oa Proto-Tibetic *mbras ‘1grain; 2rice’

References

1. Bailey, T. Grahame
   1911 Kanauri vocabulary in two parts: English-Kanauri and Kanauri-English. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (New Series)(). –. 10.1017/S0035869X00041514
   https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035869X00041514 [Google Scholar]
2. Baxter, William H. & Sagart, Laurent
   2014a Baxter-Sagart Old Chinese reconstruction. (https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/ocbaxtersagart/wp-content/uploads/sites/1415/2025/03/BaxterSagartOCbyGSR2014-09-20.pdf) (Accessed2025-12-18.) (Version 1.1, 20 September 2014.)
   [Google Scholar]
3. Baxter, William H. & Sagart, Laurent
   2014b Old Chinese: A new reconstruction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199945375.001.0001
   https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199945375.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
4. Beckwith, Christopher I.
   2009 Empires of the Silk Road: A history of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the present. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 10.1515/9781400829941
   https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400829941 [Google Scholar]
5. Benedict, Paul K.
   1972 Sino-Tibetan: A conspectus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   [Google Scholar]
6. Berger, Hermann
   1998 Die Burushaski-Sprache von Hunza und Nager, teil I: Grammatik. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
   [Google Scholar]
7. Beyer, Stephan V.
   1993 The Classical Tibetan language. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications.
   [Google Scholar]
8. Bialek, Joanna
   2018a Compounds and compounding in Old Tibetan: A corpus based approach. Marburg: Indica et Tibetica. (volumes.)
   [Google Scholar]
9. Bialek, Joanna
   2018b The Proto-Tibetan clusters sL- and sR- and the periodisation of Old Tibetan. Himalayan Linguistics(). –. 10.5070/H917238831
   https://doi.org/10.5070/H917238831 [Google Scholar]
10. Bialek, Joanna
    2020a Old Tibetan verb morphology and semantics: An attempt at a reconstruction. Himalayan Linguistics(). –. 10.5070/H919145017
    https://doi.org/10.5070/H919145017 [Google Scholar]
11. Bialek, Joanna
    2020b Towards a standardisation of Tibetan transliteration for textual studies. Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines. –.
    [Google Scholar]
12. Bialek, Joanna
    2021a Kinterms: New potential indicators for dating Old Tibetan documents. Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines. –.
    [Google Scholar]
13. Bialek, Joanna
    2021b Naming the empire: from Bod to Tibet — A philologico-historical study on the origin of the polity. Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines. –.
    [Google Scholar]
14. Bialek, Joanna
    2021c Comments on Jacques’ “The directionality of the voicing alternation in Tibetan”. Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
15. Bialek, Joanna
    2026 Old Literary Tibetan: A comprehensive text grammar based on the Old Tibetan Annals. Leiden: Brill. 10.1163/9789004745926
    https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004745926 [Google Scholar]
16. Bialek, Joanna
    . Forthcoming a. Causative alternation in Tibetic and Trans-Himalayan. (Accepted by Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, to be published in 2026, in issue 49(2).)
    [Google Scholar]
17. Bialek, Joanna
    . Forthcoming b. Proto-Bodic *mr- and *ml- and their modern reflexes.
    [Google Scholar]
18. Bialek, Joanna & Suzuki, Hiroyuki
    . Forthcoming. Devoicing phenomena across Tibetic: Patterns in plosives and fricatives.
    [Google Scholar]
19. Bielmeier, Roland
    1982 Problems of Tibetan dialectology and language hi-story with special reference to the sKyid grong dialect. Zentralasiatische Studien. –.
    [Google Scholar]
20. Bielmeier, Roland
    1985 A survey of the development of western and southwestern Tibetan dialects. InAziz, Barbara Nimri & Kapstein, Matthew (eds.), Soundings in Tibetan civilization, –. New Delhi: Manohar.
