1887
  1. Home
  2. e-Journals
  3. Interpreting
  4. Volume 25, Issue 2
  5. Article
Volume 25, Issue 2
  • ISSN 1384-6647
  • E-ISSN: 1569-982X
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Abstract

Prediction has long been considered advantageous in simultaneous interpreting, as it may allow interpreters to comprehend more rapidly and focus on their own production. However, evidence of prediction in simultaneous interpreting to date is relatively limited. In addition, it is unclear whether training in simultaneous interpreting influences predictive processing during a simultaneous interpreting task. We report on a longitudinal eye-tracking study which measured the timing and extent of prediction in students before and after two semesters of training in simultaneous interpreting. The students simultaneously interpreted sentences containing a highly predictable word as they viewed a screen containing four pictures, one of which depicted a highly predictable object. They made predictive eye movements to the highly predictable object both before and after their training in simultaneous interpreting. However, we did not find evidence that training influenced the timing or the magnitude of their prediction.

© 2023 John Benjamins Publishing Company
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/intp.00093.amo
2023-07-27
2025-06-12

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1075/intp.00093.amo
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Altmann, G. T. M. & Kamide, Y.
    (1999) Incremental interpretation at verbs: Restricting the domain of subsequent reference. Cognition73 (3), 247–264. 10.1016/S0010‑0277(99)00059‑1
     https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00059-1 [Google Scholar]
  2. Amos, R. M. & Pickering, M. J.
    (2020) A theory of prediction in simultaneous interpreting. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition23 (4), 706–715. 10.1017/S1366728919000671
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728919000671 [Google Scholar]
  3. Amos, R. M., Seeber, K. G. & Pickering, M. J.
    (2022) Prediction during simultaneous interpreting: Evidence from the visual-world paradigm. Cognition2201: 104987. 10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104987
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104987 [Google Scholar]
  4. Babcock, L., Capizzi, M., Arbula, S. & Vallesi, A.
    (2017) Short-term memory improvement after simultaneous interpretation training. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement1 (3), 254–267. 10.1007/s41465‑017‑0011‑x
     https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-017-0011-x [Google Scholar]
  5. Babcock, L. & Vallesi, A.
    (2017) Are simultaneous interpreters expert bilinguals, unique bilinguals, or both?Bilingualism: Language and Cognition20 (2), 403–417. 10.1017/S1366728915000735
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728915000735 [Google Scholar]
  6. Barr, D. J.
    (2008) Analyzing “visual world” eyetracking data using multilevel logistic regression. Journal of Memory and Language59 (4), 457–474. 10.1016/j.jml.2007.09.002
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2007.09.002 [Google Scholar]
  7. Barr, D. J., Levy, R., Scheepers, C. & Tily, H. J.
    (2013) Random effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: Keep it maximal. Journal of Memory and Language68 (3), 255–278. 10.1016/j.jml.2012.11.001
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2012.11.001 [Google Scholar]
  8. Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B. & Walker, S.
    (2015) Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software67 (1). 10.18637/jss.v067.i01
     https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01 [Google Scholar]
  9. Boersma, P. & Weenink, D.
    (2002) Praat: Doing phonetics by computer (Version 6.2.08). www.praat.org
  10. Borovsky, A., Elman, J. L. & Fernald, A.
    (2012) Knowing a lot for one’s age: Vocabulary skill and not age is associated with anticipatory incremental sentence interpretation in children and adults. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology112 (4), 417–436. 10.1016/j.jecp.2012.01.005
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2012.01.005 [Google Scholar]
  11. Chernov, G. V.
    (1994) Message redundancy and message anticipation in simultaneous interpretation. InS. Lambert & B. Moser-Mercer (Eds), Bridging the Gap: Empirical Research in Simultaneous Interpretation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 139–153. 10.1075/btl.3.13che
     https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.3.13che [Google Scholar]
  12. Chmiel, A.
    (2016) In search of the working memory advantage in conference interpreting – training, experience and task effects. International Journal of Bilingualism22 (3), 371–384. 10.1177/1367006916681082
     https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006916681082 [Google Scholar]
  13. (2021) Effects of simultaneous interpreting experience and training on anticipation, as measured by word-translation latencies. Interpreting23 (1), 18–44. 10.1075/intp.00048.chm
     https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00048.chm [Google Scholar]
  14. DeLong, K. A., Urbach, T. P. & Kutas, M.
    (2005) Probabilistic word pre-activation during language comprehension inferred from electrical brain activity. Nature Neuroscience81: 1117. 10.1038/nn1504
     https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1504 [Google Scholar]
  15. Dijkgraaf, A., Hartsuiker, R. J. & Duyck, W.
    (2017) Predicting upcoming information in native-language and non-native-language auditory word recognition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition20 (5), 917–930. 10.1017/S1366728916000547
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728916000547 [Google Scholar]
