1887
Volume 21, Issue 2
  • ISSN 1566-5852
  • E-ISSN: 1569-9854
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Abstract

This study addresses the evolution of the Sicilian discourse marker to explore the concept of cyclicity in semantic–pragmatic change. Stemming from Latin (‘while, in the meantime’), the temporal conjunction develops – like its Romance cognates – an adversative function meaning ‘whereas’, which further evolves from an oppositional to a counter-expectational contrast value meaning ‘though’. The latter serves as a bridging context for the emergence of discourse-pragmatic uses and is examined below. evolves as discourse marker: formally, it gains greater syntactic and positional independence, and it increases in scope; functionally, it displays both textual and interpersonal values. In its overall path, shows a cyclical change in respect to the adversative function: oppositional contrast emerges out of the temporal meaning, it then develops into counter-expectation, and it eventually fades into the discourse-pragmatic values. The rise of as a discourse marker is thus interpreted as a case of cyclicity from a semasiological perspective.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/jhp.00043.sci
2021-03-03
2025-02-14
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Aijmer, Karin , Ad Foolen and Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen
    2006 “Pragmatic Markers in Translation: A Methodological Proposal”. In Kerstin Fischer (ed.), Approaches to Discourse Particles, 101–114. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Alfonzetti, Giovanna
    1998 “The Conversational Dimension in Code-switching between Italian and Dialect in Sicily”. In Peter Auer (ed.), Code-switching in Conversation: Language, Interaction and Identity, 180–214. London and New York: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Ariel, Mira
    2016 “Revisiting the Typology of Pragmatic Interpretations”. Intercultural Pragmatics13 (1): 1–35. 10.1515/ip‑2016‑0001
    https://doi.org/10.1515/ip-2016-0001 [Google Scholar]
  4. Assenza, Carmelo
    1970Canti popolari della Contea di Modica [‘Folk Poems from the County of Modica’]. Ragusa: Thompson.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. van der Auwera, Johan
    1998 “Phasal Adverbs in the Languages of Europe”. In Johan van der Auwera and Dónall P. Ó Baoill (eds), Adverbial Constructions in the Languages of Europe, 25–145. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110802610.25
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110802610.25 [Google Scholar]
  6. Beeching, Kate
    2016Pragmatic Markers in British English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9781139507110
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139507110 [Google Scholar]
  7. Beeching, Kate and Ulrich Detges
    (eds) 2014Discourse Functions at the Left and Right Periphery: Crosslinguistic Investigations of Language Use and Language Change. Leiden: Brill. 10.1163/9789004274822
    https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004274822 [Google Scholar]
  8. Berruto, Gaetano
    1989 “Main Topics and Findings in Italian Sociolinguistics”. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 1989 (76): 7–30.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Brinton, Laurel
    1996Pragmatic Markers in English: Grammaticalization and Discourse Function. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110907582
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110907582 [Google Scholar]
  10. Brown, Penelope and Stephen C. Levinson
    1987Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511813085
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813085 [Google Scholar]
  11. Consolino, Vincenzo
    1988Proverbi e modi dire vittoriesi [‘Proverbs and Sayings from Vittoria’]. Pisa: Giardini.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Corominas, Joan and José A. Pascual
    1997Diccionario crítico etimológico Castellano y Hispánico [‘Hispanic and Castilian Critical Etymological Dictionary’]. Madrid: Editorial Gredos.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Coseriu, Eugenio
    1980 “ ‘Historische Sprache’ und ‘Dialekt’ ” [‘“Historical Language” and “Dialect”’]. In Joachim Göschel , Pavle Ivić and Kurt Kehr (eds), Dialekt und Dialektologie: Ergebnisse des Internationales Symposion “Zur Theorie des Dialekts” [‘Dialect and Dialectology: Results from the International Symposium “On the Theory of Dialect”’], 106–122. Wiesbaden: Steiner.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Cuenca, Maria Josep