    [Google Scholar]
21. Bielmeier, Roland & Haller, Felix & Häsler, Katrin & Huber, Brigitte & Volkart, Marianne
    2013 Comparative dictionary of Tibetan dialects. (Draft.)
    [Google Scholar]
22. Bielmeier, Roland & Häsler, Katrin & Haller, Chungda & Haller, Felix & Hein, Veronika & Huber, Brigitte & Volkart, Marianne & Preiswerk, Thomas & Ngawang Tsering & Widmer, Manuel & Zemp, Marius
    2018 Comparative dictionary of Tibetan dialects (CDTD), volume 2: Verbs. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9783110554076
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110554076 [Google Scholar]
23. Bodt, Timotheus A.
    2012 The new lamp clarifying the history, peoples, languages and traditions of Eastern Bhutan and Eastern Mon. Wageningen: Monpasang Publications. 10.5281/zenodo.1155036
    https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1155036 [Google Scholar]
24. Bodt, Timotheus A.
    2023 East Bodish revisited. Bulletin of Tibetology(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
25. Buffetrille, Katia
    2008 Some remarks on mediums: The case of the lha pa of the musical festival (glu rol) of Sog ru (A mdo). Mongolo-Tibetica Pragensia(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
26. Bybee, Joan L.
    2015 Articulatory processing and frequency of use in sound change. InHoneybone, Patrick & Salmons, Joseph (eds.), The Oxford handbook of historical phonology, –. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199232819.013.016
    https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199232819.013.016 [Google Scholar]
27. Campbell, Lyle
    2004 Historical linguistics. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
    [Google Scholar]
28. Coblin, W. South
    2002 On certain functions of ’a-chung in early Tibetan transcriptional texts. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area(). –. 10.32655/LTBA.25.2.09
    https://doi.org/10.32655/LTBA.25.2.09 [Google Scholar]
29. d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade
    2011 Millets, rice, social complexity, and the spread of agriculture to the Chengdu plain and Southwest China. Rice (). –. 10.1007/s12284‑011‑9071‑1
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s12284-011-9071-1 [Google Scholar]
30. d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade & Lu, Hongliang & Li, Yongxian & Spengler, Robert N. & Wu, Xiaohong & Aldenderfer, Mark S.
    2014 Moving agriculture onto the Tibetan plateau: The archaeobotanical evidence. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences(). –. 10.1007/s12520‑013‑0153‑4
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-013-0153-4 [Google Scholar]
31. de Vries, Klaas
    2020 A sociolinguistic survey of Humla Tibetan in Northwest Nepal. Electronic Survey Report(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
32. Dhakal, Dubi Nanda & List, Johann-Mattis & Roberts, Seán G.
    2024 A phylogenetic study of South-Western Tibetic. Journal of Language Evolution(). –. 10.1093/jole/lzae008
    https://doi.org/10.1093/jole/lzae008 [Google Scholar]
33. Dondrup, Rinchin
    1993 Brokeh language guide. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Arunachal Pradesh Government.
    [Google Scholar]
34. Donohue, Mark & Dhakal, Dubi Nanda
    2016 A Tsum lexicon. München: Lincom.
    [Google Scholar]
35. Dzongkha Development Commission
    Dzongkha Development Commission 2017 Dzongkha-English-dZalakha lexicon. Thimphu: Dzongkha Development Commission.
    [Google Scholar]
36. Dzongkha Development Commission
    Dzongkha Development Commission 2018 Bumthangkha-Dzongkha-English lexicon. Thimphu: Dzongkha Development Commission.
    [Google Scholar]
37. Ferlus, Michel
    2010 The Austroasiatic vocabulary for rice: Its origin and expansion. Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
38. Funk, Damian
    2020 A preliminary phonology of Brokpa. Himalayan Linguistics(). –. 10.5070/H919146769
    https://doi.org/10.5070/H919146769 [Google Scholar]
39. Gerber, Pascal & Grollmann, Selin
    2025 The phylogenetic position of Tshangla: A reevaluation. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale(). –. 10.1163/19606028‑bja10050
    https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-bja10050 [Google Scholar]
40. Grollmann, Selin
    2020 A grammar of Bjokapakha. Leiden: Brill. 10.1163/9789004435230
    https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004435230 [Google Scholar]
41. Grollmann, Selin & Gerber, Pascal
    2018 Linguistic evidence for a closer relationship between Lhokpu and Dhimal: Including some remarks on the Dhimalish subgroup. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale(). –. 10.1163/19606028‑04701004
    https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-04701004 [Google Scholar]
42. Hill, Nathan W.
    2009 Tibetan <ḥ-> as a plain initial and its place in Old Tibetan phonology. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area(). –. 10.32655/LTBA.32.1.03
    https://doi.org/10.32655/LTBA.32.1.03 [Google Scholar]
43. Hill, Nathan W.
    2010 An overview of Old Tibetan synchronic phonology. Transactions of the Philological Society(). –. 10.1111/j.1467‑968X.2010.01234.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-968X.2010.01234.x [Google Scholar]
44. Hill, Nathan W.
    2011 An inventory of Tibetan sound laws. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society(). –. 10.1017/S1356186311000332
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S1356186311000332 [Google Scholar]
45. Hill, Nathan W.
    2015 Tibetan *-as > -os. International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction. –.
    [Google Scholar]
46. Hill, Nathan W.
    2019 The historical phonology of Tibetan, Burmese, and Chinese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/9781316550939
    https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316550939 [Google Scholar]
47. Honkasalo, Sami
    2019 A grammar of Eastern Geshiza: A culturally anchored description. Helsinki: University of Helsinki (Doctoral dissertation).
