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Abstract

Abstract

Research has demonstrated that the various types of vocal sounds that are not typically regarded as linguistic or meaningful can serve as a significant resource for interaction. This study draws on multimodal conversation analysis to investigate (), an interjection in Japanese often produced when force or effort is exerted. The analysis of () in instructional settings involving the body movements of both instructors and students showed that () is precisely coordinated with accompanying body movements through its phonetic adjustment. When coordinated with the teacher’s body movements, () can highlight the movements most critical in instruction and express their temporality and kinesthesia at the same time. The phonetic features of () can also facilitate students’ synchronization of movements with the instructor and their peers. Furthermore, when coordinated with the students’ body movements, () can enact the physical efforts the students should be making in real time. The study revealed that the participants’ bodies and the nature of the activity they engage in are consequential for their employment of a vocal resource and its production.

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2025-06-05
2026-03-07

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/content/journals/10.1075/il.24010.yas
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Vocal resource of effort and force in interaction
Interactional Linguistics 5, 69 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1075/il.24010.yas
/content/journals/10.1075/il.24010.yas
/content/journals/10.1075/il.24010.yas
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): grammar and body; instruction of body movements; multimodal conversation analysis; prosody; vocal resource; yoisho

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