    1992–1993 “Sobre l’evolució dels nexes conjuntius en català” [‘On the evolution of the conjunctive nexuses in Catalan’]. Llengua and Literatura5: 173–213.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Dal Negro, Silvia and Alessandro Vietti
    2011 “Italian and Italo-Romance Dialects”. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2011 (210): 71–92.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. De Mauro, Tullio and Marco Mancini
    2000Dizionario etimologico [‘Etymological Dictionary’]. Milano: Garzanti.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Degand, Liesbeth , Bert Cornillie and Paola Pietrandrea
    (eds) 2013Discourse Markers and Modal Particles: Categorization and Description. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/pbns.234
    https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.234 [Google Scholar]
  18. Degand, Liesbeth and Jacqueline Evers-Vermeul
    2015 “Grammaticalization or Pragmaticalization of Discourse Markers? More than a Terminological Issue”. Journal of Historical Pragmatics16 (1): 59–85. 10.1075/jhp.16.1.03deg
    https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.16.1.03deg [Google Scholar]
  19. Detges, Ulrich and Richard Waltereit
    2016 “Grammaticalization and Pragmaticalization”. In Christoph Gabriel and Susann Fischer (eds), Manuals of Romance Linguistics: Grammatical Interfaces, 635–658. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110311860‑024
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110311860-024 [Google Scholar]
  20. Di Maria, Vincenzo
    1978Proverbi popolari posti in ottava rima da Catania, Rapisarda, Bondice e Perrotta [‘Folk Proverbs put in Octave Rhyme by Catania, Rapisarda, and Perrotta’]. Catania: Tringale.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Erman, Britt and Ulla-Britt Kotsinas
    1993 “Pragmaticalization: The Case of Ba and You know ”. Studier i modern sprakvetenskap10: 76–92.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Fischer, Kerstin
    2006a “Towards an Understanding of the Spectrum of Approaches to Discourse Particles: Introduction”. In Kerstin Fischer (ed.), Approaches to Discourse Particles, 1–20. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. 2006b “Frames, Constructions, and Invariant Meanings: The Functional Polysemy of Discourse Particles”. In Kerstin Fischer (ed.), Approaches to Discourse Particles, 427–448. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Foolen, Ad
    2011 “Pragmatics Markers in a Socio-pragmatic Perspective”. In Karin Aijmer and Gisle Andersen (eds), Handbooks of Pragmatics: Pragmatics of Society, 217–242. Berlin: De Gruyter.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Fraser, Bruce
    1988 “Types of English Discourse Markers”. Acta Linguistica Hungarica38 (1): 19–33.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Garofalo, Vincenzo
    2014Il dialetto di Rosolini. Saggio lessicale [‘The Dialect of Rosolini: A Lexical Essay’]. Roma: Youcanprint Self Publishing.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. von der Gabelentz, Georg
    1891Die Sprachwissenschaft. Ihre Aufgaben, Methoden und bisherigen Ergebnisse [‘Linguistics: Its Tasks, Methods, and Present Results’]. Leipzig: Weiger Nachfolger.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. van Gelderen, Elly
    2011The Linguistic Cycle. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199756056.001.0001
    https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199756056.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  29. 2016Cyclical Change Continued. Amsterdam: Benjamins. 10.1075/la.227
    https://doi.org/10.1075/la.227 [Google Scholar]
  30. Ghezzi, Chiara and Piera Molinelli
    2014 “Deverbal Pragmatic Markers from Latin to Italian (Lat. QUAESO and It. Prego): The Cyclic Nature of Functional Developments”. In Chiara Ghezzi and Piera Molinelli (eds), Discourse and Pragmatic Markers from Latin to the Romance Languages, 61–85. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199681600.003.0005
    https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199681600.003.0005 [Google Scholar]
  31. Givón, Talmy
    1971 “Historical Syntax and Synchronic Morphology: An Archaeologist’s Field Trip”. Chicago Linguistic Society Proceedings7: 394–415.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. 1979Understanding Grammar. New York: Academic Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Halliday, Michael A. K.