    [Google Scholar]
48. Huang, Bufan & Xu, Shouchun & Chen, Jiaying & Wang, Huiyin & Dai, Qingxia
    1992 Zangmianyuzu yuyan cihui. Beijing: China Minzu University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
49. Hyslop, Gwendolyn
    2014 A preliminary reconstruction of East Bodish. InHill, Nathan W. & Owen-Smith, Thomas (eds.), Trans-Himalayan linguistics: Historical and descriptive linguistics of the Himalayan area, –. Berlin: De Gruyter.
    [Google Scholar]
50. Hyslop, Gwendolyn & d’Alpoim-Guedes, Jade
    2021 Linguistic evidence supports a long antiquity of cultivation of barley and buckwheat over that of millet and rice in Eastern Bhutan. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany(). –. 10.1007/s00334‑020‑00809‑8
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-020-00809-8 [Google Scholar]
51. Iwao, Kazushi & Hill, Nathan W. & Takeuchi, Tsuguhito
    (eds.) 2009 Old Tibetan inscriptions. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
    [Google Scholar]
52. Jacques, Guillaume
    2009 Le développement du tibétain ancien -e- dans les dialectes occidentaux. Études mongoles et sibériennes, centrasiatiques et tibétaines. –. 10.4000/emscat.1500
    https://doi.org/10.4000/emscat.1500 [Google Scholar]
53. Jacques, Guillaume
    2012 A new transcription system for Old and Classical Tibetan. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area(). –. 10.32655/LTBA.35.2.04
    https://doi.org/10.32655/LTBA.35.2.04 [Google Scholar]
54. Jacques, Guillaume
    2014 Cone. InSun, Jackson T.-S. (ed.), Phonological profiles of little-studied Tibetic varieties, –. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academic Sinica.
    [Google Scholar]
55. Jacques, Guillaume
    2016 Esquisse de phonologie et de morphologie historique du tangoute. Leiden: Brill. (Hardback published in 2014.) 10.1163/9789004264854
    https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004264854 [Google Scholar]
56. Jacques, Guillaume
    2021 A grammar of Japhug. Berlin: Language Science Press.
    [Google Scholar]
57. Jäschke, Heinrich August
    2003[1881] A Tibetan-English dictionary dictionary: With special reference to the prevailing dialects; to which is added an English-Tibetan vocabulary. New York: Dover Publications. (First published by the Secretary of State for India in Council, in London.)
    [Google Scholar]
58. Karlgren, Bernhard
    1957 Grammata serica recensa. Stockholm: The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities.
    [Google Scholar]
59. Kelly, Barbara
    2004 A grammar and glossary of the Sherpa language. InGenetti, Carol (ed.), Tibeto-Burman languages of Nepal: Manange and Sherpa, –. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
    [Google Scholar]
60. Kuiper, Franciscus B. J.
    1966 The sources of the Nahali vocabulary. InZide, Norman H. (ed.), Studies in comparative Austroasiatic linguistics, –. The Hage: Mouton & Co.
    [Google Scholar]
61. Kümmel, Martin Joachim
    2007 Konsonantenwandel: Bausteine zu einer Typologie des Lautwandels und ihre Konsequenzen für die vergleichende Rekonstruktion. Wiesbaden: Reichert.
    [Google Scholar]
62. Kuteva, Tania & Heine, Bernd & Hong, Bo & Long, Haiping & Narrog, Heiko & Rhee, Seongha
    (eds.) 2019 World lexicon of grammaticalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/9781316479704
    https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316479704 [Google Scholar]
63. Ladefoged, Peter & Maddieson, Ian
    1996 The sounds of the world’s languages. Oxford: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
64. Lai, Yunfan
    2016 Causativisation in Wobzi and other Khroskyabs dialects. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale(). –. 10.1163/19606028‑00452p03
    https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00452p03 [Google Scholar]
65. Lin, You-Jing
    2014 Thebo. InSun, Jackson T.-S. (ed.), Phonological profiles of little-studied Tibetic varieties, –. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academic Sinica.
