Queer immigrants’ performative identity and cultural marginality in the context of queering ESL education

References

1. Accapadi, Mamta M.
   2012 Asian American identity consciousness: A polycultural model. InAsian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Higher Education, Doris Ching & Amefil Agbayani (eds), 57–93. Washington: NASPA.
   [Google Scholar]
2. Arabski, Janusz & Wojtaszek, Adam
   2011 Aspects of Culture in Second Language Acquisition and Foreign Language Learning. Berlin: Springer. 10.1007/978‑3‑642‑20201‑8
   https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20201-8 [Google Scholar]
3. Arnett, Jeffrey J.
   2002 The psychology of globalization. American Psychologist57(10): 774–783. 10.1037/0003‑066X.57.10.774
   https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.57.10.774 [Google Scholar]
4. Banegas, Dario L. & Govender, Navan
   2022 Gender Diversity and Sexuality in English Language Education: New Transnational Voices. New York: Bloomsbury Academic. 10.5040/9781350217591
   https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350217591 [Google Scholar]
5. Barnard, Ian
   1994 Anti-homophobic pedagogy: Some suggestions for teachers. The Radical Teacher451: 26–28.
   [Google Scholar]
6. Bates, Elizabeth, Devescovi, Antonella & Wulfeck, Beverly
   2001 Psycholinguistics: A cross-language perspective. Annual Review of Psychology52(1): 369–396. 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.369
   https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.369 [Google Scholar]
7. Bauman, Zygmunt, Portera, Agostino & Mazzeo, Riccardo
   2022 Education and Intercultural Identity: A Dialogue between Zygmunt Bauman and Agostino Portera. New York: Routledge.
   [Google Scholar]
8. Berger, Peter L. & Huntington, Samuel P.
   (eds) 2002 Many Globalizations: Cultural Diversity in the Contemporary World. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/0195151461.001.0001
   https://doi.org/10.1093/0195151461.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
9. Bialystok, Ellen
   2017 The bilingual adaptation: How minds accommodate experience. Psychological Bulletin143(3): 233–262. 10.1037/bul0000099
   https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000099 [Google Scholar]
10. Biesta, Gert
    2008 Good education in an age of measurement: On the need to reconnect with the question of purpose in education. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability21(1): 33–46. 10.1007/s11092‑008‑9064‑9
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-008-9064-9 [Google Scholar]
11. Blackburn, Mollie
    2022 Moving Across Differences: How Students Engage LGBTQ+ Themes in a High-School Literature Class. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
    [Google Scholar]
12. Boulden, Walter T.
    2009 Gay Hmong: A multifaceted clash of cultures. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services211: 134–150. 10.1080/10538720902771917
    https://doi.org/10.1080/10538720902771917 [Google Scholar]
13. Bucholtz, Mary & Hall, Kira
    2004 Theorizing identity in language and sexuality research. Language in Society33(4): 469–515. 10.1017/S0047404504334020
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404504334020 [Google Scholar]
14. Butler, Judith
    1990 Performative acts and gender constitution. InPerforming Feminisms: Feminist Critical Theory and Theatre, Sue-Ellen Case (ed), 270–282. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
15. Butler, Judith
    1999 Performativity’s social magic. InBourdieu: A Critical Reader, Richard Shusterman (ed), 113–128. Oxford: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
16. Cameron, Deborah
    2014 Gender and language ideologies. InThe Handbook of Language, Gender, and Sexuality, Janet Holmes & Miriam Meyerhoff (eds), 447–467. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. 10.1002/9781118584248.ch14
    https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118584248.ch14 [Google Scholar]
17. Cameron, Deborah & Kulick, Don
    2003 Language and Sexuality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511791178
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511791178 [Google Scholar]
18. Charmaz, Kathy
    2014 Constructing Grounded Theory. New York: Sage.
    [Google Scholar]
19. Chen, Sylvia Xiaohua, Benet-Martínez, Verónica & Bond, Michael Harris
    2008 Bicultural identity, bilingualism, and psychological adjustment in multicultural societies: immigration-based and globalization-based acculturation. Journal of Personality76(4): 803–838. 10.1111/j.1467‑6494.2008.00505.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00505.x [Google Scholar]