    1970 “Language Structure and Language Function”. In John Lyons (ed.), New Horizons in Linguistics, 140–165. London: Penguin.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Hansen, Maj-Britt Mosegaard
    2008Particles at the Semantics/Pragmatics Interface: Synchronic and Diachronic Issues. A Study with Special Reference to the French Phasal Adverbs. Oxford: Elsevier/Emerald.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. 2009 “The Grammaticalization of Negative Reinforcers in Old and Middle French: A Discourse–Functional Approach”. In Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen and Jacqueline Visconti (eds), Current Trends in Diachronic Semantics and Pragmatics, 227–251. Leiden: Brill. 10.1163/9789004253216_013
    https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004253216_013 [Google Scholar]
  36. 2014 “Cyclicity in Semantic/Pragmatic Change: The Medieval Particle Ja between Latin IAM and Modern French Déjà ”. In Chiara Ghezzi and Piera Molinelli (eds), Discourse and Pragmatic Markers from Latin to the Romance Languages, 139–165. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199681600.003.0008
    https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199681600.003.0008 [Google Scholar]
  37. 2018 “Cyclic Phenomena in the Evolution of Pragmatic Markers: Examples from Romance”. In Salvador Pons Bordería and Óscar Loureda Lamas (eds), Beyond Grammaticalization and Discourse Markers: New Issues in the Study of Language Change, 51–77. Leiden: Brill. 10.1163/9789004375420_004
    https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004375420_004 [Google Scholar]
  38. Hansen, Maj-Britt Mosegaard and Richard Waltereit
    2006 “GCI Theory and Language Change”. Acta Lingvistica Hafniensia38 (1): 235–268. 10.1080/03740463.2006.10412210
    https://doi.org/10.1080/03740463.2006.10412210 [Google Scholar]
  39. Haspelmath, Martin
    2018 “Revisiting the Anasynthetic Spiral”. In Bernd Heine and Heiko Narrog (eds), Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective, 97–115. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0006
    https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0006 [Google Scholar]
  40. Heine, Bernd
    2002 “On the Role of Context in Grammaticalization”. In Ilse Wischer and Gabriele Diewald (eds), New Reflections on Grammaticalization, 83–102. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/tsl.49.08hei
    https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.49.08hei [Google Scholar]
  41. 2013 “On Discourse Markers: Grammaticalization, Pragmaticalization, or Something Else?”. Linguistics51 (6): 1205–1247. 10.1515/ling‑2013‑0048
    https://doi.org/10.1515/ling-2013-0048 [Google Scholar]
  42. Heine, Bernd , Ulrike Claudi and Friederike Hünnemeyer
    1991Grammaticalization: A Conceptual Framework. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Heine, Bernd and Tania Kuteva
    2002World Lexicon of Grammaticalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511613463
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511613463 [Google Scholar]
  44. Hopper, Paul
    1991On Some Principles of Grammaticalization. In Elizabeth C. Traugott and Bernd Heine (eds), Approaches to Grammaticalization, 17–35. (Volume1.) Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/tsl.19.1.04hop
    https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.19.1.04hop [Google Scholar]
  45. Jespersen, Otto
    1917Negation in English and Other Languages. Copenhagen: Høst and Søn.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Kaltenböck, Gunther , Bernd Heine and Tania Kuteva
    2011 “On Thetical Grammar”. Studies in Language35 (4): 848–893. 10.1075/sl.35.4.03kal
    https://doi.org/10.1075/sl.35.4.03kal [Google Scholar]
  47. Kaltenböck, Gunther , Evelien Keizer and Arne Lohmann
    2016 “Extra-clausal Constituents: An Overview”. In Gunther Kaltenböck , Evelien Keizer and Arne Lohmann (eds), Outside the Clause: Form and Function of Extra-clausal Constituents, 1–26. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/slcs.178.01kal
    https://doi.org/10.1075/slcs.178.01kal [Google Scholar]
  48. Kloss, Heinz
    1967 “‘Abstand Languages’ and ‘Ausbau Languages’”. Anthropological Linguistics9 (7): 29–41.
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Matranga, Vito
    2007Trascrivere. La rappresentazione del parlato nell’esperienza dell’Atlante Linguistico della Sicilia [‘Transcribing: The Representation of Speech in the Experience of the Linguistic Atlas of Sicily’]. Palermo: Centro di Studi Filologici e Linguistici Siciliani.
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Matranga, Vito and Roberto Sottile
    2013 “La variazione dialettale nello spazio geografico” [‘Dialect Variation in Geographical Space’]. In Giovanni Ruffino (ed.), Lingue e culture in Sicilia [‘Languages and Cultures in Sicily’], 215–274. Palermo: Centro di Studi Filologici e Linguistici Siciliani.
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Matras, Yaron
    2009Language Contact. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511809873
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511809873 [Google Scholar]
  52. Mauri, Caterina and Anna Giacalone Ramat
    2012 “The Development of Adversative Connectives: Stages and Factors at Play”. Linguistics50 (2): 191–239. 10.1515/ling‑2012‑0008
    https://doi.org/10.1515/ling-2012-0008 [Google Scholar]
  53. Meillet, Antoine
    1921 [1912] “L’évolution des formes gramaticales” [‘The Evolution of Grammatical Forms’]. In Antoine Meillet (ed.), Linguistique historique et linguistic general [‘Historical Linguistics and General Linguistics’], 130–148. Paris: Champion.
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Narrog, Heiko
    2015 “(Inter)subjectification and Its Limits in Secondary Grammaticalization”. Language Sciences47 (Part B): 148–160. 10.1016/j.langsci.2014.07.010
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2014.07.010 [Google Scholar]
  55. Onodera, Noriko O. and Elizabeth C. Traugott
    2016 “Periphery: Diachronic and Cross-linguistic Approaches. Introduction”. Journal of Historical Pragmatics17 (2): 163–177. 10.1075/jhp.17.2.01ono
    https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.17.2.01ono [Google Scholar]
  56. Pagano, Mario , Salvatore Arcidiacono and Ferdinando Raffaele
    2018Corpus Artesia. Archivio testuale del siciliano antico [‘Artesia Corpus: Textual Archive of Ancient Sicilian’]. Università di Catania: Centro di Studi Filologici e Linguistici Siciliani. Available online at: artesia.ovi.cnr.it (last updated27 December 2018and last accessed25 February 2020).