    [Google Scholar]
66. Liu, Kitty Wenying
    2024 The development of zl in Tibetic languages. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale(). –. 10.1163/19606028‑bja10038
    https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-bja10038 [Google Scholar]
67. Löffler, Lorenz G.
    1966 The contribution of Mru to Sino-Tibetan linguistics. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
68. Lorimer, David Lockhart Robertson
    1938 The Burushaski language, volume 3: Vocabularies and index. Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co.
    [Google Scholar]
69. Mainwaring, George Byres & Grünwedel, Albert
    (eds.) 1898 Dictionary of the Lepcha-language. Berlin: Unger Brothers.
    [Google Scholar]
70. Matisoff, James A.
    1975 Rhinoglottophilia: The mysterious connection between nasality and glottality. InFerguson, Charles Albert & Hyman, Larry M. & Ohala, John J. (eds.), Nasálfest: Papers from a symposium on nasals and nasalization, –. Stanford: Stanford University.
    [Google Scholar]
71. Matisoff, James A.
    (ed.) 1987–Ongoing The Sino-Tibetan etymological dictionary and thesaurus. Berkeley: University of California. (stedt.berkeley.edu/~stedt-cgi/rootcanal.pl) (Accessed2017-11-07.)
    [Google Scholar]
72. Matisoff, James A.
    2003 Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman: System and philosophy of Sino-Tibetan reconstruction. Berkeley: University of California Press.
    [Google Scholar]
73. Michailovsky, Boyd & Mazaudon, Martine
    1994 Preliminary notes on the languages of the Bumthang group. InKværne, Per (ed.), Tibetan Studies, Proceedings of the 6th Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, Fagernes, –. Oslo: The Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture.
    [Google Scholar]
74. Miller, Roy Andrew
    1955 Notes on the Lhasa dialect of the early ninth century. Oriens(). –. 10.1163/19606028_015_02‑10
    https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028_015_02-10 [Google Scholar]
75. Nagano, Yasuhiko
    1983 A historical study of gLo Tibetan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology(). –. 10.15021/00004470
    https://doi.org/10.15021/00004470 [Google Scholar]
76. Nishida, Tatsuo
    1963 On the T’ien-ch’üan Tibetan dialect of Hsi-K’ang in the sixteenth century: A study of the Chinese-Tibetan vocabulary, Hsi-Fan-Kuan I-yu. Kyoto Daigaku Bungakubu Kenkyu Kiyo. –.
    [Google Scholar]
77. Noonan, Michael
    1999 Chantyal dictionary and texts. Boston: Mouton de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110802597
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110802597 [Google Scholar]
78. Owen-Smith, Thomas
    2015 Grammatical relations in Tamang, a Tibeto-Burman language of Nepal. London: SOAS University of London. (Doctoral dissertation.) 10.25501/SOAS.00023664
    https://doi.org/10.25501/SOAS.00023664 [Google Scholar]
79. Peiros, Ilia & Starostin, Sergei A.
    1996 A comparative vocabulary of five Sino-Tibetan languages, fascicle V: Velars, uvulars and laringals. Melbourne: Department of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, the University of Melbourne.
    [Google Scholar]
80. Plaisier, Heleen
    2007 A grammar of Lepcha. Leiden: Brill.
    [Google Scholar]
81. Róna-Tas, András
    1966 Tibeto-Mongolica: The Tibetan loanwords of Monguor and the development of the Archaic Tibetan dialects. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
    [Google Scholar]
82. Róna-Tas, András
    1985 Wiener Vorlesungen zur Sprach- und Kulturgeschichte Tibets. Wien: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien, Universität Wien.
    [Google Scholar]
83. Rüfenacht, Sara & Waldis, Sereina
    2020 Diachronic and areal aspects of Brokpa phonology. Himalayan Linguistics(). –. 10.5070/H919146790
    https://doi.org/10.5070/H919146790 [Google Scholar]
84. Sagart, Laurent
    2003 The vocabulary of cereal cultivation and the phylogeny of East Asian languages. Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association. –.
    [Google Scholar]
85. Schuessler, Axel
    1998 Another note on Old Tibetan rje-blas. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area(). –. 10.32655/LTBA.21.2.02
    https://doi.org/10.32655/LTBA.21.2.02 [Google Scholar]
86. Schuessler, Axel
    2007 ABC etymological dictionary of Old Chinese. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press.
    [Google Scholar]
87. Schuessler, Axel
    2009 Minimal Old Chinese and later Han Chinese: A companion to Grammata Serica Recensa. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press.