20. Chopra, Sapna B.
    2021 Healing from internalized racism for Asian Americans. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice52(5): 503–512. 10.1037/pro0000407
    https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000407 [Google Scholar]
21. Collins, Patricia Hill & Bilge, Sirma
    2020 Intersectionality. Cambridge: Polity.
    [Google Scholar]
22. Cook, Vivian
    2001 Using the first language in the classroom. Canadian Modern Language Review57(3): 402–423. 10.3138/cmlr.57.3.402
    https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.57.3.402 [Google Scholar]
23. Council of Europe. Council for Cultural Co-operation. Education Committee. Modern Languages Division
    Council of Europe. Council for Cultural Co-operation. Education Committee. Modern Languages Division 2001 Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
24. Creswell, John W.
    1999 Mixed-method research: Introduction and application. InHandbook of Educational Policy, Gerad A. Postiglione, Christopher J. Johnstone & Wesley R. Teter (eds), 455–472. Cambridge: Academic Press. 10.1016/B978‑012174698‑8/50045‑X
    https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012174698-8/50045-X [Google Scholar]
25. Creswell, John W.
    2013 Steps in conducting a scholarly mixed methods study. University of Nebraska Discipline-Based Education Research Group https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1047&context=dberspeakers (November 14, 2013)
    [Google Scholar]
26. Cross, Patricia K.
    1999 What do we know about students’ learning and how do we know it?Innovative Higher Education23(4): 255–270. 10.1023/A:1022930922969
    https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022930922969 [Google Scholar]
27. Cummins, Jim, Bismilla, Vicki, Chow, Patrica, Cohen, Sarah, Giampapa, Frances, Leoni, Lisa, Sandhu, Perminder & Sastri, Padma
    2005 Affirming identity in multilingual classrooms. Educational Leadership631: 38–43.
    [Google Scholar]
28. Curran, Greg
    2006 Responding to students’ normative questions about gays: Putting queer theory into practice in an Australian ESL class. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education5(1): 85–96. 10.1207/s15327701jlie0501_6
    https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327701jlie0501_6 [Google Scholar]
29. Davies, Bronwyn & Harré, Rom
    1990 Positioning: The discursive production of selves. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour20(1): 43–63. 10.1111/j.1468‑5914.1990.tb00174.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.1990.tb00174.x [Google Scholar]
30. De Costa, Peter I.
    2011 Using language ideology and positioning to broaden the SLA learner beliefs landscape: The case of an ESL learner from China. System39(3): 347–358. 10.1016/j.system.2011.07.007
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2011.07.007 [Google Scholar]
31. De Vincenti, Gloria, Giovanangeli, Angela & Ward, Rowena
    2007 The queer stopover: How queer travels in the language classroom. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching4(1): 58–72
    [Google Scholar]
32. Douglas, Scott R. & Rosvold, Mark
    2018 Intercultural communicative competence and English for academic purposes: A synthesis review of the scholarly literature. Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics21(1): 23–42. 10.7202/1050809ar
    https://doi.org/10.7202/1050809ar [Google Scholar]
33. Ellwood, Constance
    2006 On coming out and coming undone: Sexualities and reflexivities in language education research. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education51: 67–84. 10.1207/s15327701jlie0501_5
    https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327701jlie0501_5 [Google Scholar]
34. Fishman, Joshua A.
    1973 Language and Nationalism; Two Integrative Essays. New York: Newbury House Publishers.
    [Google Scholar]
35. Foucault, Michel
    1995 Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Vintage.
