1985) Encouraging parents to listen to their children read. In K. Topping and S. Wolfendale (eds.): 65–74.
    [Google Scholar]
  81. Szegda, M.J. , P.P. Olmsted and M.J. Wetherby
    (1984) Long term effects of parent education follow through program for measures of school competence. School of Education, University of North Carolina.
  82. Szegda, M.J. , P.P. Olmsted , D.S. Williams and M.J. Wetherby
    (1985) The later effects of parent education follow through program on achievement scores for matched pairs of program children and their non-program siblings. School of Education, University of North Carolina.
  83. Taylor, D.
    (1982) Translating children’s everyday uses of print into classroom practice. Language Arts. 59,6:546–549.
    [Google Scholar]
  84. (1983) Family literacy. Exeter, N.H., Heinemann Educational.
    [Google Scholar]
  85. Teale, W.H.
    (1981) Parents reading to their children: what we need to know. Language Arts. 58,8:902–912.
    [Google Scholar]
  86. (1984a) Reading to young children: its significance for literacy development. In H. Goelman , A. Oberg and F. Smith (eds.): 110–121.
    [Google Scholar]
  87. (1984b) Towards a theory of how children learn to read and write naturally: an update. Yearbook of the 33rd Reading Conference: 317–322.
    [Google Scholar]
  88. (1986) Home background and children’s literacy development. In W.H. Teale and E. Sulzby (eds.) Emergent literacy: reading and writing. Norwood, Ablex Publishing Corporation: 141–163.
    [Google Scholar]
  89. Tizard, J. , W.N. Schofield and J. Hewison
    (1982) Collaboration between teachers and parents in assisting children’s reading. British Journal of Education Psychology. 52:1–15. doi: 10.1111/j.2044‑8279.1982.tb02498.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1982.tb02498.x [Google Scholar]
  90. Tobin, A.
    (1981) A longitudinal study of the social psychological and instructional correlates of early reading achievement. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Delaware.
  91. Topping, K.
    (1985) Review and prospect. In K. Topping and S. Wolfendale (eds.): 281–296.
    [Google Scholar]
  92. Topping, K. and S. Wolfendale
    (eds.) (1985) Parental involvement in children’s reading. London, Croom Helm.
    [Google Scholar]
  93. Toomey, D.M.
    (1981) The interaction of home and school in the production of educational inequality. Ph.D. thesis (Sociology), La Trobe University.
    [Google Scholar]
  94. (1986a) How parental participation and involvement in schools can increase educational inequality. Melbourne, A.A.R.E. Conference paper, November 1986.
    [Google Scholar]
  95. (1986b) Involving parents in their children’s reading. Collected Original Research in Education. 10,2: Fiche 12F5.
    [Google Scholar]
  96. (forthcoming) Linking class and gender inequality: the family and schooling. Sociology.
    [Google Scholar]
  97. Turbill, J.
    (1983) So you want to write!Roseville. P.E.T.A.
    [Google Scholar]
  98. Umansky, J. and S. Umansky
    (1976) Parents as behaviour therapy technicians in treating reading deficits. Australian Journal of Psychology. 3:89–95.
    [Google Scholar]
  99. Van Laar, M.
    (1985) Parent participation reading program. The Educational Magazine. 42,3:20–22.
    [Google Scholar]
  100. Victorian Education Department
    Victorian Education Department (1979) Beginning reading. Melbourne, Department of Education.
    [Google Scholar]
  101. Vukelich, C.
    (1984) Parents’ role in the reading process: a review of practical suggestions and ways to communicate to parents. The Reading Teacher. 37,6:472–477.
    [Google Scholar]
  102. Vygotsky, F.
    (1978) Mind in society. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  103. Wallatt, C.
    (1985) Child-adult interaction in home and community: contributions to understanding literacy. In B.A. Hutson (ed.) Advances in reading language research: Vol.3. Greenwich, Canada, J.A.I. Press: 147–195.
    [Google Scholar]
  104. Wells, G.
    (1981) Some antecedents of early educational attainment. British Journal Sociology of Education. 2,2:181–200. doi: 10.1080/0142569810020204
    https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569810020204 [Google Scholar]
  105. (1982) Story reading and the development of symbolic skills. Australian Journal of Reading. 5,3:143–152.
    [Google Scholar]
  106. Winter, S.
    (1985) Giving parents a choice. In K. Topping and S. Wolfendale (eds.): 201–207.
    [Google Scholar]
  107. Young, R.E.
    (1983) A school-communication-deficit hypothesis of educational disadvantage. Australian Journal of Education. 27,1:3–16.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/aral.9.2.03too
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error