    [Google Scholar]
88. Scott, James C.
    2009 The art of not being governed: An anarchist history of Upland Southeast Asia. New Haven: Yale University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
89. Scott, James C.
    2017 Against the grain: A deep history of the earliest states. New Haven: Yale University Press. 10.2307/j.ctv1bvnfk9
    https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bvnfk9 [Google Scholar]
90. Sharma, Suhnu Ram
    2001 A sketch of Rongpo grammar. InNagano, Yasuhiko & LaPolla, Randy J. (eds.), New Research on Zhangzhung and Related Himalayan Languages, –. Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology. 10.15021/00002148
    https://doi.org/10.15021/00002148 [Google Scholar]
91. Simon, Walter
    1930 Tibetisch-Chinesische Wortgleichungen: Ein Versuch. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 10.1515/9783111478531
    https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111478531 [Google Scholar]
92. Song, Jixiang & Lu, Hongliang & Zhang, Zhengwei & Liu, Xinyi
    2018 Archaeobotanical remains from the mid-first millennium AD site of Kaerdong in western Tibet. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences(). –. 10.1007/s12520‑017‑0521‑6
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-017-0521-6 [Google Scholar]
93. Sprigg, Richard Keith
    1968 The role of R in the development of the modern spoken Tibetan dialects. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
94. Sprigg, Richard Keith
    1979 The Golok dialect and written Tibetan past-tense verb forms. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies(). –. 10.1017/S0041977X00108444
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X00108444 [Google Scholar]
95. Stein, Rolf Alfred
    1972 Tibetan civilization. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
96. Sun, Jackson T.-S.
    1993 A historical-comparative study of the Tani (Mirish) branch in Tibeto-Burman. Berkeley: University of California. (Doctoral dissertation.)
    [Google Scholar]
97. Sun, Jackson T.-S.
    2003 Phonological profile of Zhongu: A new Tibetan dialect of Northern Sichuan. Language and Linguistics(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
98. Sun, Jackson T.-S.
    2025 A phonological and lexical profile of Sastod: A non-Amdo Tibetic language of Khrochu (Sichuan). Language and Linguistics(). –.
    [Google Scholar]
99. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
    2007 /r/ as a glide of the consonant cluster in sProsnang [Zhonglu] Tibetan. Tokyo University Linguistic Papers. –.
    [Google Scholar]
100. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2009 Khams Tibetan sPomtserag [Benzilan] dialect: Phonetic analysis. Asian and African Languages and Linguistics. –. 10.15026/61392
     https://doi.org/10.15026/61392 [Google Scholar]
101. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2010 Khams Tibetan Khyungpo/Khromtshang dialect: Phonetic and dialectal analysis. Journal of Asian and African Studies. –. 10.15026/57437
     https://doi.org/10.15026/57437 [Google Scholar]
102. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2011 Phonetic analysis of dGudzong Tibetan: The vernacular of Khams Tibetan spoken in the rGyalrong area. Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology(). –. 10.15021/00003880
     https://doi.org/10.15021/00003880 [Google Scholar]
103. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2012a A propos du terme ‘riz’ et de l’hypothèse du groupe dialectal de Sems-kyi-nyila en tibétain du Khams. Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines. –.
     [Google Scholar]
104. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2012b Khams Tibetan Sangdam dialect: Phonetic and dialectal analysis. Journal of Asian and African Studies. –. 10.15026/69336
     https://doi.org/10.15026/69336 [Google Scholar]
105. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2014 Xifanguan Yiyu, a Chinese-Tibetan vocabulary edited in the 16th century, as a dialectal material of Minyag Rabgang Tibetan. (Paper presented at the24th Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, Myanmar, 27–31 May 2014.)
     [Google Scholar]
106. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2020a Kamu Chibettogo Sasage hachi [Phongpa] hōgen no watari-on /r/. Nidaba. –.
     [Google Scholar]
107. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2020b Geolinguistic significance of the Phongpa dialect in the history of Yunnan Tibetan. InFukushima, Chitsuko (ed.), Proceedings of the Second Annual Meeting of the Geolinguistic Society of Japan, –. (https://zenodo.org/records/4515013) (Accessed2025-09-25.)
