1887
Volume 17, Issue 5
  • ISSN 1569-2159
  • E-ISSN: 1569-9862
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Abstract

Boosting national spirit through projection of otherness is not a new phenomenon, at least in authoritarian regimes. Yet the role of anti-Semitism in the Numerus Clausus debates in the Hungarian parliament in 1920 and 1928 is worth deeper analysis, as it bore a peculiar role in the Hungarian interwar counterrevolutionary nation-building. The Numerus Clausus law of 1920 set ethnic quotas to university enrolment; the explicit argument for this was countering the Jewish ‘over-representation’ in Hungarian society. However, in 1928 the law was amended, abolishing (in principle) the said quotas; this time the arguments favoured national consolidation, where segregation was to be moderated. In both cases, the national elites construed and made use of nation-centred political rhetoric, but used it for differing ends in different times. This article shall analyse the debates of the Hungarian Parliament concerning the Numerus Clausus laws, especially from the viewpoints of nation-building and rhetoric of exclusion.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/jlp.18011.hak
2018-08-14
2023-10-01
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. BBC
    BBC 2017 “Hungary passes bill targeting Central European University.” BBC News, April4 2017 www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39493758/.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bodo, Béla
    2010 “Hungarian Aristocracy and the White Terror.” Journal of Contemporary History45 (4): 703–724.10.1177/0022009410375255
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0022009410375255 [Google Scholar]
  3. Czenkli, Dorka
    2014 “Áll a szobor, csorog a tojás – Jelentés a Szabadság térről.” Magyar Narancs Online, July20 2014 magyarnarancs.hu/belpol/szabadsag-ter-megszallasi-emlekmu-felallitva-tuntetes-90999/.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Gajdics, Ottó
    2017 “Botka bontást is vállal.” Magyar Idők, May27 2017 magyaridok.hu/ahelyzet/botka-bontast-vallal-1752442/.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Halmesvirta, Anssi
    2013 “Unkarin äärioikeistoliikkeet 1930-luvulla.” Historiallinen aikakauskirja111 (3): 354–359.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Hanebrink, Paul A.
    2006In Defence of Christian Hungary. Religion, Nationalism and Antisemitism, 1890–1944. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Holocaust Memorial Year
    Holocaust Memorial Year 2014 “Holocaust in Hungary.” holocaustmemorialyear2014.gov.hu/holocaust-in-hungary/.
  8. Hubai, László
    2001Magyarország XX. századi választási atlasza, 1920–2000 (I). Budapest: Napvilág Kiadó.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Häkkinen, Teemu
    2014 “The Royal Prerogative Redefined: Parliamentary Debate on the Role of the British Parliament in Large-scale Military Deployments, 1982–2003.” Jyväskylä Studies in Humanitiesvol.224. PhD diss., University of Jyväskylä.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Ihalainen, Pasi
    2016 “European Parliamentary Experiences from a Conceptual Historical Perspective.” InParliament and Parliamentarism: A Comparative History of a European Concept, edited byPasi Ihalainen, Cornelia Ilie and Kari Palonen, 19–31. New York: Berghahn.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Ilie, Cornelia
    2016 “Parliamentary Discourse and Deliberative Rhetoric.” InParliament and Parliamentarism: A Comparative History of a European Concept, edited byPasi Ihalainen, Cornelia Ilie and Kari Palonen, 133–145. New York: Berghahn.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Kaarkoski, Miina
    2016 “‘Energiemix’ versus ‘Energiewende’: Competing Conceptualisations of Nuclear Energy Policy in the German Parliamentary Debates of 1991–2001.” Jyväskylä Studies in Humanitiesvol.290. PhD diss., University of Jyväskylä.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Karady, Victor, and Peter Tibor Nagy
    eds. 2012The Numerus Clausus in Hungary. Studies on the First Anti-Jewish Law and Academic Anti-Semitism in Modern Central Europe. Budapest: Central European University. mek.oszk.hu/11100/11109/11109.pdf.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kontler, László
    1999Millennium in Central Europe. A History of Hungary. Budapest: Atlantisz Publishing House.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Kovács, Mária M.