  16. Dikker, S., Rabagliati, H., Farmer, T. A. & Pylkkänen, L.
    (2010) Early occipital sensitivity to syntactic category is based on form typicality. Psychological Science21 (5), 629–634. 10.1177/0956797610367751
     https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610367751 [Google Scholar]
  17. Dong, Y. & Liu, Y.
    (2016) Classes in translating and interpreting produce differential gains in switching and updating. Frontiers in Psychology71: 1297. 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01297
     https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01297 [Google Scholar]
  18. Fan, D. C., Collart, A. & Chan, S-H.
    (2022) When two languages are competing: An ERP study of sentence processing in expert and novice interpreters. Interpreting24 (1), 1–37. 10.1075/intp.00069.fan
     https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00069.fan [Google Scholar]
  19. Frauenfelder, U. & Schriefers, H.
    (1997) A psycholinguistic perspective on simultaneous interpretation. Interpreting2 (1/2), 55–89. 10.1075/intp.2.1‑2.03fra
     https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.2.1-2.03fra [Google Scholar]
  20. Gile, D.
    (1997) Conference interpreting as a cognitive management problem. InF. Pöchhacker & M. Shlesinger (Eds), The interpreting studies reader. London: Routledge, 162–178.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Hervais-Adelman, A., Moser-Mercer, B., Murray, M. M. & Golestani, N.
    (2017) Cortical thickness increases after simultaneous interpretation training. Neuropsychologia981, 212–219. 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.01.008
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.01.008 [Google Scholar]
  22. Hoffman, R. R.
    (1997) The cognitive psychology of expertise and the domain of interpreting. Interpreting2 (1/2), 189–230. 10.1075/intp.2.1‑2.08hof
     https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.2.1-2.08hof [Google Scholar]
  23. Huettig, F. & Janse, E.
    (2016) Individual differences in working memory and processing speed predict anticipatory spoken language processing in the visual world. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience31 (1), 80–93. 10.1080/23273798.2015.1047459
     https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2015.1047459 [Google Scholar]
  24. Ito, A., Corley, M. & Pickering, M. J.
    (2017) A cognitive load delays predictive eye movements similarly during L1 and L2 comprehension. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition21 (2), 251–264. 10.1017/S1366728917000050
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728917000050 [Google Scholar]
  25. Ito, A., Gambi, C., Pickering, M., Fuellenbach, K. & Husband, E.
    (2020) Prediction of phonological and gender information: An event-related potential study in Italian. Neuropsychologia1361: 107291. 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107291
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107291 [Google Scholar]
  26. Ito, A., Pickering, M. J. & Corley, M.
    (2018) Investigating the time-course of phonological prediction in native and non-native speakers of English: A visual world eye-tracking study. Journal of Memory and Language981, 1–11. 10.1016/j.jml.2017.09.002
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2017.09.002 [Google Scholar]
  27. Kalina, S.
    (1998) Strategische Prozesse beim Dolmetschen. Theoretische Grundlagen, empirische Fallstudien, didaktische Konsequenzen. Tübingen: Gunter Narr.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Kamide, Y., Altmann, G. T. M. & Haywood, S. L.
    (2003) The time-course of prediction in incremental sentence processing: Evidence from anticipatory eye movements. Journal of Memory and Language49 (1), 133–156. 10.1016/S0749‑596X(03)00023‑8
     https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00023-8 [Google Scholar]
  29. Lew-Williams, C. & Fernald, A.
    (2010) Real-time processing of gender-marked articles by native and non-native Spanish speakers. Journal of Memory and Language63 (4), 447–464. 10.1016/j.jml.2010.07.003
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.07.003 [Google Scholar]
  30. Liontou, K.
    (2015) Anticipation. InF. Pöchhacker (Ed.), Routledge encyclopedia of interpreting studies. London/New York: Routledge, 15–17.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Liu, M.
    (2008) How do experts interpret? Implications from research in Interpreting Studies and cognitive science. InG. Hansen, A. Chesterman & H. Gerzymisch-Arbogast (Eds.), Efforts and models in interpreting and translation research: A tribute to Daniel Gile. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 159–177. 10.1075/btl.80.14liu
     https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.80.14liu [Google Scholar]
  32. Liu, M., Schallert, D. L. & Carroll, P. J.
    (2004) Working memory and expertise in simultaneous interpreting. Interpreting6 (1), 19–42. 10.1075/intp.6.1.04liu
     https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.6.1.04liu [Google Scholar]
  33. Liu, Y., Hintz, F., Liang, J. & Huettig, F.
    (2022) Prediction in challenging situations: Most bilinguals can predict upcoming semantically-related words in their L1 source language when interpreting. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition25 (5), 801–815. 10.1017/S1366728922000232
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728922000232 [Google Scholar]
  34. Lozano-Argüelles, C. & Sagarra, N.
    (2021) Interpreting experience enhances the use of lexical stress and syllabic structure to predict L2 word endings. Applied Psycholinguistics42 (5), 1135–1157. 10.1017/S0142716421000217
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716421000217 [Google Scholar]
  35. Lozano-Argüelles, C., Sagarra, N. & Casillas, J. V.
