1887
Volume 21, Issue 3
  • ISSN 1606-822X
  • E-ISSN: 2309-5067

Abstract

抽象

本文從次方言比較角度,對比台南、新竹、廈門、鹿港、金門等五地,尋找閩南語單元音歸併演變路徑及其相關變化的可能觸發因素。台南與厦門(鼓浪嶼一帶)的發音相似,傳統閩南語的o、ɔ分立,都轉爲ə、o分立,顯示語言異地同變之追求系統均衡的普遍趨勢。若系統存在固有央元音ə、ɨ音位,傾向阻擋o前移,以免降低固有ə與o區別度,在泉州腔的金門與同安均可見此現象。鹿港老一輩可見到僅以舌位高低區別o、ɔ,但中青年層也普遍出現o元音前移趨勢;說明固有央元音ə阻擋o央化不是必然,次方言接觸強度會進一步誘發差異演變。語言優勢效應也影響了閩南語元音變化,當優勢華語進入生活各領域,促使閩南語中青年層元音系統朝向等同於華語的三個舌位高度發展;目前廈門、金門與台灣各地青年層閩南語元音都是三個舌位高度。總結而言,元音系統內部平衡機制、優勢語言影響、與次方言接觸強度等動力,綜合影響了當今閩南語元音系統歸併變化。

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2020-06-16
2023-03-23
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