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Volume 9, Issue 1
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Abstract

Abstract

Recent applications of phylogenetic methods to historical linguistics have been criticized for assuming a tree structure in which ancestral languages differentiate and split up into daughter languages, while language evolution is inherently non-tree-like (François 2014Blench 2015: 32–33). This article attempts to contribute to this debate by discussing the use of the multiple topologies method (Pagel & Meade 2006a) implemented in (Pagel & Meade 2004). This method is applied to lexical datasets from four different language families: Austronesian (Gray, Drummond & Greenhill 2009), Sinitic (Ben Hamed & Wang 2006), Indo-European (Bouckaert et al. 2012), and Japonic (Lee & Hasegawa 2011). Evidence for multiple topologies is found in all families except, surprisingly, Austronesian. It is suggested that reticulation may arise from a number of processes, including dialect chain break-up, borrowing (both shortly after language splits and later on), incomplete lineage sorting, and characteristics of lexical datasets. It is shown that the multiple topologies method is a useful tool to study the dynamics of language evolution.

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2019-07-02
2025-04-18

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Detecting non-tree-like signal using multiple tree topologies
Journal of Historical Linguistics 9, 9 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1075/jhl.17009.ver
/content/journals/10.1075/jhl.17009.ver
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): Austronesian; Bayesian phylogenetic inference; Indo-European; Japonic; language contact; reticulation; Sinitic

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