    (2020) Slowly but surely: Interpreting facilitates L2 morphological anticipation based on suprasegmental and segmental information. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition23 (4), 752–762. 10.1017/S1366728919000634
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728919000634 [Google Scholar]
  36. Marian, V., Blumenfeld, H. K. & Kaushanskaya, M.
    (2007) The language experience and proficiency questionnaire (LEAP-Q): Assessing language profiles in bilinguals and multilinguals. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research50 (4), 940–967. 10.1044/1092‑4388(2007/067)
     https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2007/067) [Google Scholar]
  37. Martin, C. D., Thierry, G., Kuipers, J.-R., Boutonnet, B., Foucart, A. & Costa, A.
    (2013) Bilinguals reading in their second language do not predict upcoming words as native readers do. Journal of Memory and Language69 (4), 574–588. 10.1016/j.jml.2013.08.001
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2013.08.001 [Google Scholar]
  38. McDonald, J. L.
    (2006) Beyond the critical period: Processing-based explanations for poor grammaticality judgment performance by late second language learners. Journal of Memory and Language55 (3), 381–401. 10.1016/j.jml.2006.06.006
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2006.06.006 [Google Scholar]
  39. Mitsugi, S. & Macwhinney, B.
    (2015) The use of case marking for predictive processing in second language Japanese. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition19 (1), 19–35. 10.1017/S1366728914000881
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728914000881 [Google Scholar]
  40. Moser, B.
    (1978) Simultaneous interpretation: A hypothetical model and its practical application. InD. Gerver & H. W. Sinaiko (Eds.), Language interpretation and communication. New York: Plenum Press, 353–368. 10.1007/978‑1‑4615‑9077‑4_31
     https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9077-4_31 [Google Scholar]
  41. Otten, M. & Van Berkum, J. J. A.
    (2009) Does working memory capacity affect the ability to predict upcoming words in discourse?Brain Research12911, 92–101. 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.07.042
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2009.07.042 [Google Scholar]
  42. Özkan, D., Hodzik, E. & Diriker, E.
    (2022) Simultaneous interpreting experience enhances the use of case markers for prediction in Turkish. Interpreting10.1075/intp.00085.ozk
     https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00085.ozk [Google Scholar]
  43. Pickering, M. J. & Gambi, C.
    (2018) Predicting while comprehending language: A theory and review. Psychological Bulletin144 (10), 1002–1044. 10.1037/bul0000158
     https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000158 [Google Scholar]
  44. Saslow, M. G.
    (1967) Latency for saccadic eye movement. Journal of the Optical Society of America57 (8), 1030–1033. 10.1364/JOSA.57.001030
     https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.57.001030 [Google Scholar]
  45. Seeber, K. G.
    (2001) Intonation and anticipation in simultaneous interpreting. Cahiers de Linguistique Française231, 61–97.
     [Google Scholar]
  46. Seleskovitch, D.
    (1984) Les anticipations de la compréhension. InD. Seleskovitch & M. Lederer (Eds.), Interpréter pour traduire. France: Didier Erudition, 273–283.
     [Google Scholar]
  47. Setton, R.
    (2002) Deconstructing SI: A contribution to the debate on component processes. The Interpretersʼ Newsletter111, 1–26.
     [Google Scholar]
  48. Setton, R. & Dawrant, A.
    (2016) Conference interpreting: A trainer’s guide. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/btl.121
     https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.121 [Google Scholar]
  49. Tzou, Y.-Z., Eslami, Z. R., Chen, H.-C. & Vaid, J.
    (2012) Effect of language proficiency and degree of formal training in simultaneous interpreting on working memory and interpreting performance: Evidence from Mandarin–English speakers. International Journal of Bilingualism16 (2), 213–227. 10.1177/1367006911403197
     https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006911403197 [Google Scholar]
  50. Van Berkum, J. J., Brown, C. M., Zwitserlood, P., Kooijman, V. & Hagoort, P.
    (2005) Anticipating upcoming words in discourse: Evidence from ERPs and reading times. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition31 (3), 443–467. 10.1037/0278‑7393.31.3.443
     https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.31.3.443 [Google Scholar]
  51. Van Besien, F.
    (1999) Anticipation in simultaneous interpretation. Meta44 (2), 250–259. 10.7202/004532ar
     https://doi.org/10.7202/004532ar [Google Scholar]
  52. Van de Putte, E., De Baene, W., García-Pentón, L., Woumans, E., Dijkgraaf, A. & Duyck, W.
    (2018) Anatomical and functional changes in the brain after simultaneous interpreting training: A longitudinal study. Cortex991, 243–257. 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.11.024
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.11.024 [Google Scholar]
  53. Vandepitte, S.
    (2001) Anticipation in conference interpreting: A cognitive process. Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses/Alicante Journal of English Studies141, 323–335. 10.14198/raei.2001.14.18
     https://doi.org/10.14198/raei.2001.14.18 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/intp.00093.amo
Loading
Student interpreters predict meaning while simultaneously interpreting - even before training
Interpreting 25, 211 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00093.amo
/content/journals/10.1075/intp.00093.amo
/content/journals/10.1075/intp.00093.amo
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): eye-tracking; longitudinal study; prediction; simultaneous interpreting

Most Cited

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error