    [Google Scholar]
36. Garcia, Lorena & Fields, Jessica
    2017 Renewed commitments in a time of vigilance: Sexuality education in the USA. Sex Education: Sexuality, Society and Learning17(4): 1–11. 10.1080/14681811.2017.1285387
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2017.1285387 [Google Scholar]
37. Gartner, Alan & Lipsky, Dorothy K.
    1987 Beyond special education: Toward a quality system for all students. Harvard Educational Review57(4): 367–396. 10.17763/haer.57.4.kj517305m7761218
    https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.57.4.kj517305m7761218 [Google Scholar]
38. Gee, James P.
    1999 An Introduction to Discourse Analysis: Theory & Method. New York: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
39. Geeslin, Kimberly L. & Long, Avizia Y.
    2014 Sociolinguistics and Second Language Acquisition: Learning to Use Language in Context. New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9780203117835
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203117835 [Google Scholar]
40. Goffman, Erving
    1988 Gender Advertisements. New York: Harper Collins.
    [Google Scholar]
41. Greenblatt, Stephen, Županov, Ines, Meyer-Kalkus, Reinhard, Paul, Heike, Nyíri, Pál & Pannewick, Frederike
    2009 Cultural Mobility: A Manifesto. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511804663
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511804663 [Google Scholar]
42. Grotevant, Harold D.
    1993 The integrative nature of identity: Bridging the soloists to sing in the choir. InDiscussions on Ego Identity, Jane Kroger (ed), 121–146. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    [Google Scholar]
43. Halperin, David M.
    2003 The normalization of queer theory. Journal of Homosexuality45(2–4): 339–343. 10.1300/J082v45n02_17
    https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v45n02_17 [Google Scholar]
44. Han, Chong-suk
    2006 Geisha of a different kind: Gay Asian men and the gendering of sexual identity. Sexuality and Culture10(3): 3–28. 10.1007/s12119‑006‑1018‑0
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-006-1018-0 [Google Scholar]
45. Harré, Rom & Van Langenhove, Luk
    1999 Positioning Theory: Moral Contexts of Intentional Action. New York: Oxford: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
46. Hawley, John C.
    2001 Postcolonial, Queer: Theoretical Intersections. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
47. Holliday, Adrian
    2004 Issues in validity in progressive paradigms of qualitative research. TESOL Quarterly38(4): 731–734. 10.2307/3588292
    https://doi.org/10.2307/3588292 [Google Scholar]
48. Holmes, Janet
    2007 Social constructionism, postmodernism and feminist sociolinguistics. Gender and Language1(1): 51–65. 10.1558/genl.2007.1.1.51
    https://doi.org/10.1558/genl.2007.1.1.51 [Google Scholar]
49. Holmes, Janet
    2017 An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9781315728438
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315728438 [Google Scholar]
50. Howatt, Anthony P. R.
    1984 A History of English Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
51. Hu, Xiaowen & Wang, Ying
    2013 LGB identity among young Chinese: The influence of traditional culture. Journal of Homosexuality60(5): 667–684. 10.1080/00918369.2013.773815
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2013.773815 [Google Scholar]
52. Jacoby, Tamar
    2004 Reinventing the Melting Pot: The New Immigrants and What it Means to Be American. New York: Basic Books.
    [Google Scholar]
53. Jaffe, Alexandra
    2009 The production and reproduction of language ideologies in practice. InThe New Sociolinguistics Reader, Nikolas Coupland & Adam Jaworski (eds), 390–404. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. 10.1007/978‑1‑349‑92299‑4_28
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-92299-4_28 [Google Scholar]
54. Kao, Ying-Chao
    2021 The coloniality of queer theory: The effects of “homonormativity” on transnational Taiwan’s path to equality. Sexualities27(1–2): 1–17.
    [Google Scholar]
55. Kim, Jean
    2012 Asian American identity development theory. InNew Perspectives on Racial Identity Development: A Theoretical and Practical Anthology, Charmain L. Wijeyesinghe & Bailey W. Jackson (eds), 67–90. New York: New York University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
56. Kim, Young-Yun
    2000 Becoming Intercultural: An Integrative Theory of Communication and Cross-Cultural Adaptation. New York: Sage.
    [Google Scholar]
57. Knox, Liam
    2019 Texas judge who refused to marry gay couples sues commission that sanctioned her. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/texas-judge-who-refused-marry-gay-couples-sues-commission-sanctioned-n1104471 (December 19, 2019)
    [Google Scholar]
58. Kong, Travis S. K., Mahoney, Dan & Plummer, Ken
    2003 Queering the interview. InInside Interviewing: New Lenses, New Concerns, James Holstein & Jaber F. Gubrium (eds), 91–110. New York: Sage.