    2012 “The Hungarian Numerus Clausus: Ideology, Apology and History, 1919–1945.” InThe Numerus Clausus in Hungary. Studies on the First Anti-Jewish Law and Academic Anti-Semitism in Modern Central Europe, edited byVictor Karady and Peter Tibor Nagy, 27–55. Budapest: Central European University. mek.oszk.hu/11100/11109/11109.pdf.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kovács, Zoltán
    2017 “Myths and Facts about Hungary and George Soros (Part 2).” About Hungary, May30 2017 abouthungary.hu/blog/myths-and-facts-hungary-and-george-soros-part2/.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. KSH
    KSH 2011 “2011 évi népszámlalás, Demográfiai adatok.” Központi sztatiztikai hivatál. www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas/demografiai_adatok_sb/.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Ladányi, Andor
    2012 “On the 1928 Amendment to the Hungarian Numerus Clausus Act.” InThe Numerus Clausus in Hungary. Studies on the First Anti-Jewish Law and Academic Anti-Semitism in Modern Central Europe, edited byVictor Karady and Peter Tibor Nagy, 69–111. Budapest: Central European University. mek.oszk.hu/11100/11109/11109.pdf.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Magyar Idők
    Magyar Idők 2017a “Deutsch Tamás: Soros indított hadjáratot a magyar kormány ellen, nem fordítva.” Magyar Idők, May29 2017 magyaridok.hu/belfold/deutsch-tamas-soros-inditott-hadjaratot-a-magyar-kormany-ellen-nem-forditva-1761673/.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Magyar Idők
    Magyar Idők 2017b “Fidesz: Újabb nyomásgyakorolás a mai tüntetés.” Magyar Idők, May29 2017 magyaridok.hu/belfold/fidesz-ujabb-nyomasgyakorlas-mai-tuntetes-1762852/.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mazsihisz
    Mazsihisz 2017 “Magyarországon nem bűn sem zsidónak, sem cionistának lenni.” May25 2017 www.mazsihisz.hu/2017/05/25/magyarorszagon-nem-bun-sem-zsidonak,-sem-cionistanak-lenni-10549.html/.
  22. Orbán, Viktor
    2014a “Orbán Viktor beszéde a miniszterelnöki eskütételét követően.” May10 2014 2010-2015.miniszterelnok.hu/beszed/orban_viktor_beszede_a_miniszterelnoki_eskutetelet_kovetoen/.
  23. 2014b “Orbán Viktor beszéde a XXV. Bálványosi Nyári Szabadegyetem és Diáktáborban.” June26 2014 www.kormany.hu/hu/a-miniszterelnok/beszedek-publikaciok-interjuk/a-munkaalapu-allam-korszaka-kovetkezik/.
  24. Paksa, Rudolf
    2013Magyar nemzetisocialisták. Budapest: Osiris Kiadó.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Paxton, Robert O., and Julie Hessler
    2012Europe in the Twentieth Century. Fifth Edition. Boston: Wadsworth.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Püski, Levente
    2006A Horthy-rendszer. Budapest: Pannonica Kiadó.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Ripp, Zoltán
    2010 “Egy szürke eminenciás színeváltozásai.” Mozgó Világ Online, January 2010 epa.oszk.hu/01300/01326/00111/MV_EPA01326_2010_01_10.htm.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Romsics, Ignác
    1999Hungary in the Twentieth Century. Translated byTim Wilkinson. Budapest: Corvina.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. 2001 “Bevezetés. A történetírás objektivitásának mítoszáról és a múlt tmitizálásának elfogafhatatlanságáról.” InMítoszok, legendák, tévhitek a 20. századi magyar történelemről, edited byIgnác Romsics, 7–27. Budapest: Osiris Kiadó.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Sakmyster, Thomas L.
    1994Hungary’s Admiral on Horseback. Miklós Horthy, 1920–1944. New York: Columbia University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Skinner, Quentin
    1999 “Rhetoric and Conceptual Change.” Finnish Yearbook of Political ThoughtVol.3: 60–73.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Turbucz, Dávid
    2011Horthy Miklós. Budapest: Napvilág Kiadó.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Ungváry, Krisztián
    2013A Horthy-rendszer mérlege. Diszkrimináció, szociálpolitika és antiszemitizmus Magyarországon. Budapest: Jelenkór Kiadó.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Zeidler, Miklós
    2007Ideas on Territorial Revision in Hungary, 1920–1945. Translated byThomas, J. and Helen DeKornfeld. Boulder, CO: Social Science Monographs.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1075/jlp.18011.hak
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): 1920s; anti-Semitism; Hungary; nation-building; political culture; political rhetoric
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error