oa A guide to construct non-canonical wh-questions

References

1. Aboh, Enoch Oladé
   2004 The Morphosyntax of Complement-Head Sequences: Clause Structure and Word Order Patterns in Kwa. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195159905.001.0001
   https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195159905.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
2. Butler, Jonny
   2003 A minimalist treatment of modality. Lingua113.101:967–996. 10.1016/S0024‑3841(02)00146‑8
   https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3841(02)00146-8 [Google Scholar]
3. Cheng, Lisa L.-S.
   2007 Verb copying in Mandarin Chinese. The Copy Theory of Movement, ed. byNorbert Corver and Jairo Nunes, 151–174. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. 10.1075/la.107.07che
   https://doi.org/10.1075/la.107.07che [Google Scholar]
4. Cheng, Lisa L.-S.
   2021 What-as-why sentences in Cantonese. Why is Why Unique? Its Syntactic and Semantic Properties, ed. byGabriela Soare, 219–246. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9783110675160‑008
   https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110675160-008 [Google Scholar]
5. Cheung, Lawrence Y.-L.
   2008 The Negative Wh-construction. Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.
6. Chomsky, Noam
   1995 The Minimalist Program. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   [Google Scholar]
7. Hamblin, Charles L.
   1973 Questions in Montague English. Foundations of Language10.11:41–53.
   [Google Scholar]
8. Han, Chung-Hye
   2002 Interpreting interrogatives as rhetorical questions. Lingua112.31:201–229. 10.1016/S0024‑3841(01)00044‑4
   https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3841(01)00044-4 [Google Scholar]
9. Hornstein, Norbert, and Jairo Nunes
   2002 On asymmetries between parasitic gap and across-the-board constructions. Syntax5.11:26–54. 10.1111/1467‑9612.00046
   https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9612.00046 [Google Scholar]
10. Hu, Jianhua
    2023 “He you yu wo zai” de jufa yuyi ji qita [On the syntax and semantics of “he you yu wo zai” and related issues]. Paper presented at the29th Annual Conference of the International Association of Chinese Linguistics (IACL-29), Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
    [Google Scholar]
11. Huang, Cheng-Teh James
    1994 Verb movement and some syntax-semantics mismatches in Chinese. Chinese Languages and Linguistics21:587–613.
    [Google Scholar]
12. Huang, Cheng-Teh James
    1997 On lexical structure and syntactic projection. Chinese Languages and Linguistics3.11:45–89.
    [Google Scholar]
13. Iatridou, Sabine, and Hedde Zeijlstra
    2013 Negation, Polarity, and Deontic Modals. Linguistic Inquiry44.41:529–568. 10.1162/LING_a_00138
    https://doi.org/10.1162/LING_a_00138 [Google Scholar]
14. Ishida, Tomohiro, Feng-fan Hsieh, and Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai
    2024 On prosody of non-canonical wh-expressions: A comparative study of Mandarin Chinese and Japanese. Paper presented in theInterdisciplinary Workshop on Linguistics, National Tsing Hua University. Hsinchu.
    [Google Scholar]
15. Karttunen, Lauri
    1977 Syntax and semantics of questions. Linguistics and Philosophy1.11:3–44. 10.1007/BF00351935
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00351935 [Google Scholar]
16. Kayne, Richard
    1994 The Antisymmetry of Syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    [Google Scholar]
17. Kwok, Bit-Chee
    2003 Xianggang yueyu yiwen daici “dian [tim35]” de laiyuan [The origin of the Hong Kong Cantonese interrogative pronoun “dian [tim 35]”]. Yuyanxue Luncong271:69–78.
    [Google Scholar]
18. Landau, Idan
    2007 Constraints on partial VP-fronting. Syntax10.21:127–164. 10.1111/j.1467‑9612.2007.00099.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9612.2007.00099.x [Google Scholar]
19. Lau, Seng-Hian, and Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai
    2020 A comparative study of how and why in Taiwan Southern Min and Mandarin Chinese. Language and Linguistics21.21:254–284.
    [Google Scholar]
20. Lohnstein, Horst
    2018 Verum focus, sentence Mood, and contrast. The Grammatical Realization of Polarity: Theoretical and Experimental Approaches, ed. byChristine Dimroth and Stefan Sudhoff, 55–87. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing. 10.1075/la.249.02loh
    https://doi.org/10.1075/la.249.02loh [Google Scholar]
21. Lü, Shuxiang
    1985 Jindai Hanyu Zhidaici [Pronouns in Modern Chinese] Shanghai: Xuelin Press.
    [Google Scholar]
22. Mei, Guang
    2015 Shanggu Hanyu Yufa Ganyao [Outline of Archaic Chinese Grammar]. Taipei: San Min Book.
    [Google Scholar]
23. Meisterernst, Barbara
    2020 Possibility and necessity and the scope of negation in Early Middle Chinese. International Journal of Chinese Linguistics7.11:1–44. 10.1075/ijchl.19013.mei
    https://doi.org/10.1075/ijchl.19013.mei [Google Scholar]
24. Meisterernst, Barbara
    2025 The Diachronic Development of Modal Expressions in Chinese. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
    [Google Scholar]
25. Nunes, Jairo
    2004 Linearization of Chains and Sideward Movement. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 10.7551/mitpress/4241.001.0001
    https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/4241.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
26. Pan, Victor Junnan
    2015 Mandarin peripheral construals at the syntax-discourse interface. The Linguistic Review32.41:819–868. 10.1515/tlr‑2015‑0005
    https://doi.org/10.1515/tlr-2015-0005 [Google Scholar]
27. Phan, Trần, and Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai
    2022 Surprise-denial/disapproval what-questions in Vietnamese: A cross-linguistic perspective. Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society Special Publication91:168–191.
