1887
Volume 55, Issue 2
  • ISSN 2451-828x
  • E-ISSN: 2451-8298
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Abstract

提要

第三人称指代词的基本功能是替代一个实体专用名词,避免表述的累赘重复。在1919年新文化运动之前,汉语中的“他”一直是一个中性第三人称指代词,既可指代男性,也可指代女性, 还可指代一切其他事物。汉语女性第三人称指代词的 “她” 直到二十世纪早期才出现。在现代社会中,“她” 字笔画简单,运用易教易学,但是为人所忽略的是由人字旁的“他”到女字旁的“她”紧密联系着近代中国社会和语言的变化。本文旨在结合文化史、语言学和语言认知来描述女性第三人称指代词在书面语、口语中的发展。通过讨论中国早期作品中关于女性人物的叙述,分析新文化运动后“她”字的产生、确立和使用,作者认为在现代汉语中,“她”字的存在,不仅可以避免专用名词的累赘重复,还能够降低第三人称代词在文本中回指关系的模糊性。然而,在汉语教学中,由于汉语省略主语和中性“他”在近现代汉语指代范围不清的特点,汉语学习者时不时在阅读和写作中有第三人称指代对象模糊现象。因此,汉语老师需要在教学实践中帮助学生特别厘清“他”与“她”的指代关系。

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2020-12-31
2025-02-13
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