    [Google Scholar]
59. Kosciw, Joseph G., Clark, Caitlin M., Truong, Nhan L. & Zongrone, Adrian D.
    2019 The 2017 national school climate survey: The experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer youth in our nation’s schools. Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED590243 (November 30, 2019)
    [Google Scholar]
60. Kroll, Judith F., Bobb, Susan C. & Hoshino, Noriko
    2014 Two languages in mind. Current Directions in Psychological Science23(3): 159–163. 10.1177/0963721414528511
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414528511 [Google Scholar]
61. Kumagai, Arno K. & Lypson, Monica L.
    2009 Beyond cultural competence: Critical consciousness, social justice, and multicultural education. Academic Medicine84(6): 782–787. 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181a42398
    https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181a42398 [Google Scholar]
62. Kuo, Yeh-Chen
    2015 The practice of gender equity education in Taiwan. Journal of Modern Review5(9): 854–860
    [Google Scholar]
63. Labov, William
    1966 The Social Stratification of English in New York City. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
64. Lane, Silvia T. M.
    1999 Ideology and consciousness. Theory & Psychology9(3): 367–378. 10.1177/0959354399093006
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354399093006 [Google Scholar]
65. Lee, Po-han
    2016 LGBT rights versus Asian values: De/re-constructing the universality of human rights. International Journal of Human Rights20(7): 978–992. 10.1080/13642987.2016.1192537
    https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2016.1192537 [Google Scholar]
66. Lowe, Lisa
    2019 Immigrant acts. InIntersectionality: A Foundations and Frontiers Reader, Patrick R. Grzanka (ed), 10–18. New York: Routledge
    [Google Scholar]
67. Luo, Xiangyi & Wei, Rining
    2021 Is multilingualism linked to a higher tolerance of homosexuality? Evidence from a national survey. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development45(4): 1–13.
    [Google Scholar]
68. Macedo, Donaldo
    2000 The colonialism of the English only movement. Educational Researcher29(3): 15–24. 10.2307/1176913
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1176913 [Google Scholar]
69. Markus, Hazel R. & Kitayama, Shinobu
    2010 Cultures and selves. Perspectives on Psychological Science5(4): 420–430. 10.1177/1745691610375557
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610375557 [Google Scholar]
70. Martin, Judith N. & Nakayama, Thomas K.
    1999 Thinking dialectically about culture and communication. Communication Theory9(1): 1–25. 10.1111/j.1468‑2885.1999.tb00160.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.1999.tb00160.x [Google Scholar]
71. McGroarty, Mary E.
    2010 Language and ideologies. InSociolinguistics and Language Education, Nancy H. Hornberger & Sandra L. McKay (eds), 3–39. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. 10.21832/9781847692849‑003
    https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847692849-003 [Google Scholar]
72. Miller, Elizabeth R.
    2012 Performativity theory and language learning: Sedimenting, appropriating, and constituting language and subjectivity. Linguistics and Education23(1): 88–99. 10.1016/j.linged.2011.02.010
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.linged.2011.02.010 [Google Scholar]
73. Milroy, James
    2001 Language ideologies and the consequences of standardization. Journal of Sociolinguistics5(4): 530–555. 10.1111/1467‑9481.00163
    https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9481.00163 [Google Scholar]
74. Moore, Ashley R.
    2020 Understanding heteronormativity in ELT textbooks: A practical taxonomy. ELT Journal74(2): 116–125. 10.1093/elt/ccz058
    https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccz058 [Google Scholar]
75. Naples, Nancy A.
    2009 Teaching intersectionality. International Feminist Journal of Politics11(4): 566–577. 10.1080/14616740903237558
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14616740903237558 [Google Scholar]
76. Nelson, Cynthia D.
    2006 Queer inquiry in language education. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education5(1): 1–9. 10.1207/s15327701jlie0501_1
    https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327701jlie0501_1 [Google Scholar]
77. Nelson, Cynthia D.
    2008 Sexual Identities in English Language Education. New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9780203891544
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203891544 [Google Scholar]