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Pasqualino, Michele
    1789Vocabolario siciliano etimologico, italiano e latino [‘Etymological Sicilian dictionary, Italian and Latin’]. (Volume3.) Palermo: Reale Stamperia.
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Pitrè, Giuseppe
    1870Canti popolari siciliani [‘Sicilian Folk Poems’]. (Volume1.) Palermo: Pedone Lauriel.
    [Google Scholar]
  59. 1875Fiabe novelle e racconti popolari siciliani [‘Sicilian Fairy Tales, Novellas, and Folk Tales’]. (Volume1.) Palermo: Pedone Lauriel.
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Pons Bordería, Salvador and Maria Estellés Arguedas
    2009 “Expressing Digression Linguistically: Do Digressive Markers Exist?”. Journal of Pragmatics41 (5): 921–936. 10.1016/j.pragma.2008.08.011
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2008.08.011 [Google Scholar]
  61. Salameh Jiménez, Shima , María Estellés Arguedas and Salvador Pons Bordería
    2018 “Beyond the Notion of Periphery: An Account of Polyfunctional Discourse Markers within the Val.Es.Co. Model of Discourse Segmentation”. In Kate Beeching , Chiara Ghezzi and Piera Molinelli (eds), Positioning the Self and Others: Linguistic Traces, 106–125. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/pbns.292.05sal
    https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.292.05sal [Google Scholar]
  62. Schiffrin, Deborah
    1987Discourse Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511611841
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511611841 [Google Scholar]
  63. Sweetser, Eve E.
    1990From Etymology to Pragmatics: Metaphorical and Cultural Aspects of Semantic Structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511620904
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511620904 [Google Scholar]
  64. Traina, Antonino
    1868Nuovo vocabolario siciliano-italiano [‘New Sicilian–Italian Dictionary’]. Palermo: Pedone Lauriel.
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Traugott, Elizabeth C.
    1986 “From Polysemy to Internal Semantic Reconstruction”. Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 539–550. Available online at: https://journals.linguisticsociety.org/proceedings/index.php/BLS/issue/view/67
    [Google Scholar]
  66. 1999 “The Rhetoric of Counter-expectation in Semantic Change: A Study in Subjectification”. In Andreas Blank and Peter Koch (eds), Historical Semantics and Cognition, 177–196. Berlin and New York: de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110804195.177
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110804195.177 [Google Scholar]
  67. 2010 “(Inter)subjectivity and (Inter)subjectification: A Reassessment”. In Kristine Davidse , Lieven Vandelanotte and Hubert Cuyckens (eds), Subjectification, Intersubjectification and Grammaticalization, 29–71. Berlin and New York: de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110226102.1.29
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110226102.1.29 [Google Scholar]
  68. 2018 “Rethinking the Role of Invited Inferencing in Change from the Perspective of Interactional Texts”. Open Linguistics4 (1): 19–34. 10.1515/opli‑2018‑0002
    https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2018-0002 [Google Scholar]
  69. Traugott, Elizabeth C. and Richard B. Dasher
    2002Regularity in Semantic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  70. Traugott, Elizabeth C. and Ekkehard König
    1991 “The Semantics–Pragmatics of Grammaticalization Revisited”. In Elizabeth C. Traugott and Bernd Heine (eds), Approaches to Grammaticalization, 189–218. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 10.1075/tsl.19.1.10clo
    https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.19.1.10clo [Google Scholar]
  71. VS = Piccitto, Giorgio , Giovanni Tropea and Salvatore C. Trovato
    1977–2002Vocabolario siciliano. Catania/Palermo: Centro di Studi Filologici e Linguistici Siciliani.
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Wheeler, Max , Alan Yates and Nicolau Dols
    1999Catalan: A Comprehensive Grammar. London and New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9780203300275
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203300275 [Google Scholar]
  73. Zwicky, Arnold M.
    1985 “Clitics and Particles”. Language61 (2): 283–305. 10.2307/414146
    https://doi.org/10.2307/414146 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/jhp.00043.sci
Loading
/content/journals/10.1075/jhp.00043.sci
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): cyclicity; discourse markers; semasiology; Sicilian
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error