1887
Volume 24, Issue 1
  • ISSN 0142-5471
  • E-ISSN: 1569-979X
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

This article examines the role of visual metaphor for moral-political cognition. It makes use of a large corpus of 250 multimodal op-eds about the Euro crisis and lays the foundation for establishing a general system of image-text relations in the op-ed genre. Specifically, the paper addresses the following questions: Is there a difference between a cartoon and an illustration? Why do not op-ed illustrations have captions? What role does layout play in conveying meaning? How do ‘op-ed’ and ‘illustration’ relate to each other in terms of the metaphors and moral values employed in both of them? What is the nature of the relationship between the two? How does the illustrating process work? Should the text and image be considered as a single unit or as two separate (though related) units? Moreover, the results of this research will show that visual metaphors can exert a strong effect on individuals’ moral-political cognition.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/idj.24.1.04abd
2018-11-19
2024-12-08
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Abdel-Raheem, A.
    (2013) Metaphor of the global financial crisis after 2008: Reconstructing confidence by Arab and Western financial medias. Sciences de la Société, 88, 160–182. 10.4000/sds.446
    https://doi.org/10.4000/sds.446 [Google Scholar]
  2. (2016) The JOURNEY metaphor and moral political cognition. Pragmatics & Cognition, 22(3), 373–401. 10.1075/pc.22.3.06abd
    https://doi.org/10.1075/pc.22.3.06abd [Google Scholar]
  3. (2017) Can cartoons influence Americans’ attitudes toward bailouts?Visual Communication Quarterly, 24(3), 179–191. 10.1080/15551393.2016.1230472
    https://doi.org/10.1080/15551393.2016.1230472 [Google Scholar]
  4. Abell, C.
    (2005) Pictorial implicature. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 63(1), 55–66. 10.1111/j.0021‑8529.2005.00181.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8529.2005.00181.x [Google Scholar]
  5. Barthes, R.
    (1961/1986) The photographic message. In S. Sontag (Ed.), A Barthes reader (pp.194–210). New York: Hill & Wang.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. (1964/1986) The responsibility of forms (trans. R. Howard ). Oxford: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bateman, J.
    (2008) Multimodality and genre: A foundation for the systematic analysis of multimodal documents. Basingstoke, Hampshire; New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. (2014) Text and image: a critical introduction to the visual-verbal divide. New York: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Beniger, J. R.
    (1983) Does television enhance the shared symbolic environment? Trends in labeling of editorial cartoons, 1948–1980. American Sociological Review, 48(1), 103–111. 10.2307/2095148
    https://doi.org/10.2307/2095148 [Google Scholar]
  10. Black, M.
    (1962) Models and metaphors. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. (1979) More about metaphor. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and thought (pp.19–43). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Bounegru, L. , & Forceville, C.
    (2011) Metaphors in editorial cartoons representing the global financial crisis. Visual Communication, 10(2), 209–229. 10.1177/1470357211398446
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1470357211398446 [Google Scholar]
  13. Cameron, L. , & Deignan, A.
    (2003) Combining large and small corpora to investigate tuning devices around metaphor in spoken discourse. Metaphor and Symbol, 18(3),149–160. 10.1207/S15327868MS1803_02
    https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327868MS1803_02 [Google Scholar]
  14. Chilton, P. , & Lakoff, G.
    (1989) Foreign policy by metaphor. CRL Newsletter, 3(5), 5–19.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Chomsky, N.
    (1995) Education is ignorance. In N. Chomsky (1996), Class Warfare: Interviews with David Barsamian. UK: Pluto Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Cortés de los Ríos, M.
    (2010) Cognitive devices to communicate the economic crisis: An analysis through covers in The Economist. Ibérica, 20, 81–106. Retrieved fromwww.aelfe.org/documents/04_20_Cortes.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Fauconnier, G. , & Turner, M.
    (1998) Conceptual integration networks. Cognitive Science, 22(2), 133–187. 10.1207/s15516709cog2202_1
    https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog2202_1 [Google Scholar]
  18. Feinberg, M. , & Wehling, E.
    (2018) A moral house divided: How idealized family models impact political cognition. PLoS ONE, 13(4): e0193347. 10.1371/journal.pone.0193347
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193347 [Google Scholar]
  19. Fillmore, C. J.
    (1985) Frames and the semantics of understanding. Quaderni di Semantica, 6, 222–254.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Forceville, C.
    (1996) Pictorial metaphor in advertising. London: Routledge. 10.4324/9780203272305
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203272305 [Google Scholar]
  21. (2014) Relevance Theory as a model for multimodal communication. In D. Machin (Ed.), Visual communication (pp.51–70). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Forceville, C. , & Urios-Aparisi, E.
    (2009) Introduction. In C. Forceville , & E. Urios-Aparisi (Eds.), Multimodal metaphor (pp.3–17). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110215366
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110215366 [Google Scholar]
  23. Franklin, M. B.
    (1988) “Museum of the mind”: an inquiry into the titling of artworks. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 3(1), 157–174. 10.1207/s15327868ms0303_4
    https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327868ms0303_4 [Google Scholar]
  24. Glucksberg, S.
    (1991) Beyond literal meanings: The psychology of allusion. Psychological Science, 2(3), 146–152. 10.1111/j.1467‑9280.1991.tb00122.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00122.x [Google Scholar]
  25. (2001) Understanding figurative language: From metaphors to idioms. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195111095.001.0001
    https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195111095.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  26. Glucksberg, S. , & Keysar, B.
    (1993) How metaphors work. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and thought (pp.401–424). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9781139173865.020
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173865.020 [Google Scholar]
  27. Gombrich, E.
    (1982) The image and the eye: Further studies in the psychology of pictorial representation. Oxford: Phaidon.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Gordon, M.