78. Nelson, Cynthia D.
    2012 Emerging queer epistemologies in studies of ‘gay’-student discourses. Journal of Language and Sexuality1(1): 79–105. 10.1075/jls.1.1.05nel
    https://doi.org/10.1075/jls.1.1.05nel [Google Scholar]
79. Nguyen, Tam & Angelique, Holly
    2017 Internalized homonegativity, Confucianism, and self-esteem at the emergence of an LGBTQ identity in modern Vietnam. Journal of Homosexuality64(12): 1617–1631. 10.1080/00918369.2017.1345231
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2017.1345231 [Google Scholar]
80. Norton, Bonny
    2000 Identity and Language Learning: Gender, Ethnicity and Educational Change. Harlow: Longman.
    [Google Scholar]
81. Norton, Bonny
    2013 Identity and Language Learning: Extending the Conversation. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. 10.21832/9781783090563
    https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783090563 [Google Scholar]
82. Osajima, Keith
    1993 The hidden injuries of race. InBearing Dreams, Shaping Visions: Asian Pacific American Perspectives, Linda A. Revilla, Gail M. Nomura, Shawn Wong & Shirley Hune (eds), 81–91. Pullman: Washington State University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
83. Paiz, Joshua M.
    2017 Queering ESL teaching: Pedagogical and materials creation issues. TESOL Journal9(2): 348–367. 10.1002/tesj.329
    https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.329 [Google Scholar]
84. Paiz, Joshua M.
    2020 Queering the English Language Classroom: A Practical Guide for Teachers. Bristol: Equinox Publishing.
    [Google Scholar]
85. Palczewski, Catherine H., McGeough, Danielle & DeFrancisco, Victoria P.
    2022 Gender in Communication: A Critical Introduction. New York: Sage
    [Google Scholar]
86. Palmer, Deborah K., Cervantes-Soon, Claudia, Dorner, Lisa & Heiman, Daniel
    2019 Bilingualism, biliteracy, biculturalism, and critical consciousness for all: Proposing a fourth fundamental goal for two-way dual language education. Theory Into Practice58(2): 121–133. 10.1080/00405841.2019.1569376
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2019.1569376 [Google Scholar]
87. Pavlenko, Aneta
    2006 We have room for but one language here: Language and national identity in the U.S. at the turn of the 20th century. Multilingua – Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication211: 163–196. 10.1515/mult.2002.008
    https://doi.org/10.1515/mult.2002.008 [Google Scholar]
88. Pennycook, Alastair
    2006 Global Englishes and Transcultural Flows. New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9780203088807
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203088807 [Google Scholar]
89. Perkins, David
    2007 Theories of difficulty. InStudent Learning and University Teaching, Noel Entwistle & Paul Tomlinson (eds), 31–48. London: British Psychological Society. 10.1348/000709906X162082
    https://doi.org/10.1348/000709906X162082 [Google Scholar]
90. Russell, Kathy, Wilson, Midge & Hall, Ronald
    1993 The Color Complex: The Politics of Skin Color Among African Americans. New York: Anchor.
    [Google Scholar]
91. Said, Edward W.
    1979 Orientalism. New York: Vintage.
    [Google Scholar]
92. Salazar, Noel B.
    2010 Towards an anthropology of cultural mobilities. Crossings: Journal of Migration and Culture1(1): 53–68. 10.1386/cjmc.1.53_1
    https://doi.org/10.1386/cjmc.1.53_1 [Google Scholar]
93. Sánchez, Patricia
    2007 Urban immigrant students: How transnationalism shapes their world learning. The Urban Review391: 489–517. 10.1007/s11256‑007‑0064‑8
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-007-0064-8 [Google Scholar]
94. Schwalbe, Michael, Godwin, Sandra, Holden, Daphne, Schrock, Douglas, Thompson, Shealy & Wolkomir, Michele
    2000 Generic processes in the reproduction of inequality: An interactionist analysis. Social Forces791: 419–452. 10.2307/2675505
    https://doi.org/10.2307/2675505 [Google Scholar]