    [Google Scholar]
28. Phan, Trần, and Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai
    2025 Traversing the “where” landscape: Vietnamese đâu and the clausal architecture of Vietnamese. Journal of East Asian Linguistics341:59–96. 10.1007/s10831‑024‑09288‑8
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10831-024-09288-8 [Google Scholar]
29. Ramchand, Gillian
    2008 Verb Meaning and the Lexicon: A First-phase Syntax. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511486319
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511486319 [Google Scholar]
30. Rett, Jessica
    2012 Miratives across constructions and languages. Paper presented at the5th California Universities Semantics and Pragmatics (CUSP-5), University of California, San Diego, CA.
    [Google Scholar]
31. Rett, Jessica, and Beth Sturman
    2021 Prosodically marked mirativity. Proceedings of the 37th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics Conference (WCCFL-37), ed. byDaniel K. E. Reisinger and Marianne Huijsmans, 1–20. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.
    [Google Scholar]
32. Rizzi, Luigi
    1997 The fine structure of the left periphery. Elements of Grammar, ed. byLiliane Haegeman, 281–338. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer. 10.1007/978‑94‑011‑5420‑8_7
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5420-8_7 [Google Scholar]
33. Shao, Jingmin
    1995 “Zenme” yiwenju de yufa yiyi ji gongneng leixing [The syntactic meaning and functional types of “zenme” interrogative sentences]. Yufa Yanjiu he Tansuo [Research and Exploration in Grammar], vol.71, ed. bythe Editorial Department of Zhongguo Yuwen Zazhishe [Studies of The Chinese Language], 185–199. Beijing: The Commercial Press.
    [Google Scholar]
34. Shao, Jingmin
    1996 Xiandai Hanyu Yiwenju Yanjiu [Interrogative Sentences in Modern Chinese]. Shanghai: East China Normal University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
35. Shlonsky, Ur, and Gabriela Soare
    2011 Where’s ‘Why’?Linguistic Inquiry42.41:651–669. 10.1162/LING_a_00064
    https://doi.org/10.1162/LING_a_00064 [Google Scholar]
36. Stepanov, Arthur, and Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai
    2008 Cartography and licensing of wh-adjuncts: A cross-linguistic perspective. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory26.31:589–638. 10.1007/s11049‑008‑9047‑z
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-008-9047-z [Google Scholar]
37. Tang, Sze-Wing
    2009 Zenme yong shenme wen weishenme — Lishi han gongshi de yanjiu [How to ask why by using what — A diachronic and synchronic perspective]. Yuyanxue Luncong401:233–250.
    [Google Scholar]
38. Tang, Sze-Wing
    2011 Wen yuanyin de zenme [On causal How in Chinese]. Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies32.21:43–47.
    [Google Scholar]
39. Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan
    2008 Left Periphery and How-Why Alternations. Journal of East Asian Linguistics17.21:83–115. 10.1007/s10831‑008‑9021‑0
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10831-008-9021-0 [Google Scholar]
40. Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan
    2011 Cong “Zhe hua cong he shuo qi” [Speaking from “where does this come from?”], Yuyanxue Luncong431:194–208.
    [Google Scholar]
41. Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan
    2015a A tale of two peripheries: Evidence from Chinese adverbials, light verbs, applicatives and object fronting. The Cartography of Chinese Syntax, ed. byWei-Tien Dylan Tsai, 1–32. New York: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
42. Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan
    2015b On the topography of Chinese modals. Beyond Functional Sequence, ed. byUr Shlonsky, 275–294. New York: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210588.003.0015
    https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210588.003.0015 [Google Scholar]
43. Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan
    2019 Hanyu yuqi de xianzhuxing han yinxing motai fanchou [Mood prominence and silent modals of Chinese]. Language Science18.11:1–12.
    [Google Scholar]
44. Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan
    2021 On applicative why-questions in Chinese. Why is ‘Why’ Unique? Its Syntactic and Semantic Properties, ed. byGabriela Soare, 197–218. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9783110675160‑007
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110675160-007 [Google Scholar]
45. Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan
    2024 On projecting causality. Nordlyd48.11:25–37. 10.7557/12.7970
    https://doi.org/10.7557/12.7970 [Google Scholar]
46. Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan, and Ching-Yu Helen Yang
    2022 On the syntax of mirativity: Evidence from Mandarin Chinese. New Explorations in Chinese Theoretical Syntax: Studies in Honor of Yen-Hui Audrey Li, ed. byAndrew Simpson, 431–444. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing. 10.1075/la.272.15tsa
    https://doi.org/10.1075/la.272.15tsa [Google Scholar]
47. Vanrell, Maria del Mar
    2013 Pitch accent types and the perception of focus in Majorcan Catalan wh-questions. Prosody and Iconicity, ed. bySylvie Hancil and Daniel Hirst, 127–148. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing. 10.1075/ill.13.07van
    https://doi.org/10.1075/ill.13.07van [Google Scholar]
48. Yang, Barry Chung-Yu
    2021 Two types of peripheral adjunct WHATs. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics47.11:61–92. 10.1075/consl.00023.yan
    https://doi.org/10.1075/consl.00023.yan [Google Scholar]
49. Yang, Yang, and Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai
    2019 Nianli yizhuan de yunlüyufa ji shiyanyanjiu [An experimental study on the prosodic syntax of force shift]. Chinese Teaching in the World33.11:36–46.
    [Google Scholar]