    (March14 1977) All the art that’s fit to befuddle. New York, 10(11), 49–52.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Grady, J.
    (2007) Metaphor. In D. Geeraetes , & C. Hurberts (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of cognitive linguistics (pp.188–213). New York: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Grady, J. , Oakley, T. , & Coulson S.
    (1999) Blending and metaphor. In W. Gibbs , & G. Steen (Eds.), Metaphor in cognitive linguistics (pp.101–24). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/cilt.175.07gra
    https://doi.org/10.1075/cilt.175.07gra [Google Scholar]
  31. Hampe, B.
    (2005) From perception to meaning: Image schemas in cognitive linguistics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110197532
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110197532 [Google Scholar]
  32. Jakobson, R.
    (1960).Closing statement: linguistics and poetics. In T. A. Sebeok (Ed.), Style in language (pp.350–77). Cambridge, MA: MIT.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Keysar, B. , & Glucksberg, S.
    (1992) Metaphor and communication. Poetics Today, 13(4), 633–658. 10.2307/1773292
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1773292 [Google Scholar]
  34. Kövecses, Z.
    (2000) Metaphor and emotion: Language, culture and body in human feeling. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. (2015) Where metaphors come from: Reconsidering context in metaphor. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190224868.001.0001
    https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190224868.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  36. Koller, V. , & Davidson, P.
    (2008) Social exclusion as conceptual and grammatical metaphor: a cross-genre study of British policy making. Discourse & Society, 19(3), 307–331. 10.1177/0957926508088963
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926508088963 [Google Scholar]
  37. Kraus, J.
    (2012) All the art that’s fit to print (And some that wasn’t): Inside the New York Times Op-Ed page. New York: Columbia University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Kress, G. , & van Leeuwen, T.
    (1996) Reading Images. London: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Lakoff, G.
    (1996) Moral politics: How conservatives and liberals think. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. (1999, December). Metaphorical thought in foreign policy: Why strategic framing matters. University of California at Berkeley & Rockridge Institute. Retrieved fromframeworksinstitute.org/assets/files/PDF_GII/metaphorical_thought.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  41. (2006a) Whose freedom? The battle over America’s most important idea. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. (2006b) Thinking points: Communicating our American values and vision. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. (2008) The political mind: Why you can’t understand 21st century politics with an 18th century brain. New York, NY: Viking.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Lakoff. G.
    (2013, November 13). Systemic causation and Syria: Obama’s framing problem. The Huffington Post. Retrieved fromwww.huffingtonpost.com/george-lakoff/systemic-causation-and-sy_b_3916092.html
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Lakoff, G.
    (2014) The ALL NEW Don’t Think of an Elephant: Know Your Values and Frame the Debate. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Lakoff, G. , & Johnson, M.
    (1980) Metaphors we live by. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  47. (1999) Philosophy in the flesh: The embodied mind and its challenge to Western thought. New York, NY: Basic Books.
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Lakoff, G. , & Turner, M.
    (1989) More than cool reason: A field guide to poetic metaphor. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 10.7208/chicago/9780226470986.001.0001
    https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226470986.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  49. Lakoff, G. , & Wehling, E.
    (2012a) The little blue book: the essential guide to thinking and talking democratic. New York: Simon & Schuster.
    [Google Scholar]
  50. (2012b, June14). Why the conservative worldview exalts selfishness. The Alternet. Retrieved fromwww.alternet.org/story/155875/lakoff%3A_why_the_conservative_worldview_exalts_selfishness
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Lapakko, D.
    (2009) Argumentation: Critical thinking in action. Bloomington, IN: iUniverse.
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Martinec, R. , & Salway, A.
    (2005) A system for image-text relations in new (and old) media. Visual Communication, 4(3), 339–374. 10.1177/1470357205055928
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1470357205055928 [Google Scholar]
  53. Mueller, B.
    (2011) Dynamics of international advertising: Theoretical and practical perspectives. New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Ninkovich, F.
    (1994) Modernity and power: A history of the domino theory in the twentieth century. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Ritchie, D.
    (2013) Metaphor. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Salway, A. , & Martinec, R.
    (2002) Some ideas for modeling image-text combinations. Surrey: University of Surrey. Retrieved fromepubs.surrey.ac.uk/508/1/fulltext.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Sperber, D. , & Wilson, D.
    (1995) Relevance theory: Communication and cognition (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Steen, G.
    (2007) Finding metaphor in grammar and usage: A methodological analysis of theory and research. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 10.1075/celcr.10
    https://doi.org/10.1075/celcr.10 [Google Scholar]
  59. Stenvoll, D.
    (2008) Slippery slope in political discourse. In T. Carver , & J. Pikalo (Eds.), Political language and metaphor: Interpreting and changing the world (pp.28–40). London: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Wehling, E.
    (2013) A nation under joint custody: How conflicting family models divide US politics. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of California, Berkeley.
    [Google Scholar]
  61. (2016) Moral disgust at its best: The important role of low-level mappings and structural parallelism in political disgust and disease metaphors. In Gola, E. , & Ervas, F. (Eds.), Metaphor and communication (pp.189–200). Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 10.1075/milcc.5.10weh
    https://doi.org/10.1075/milcc.5.10weh [Google Scholar]
  62. Wehling, E. , Feinberg, M , Saslow, L. , Melvær, W. , & Lakoff, G.
    (2014) A moral house divided: How idealized family models explain political polarization. (Manuscript submitted for publication)
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/idj.24.1.04abd
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): Eurozone crisis; Image-text relations; metaphoric moral framing; op-ed genre
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error