95. Sifakis, Nicos C.
    2014 ELF awareness as an opportunity for change: A transformative perspective for ESOL teacher education. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca3(2): 317–335. 10.1515/jelf‑2014‑0019
    https://doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2014-0019 [Google Scholar]
96. Statista Research Department
    Statista Research Department 2023 Most spoken languages in the world. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/266808/the-most-spoken-languages-worldwide/ (June 16, 2023)
    [Google Scholar]
97. Strauss, Anselm & Corbin, Juliet
    1990 Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. New York: Sage
    [Google Scholar]
98. Sullivan, N.
    2003 A Critical Introduction to Queer Theory. New York: New York University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
99. Szymanski, Dawn M., Kashubeck-West, Suan & Meyer, Jill
    2008 Internalized heterosexism: Measurement, psychosocial correlates, and research directions. The Counseling Psychologist36(4): 525–574. 10.1177/0011000007309489
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000007309489 [Google Scholar]
100. Teitelbaum, Kenneth
     1992 We make the road by walking: Conversations on education and social change. History of Education Quarterly32(1): 146–148. 10.2307/368424
     https://doi.org/10.2307/368424 [Google Scholar]
101. The Republic of China, Taiwan
     The Republic of China, Taiwan 2022 Gender Equity Education Act (GEEA). https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=H0080067#:~:text=This%20Act%20is%20prescribed%20in,of%20other%20laws%20shall%20govern (January 19, 2022)
102. Tsuda, Yukio
     1997 Hegemony of English vs. ecology of language: Building equality in international communication. InWorld Englishes 2000, Larry Smith & Michael L. Forman (eds), 21–31. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i & East-West Center.
     [Google Scholar]
103. United Nations Development Programme
     United Nations Development Programme 2016 Being LGBTI in China: A National Survey on Social Attitudes towards Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Gender Expression. UNDP. https://www.undp.org/asia-pacific/publications/being-lgbti-china-national-survey-social-attitudes-towards-sexual-orientation-gender-identity-and-gender-expression (January 16, 2018)
     [Google Scholar]
104. van de Vijver, Fons J. R. & Phalet, Karen
     2004 Assessment in multicultural groups: The role of acculturation. Applied Psychology53(2): 215–236. 10.1111/j.1464‑0597.2004.00169.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2004.00169.x [Google Scholar]
105. Villarreal, Phil
     2020 Executive loses job after Chick-fil-A rant video goes viral. Arizona Daily Star. https://tucson.com/news/local/executive-loses-job-after-chick-fil-a-rant-video-goes-viral/article_3f4b902f-2db4-52ed-a7a8-c62c5ea3699c.html (January 23, 2020)
     [Google Scholar]
106. Wang, Yuanyuan, Hu, Zhishan, Peng, Ke, Xin, Ying, Yang, Yuan, Drescher, Jack & Chen, Runsen
     2019 Discrimination against LGBT populations in China. The Lancet Public Health4(9): 440–441. 10.1016/S2468‑2667(19)30153‑7
     https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30153-7 [Google Scholar]
107. Wardhaugh, Ronald
     2014 An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
     [Google Scholar]
108. Woolard, Kathryn A.
     1998 Language ideology as a field of inquiry. InLanguage Ideologies: Practice and Theory, Bambi B. Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard & Paul Kroskrity (eds), 55–82. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/oso/9780195105612.003.0001
     https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195105612.003.0001 [Google Scholar]
109. Wu, Yanjing & Thierry, Guillaume
     2010 Investigating bilingual processing: The neglected role of language processing contexts. Frontiers in Psychology11: 1–6. 10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00178
     https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00178 [Google Scholar]
110. Yang, Yifang
     2018 Bargaining with the State: The empowerment of Chinese sexual minorities/LGBT in the social media era. Journal of Contemporary China28(118): 662–677. 10.1080/10670564.2018.1557943
     https://doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2018.1557943 [Google Scholar]
111. Yin, Robert K.
     1994 Discovering the future of the case study method in evaluation research. Evaluation Practice15(3): 283–290.
     [Google Scholar]
112. Yue, Xiao
     2012 The impact of the American English learning upon Chinese college students’ ideology. Creative Education3(1): 164–169. 10.4236/ce.2012.31026
     https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2012.31026 [Google Scholar]