     [Google Scholar]
108. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2022a Sound correspondences of the ’Azha dialect of Thewo-smad Tibetan with Literary Tibetan and a Japanese-’Azha word list: With an introduction to Tibetic languages in Thewo County. Journal of Kijutsuken. –. (id.nii.ac.jp/1422/00004411/) (Accessed2025-07-23.)
     [Google Scholar]
109. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2022b Dialectal classification of the Phongpa Dialect of Khams Tibetan. Tokyo University Linguistic Papers. –. 10.15083/0002005845
     https://doi.org/10.15083/0002005845 [Google Scholar]
110. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2023 Geolinguistic approach to migration history in the south-eastern edge of the Tibetosphere: A case study of Sangdam Tibetan and methodological remarks. Asian Languages and Linguistics(). –. 10.1075/alal.00013.suz
     https://doi.org/10.1075/alal.00013.suz [Google Scholar]
111. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2024a Shaping rGyalthangic: A historical account of Yunnan Khams. InNohara, Masaki & Ikeda, Takumi (eds.), Grammatical phenomena of Sino-Tibetan languages 6: Typology and historical change, –. Kyoto: Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University.
     [Google Scholar]
112. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2024b Dialectal characteristics of Khams Tibetan Nyishe/Khrezhag dialect: Accompanied with its vocabulary. Asian and African Languages and Linguistics. –. 10.15026/0002000305
     https://doi.org/10.15026/0002000305 [Google Scholar]
113. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2024c Evolution of dorsal fricatives in rGyalthangic varieties of Khams Tibetan. Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan(). –. 10.24467/onseikenkyu.28.2_107
     https://doi.org/10.24467/onseikenkyu.28.2_107 [Google Scholar]
114. Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     . Forthcoming. Irregular lexical innovation of yin in south-eastern Tibetic languages.
     [Google Scholar]
115. Suzuki, Hiroyuki & Sonam Wangmo
     2016 Cultural contexts of the expansion of a Tibetan word ’bras ‘rice’ in the easternmost Tibetosphere. InEndo, Mitsuaki (ed.), Papers from the Third International Conference on Asian Geolinguistics, –. Fuchu: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asian and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
     [Google Scholar]
116. Suzuki, Hiroyuki, & Sonam Wangmo
     2017 Vocabulary of Shingnyag Tibetan: A dialect of Amdo Tibetan spoken in Lhagang, Khams Minyag. Asian and African Languages and Linguistics. –. 10.15026/89211
     https://doi.org/10.15026/89211 [Google Scholar]
117. Tournadre, Nicolas Laurent & Rigzin, Karma
     2015 Outline of Chocha-Ngacha. Himalayan Linguistics(). –. 10.5070/H914225395
     https://doi.org/10.5070/H914225395 [Google Scholar]
118. Tournadre, Nicolas & Sherpa, Lhakpa Norbu & Gyurme Chodrak & Oisel, Guillaume
     2009 Sherpa-English and English-Sherpa dictionary with literary Tibetan and Nepali equivalents. Kathmandu: Vajra Publications.
     [Google Scholar]
119. Tournadre, Nicolas & Suzuki, Hiroyuki
     2023 The Tibetic languages: An introduction to the family of languages derived from Old Tibetan. Villejuif: LACITO.
     [Google Scholar]
120. Uray, Géza
     1954 Review of Tibetische Dialekte von A mdo. Anthropos, vol. (1952), no, pp.–, byHermanns, Mathias. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae(). –.
     [Google Scholar]
121. van Driem, George
     2001 Languages of the Himalayas: An ethnolinguistic handbook of the Greater Himalayan region containing an introduction to the symbiotic theory of language, vol.. Leiden: Brill.
     [Google Scholar]
122. van Driem, George
     2015 Synoptic grammar of the Bumthang language: A language of the central Bhutan highlands. Himalayan Linguistics Archive. –. 10.5070/H90025495
     https://doi.org/10.5070/H90025495 [Google Scholar]
123. Vesalainen, Olavi
     2016 A grammar sketch of Lhomi. Dallas: SIL International.
     [Google Scholar]
124. Wang, Yanren & Yang, Qi & Yang, Jishuai & Sharma, Shalini & Huang, Yunzhe & He, Wei & Tsring, Tinley & Hu, Shihua & Chen, Songtao & Sun, Qingli & You, Ting & Gu, Zhengquan & Tsho, Yang & Wangdue, Shargan & Chen, Zujun & Gao, Yu & Yang, Xiaoyan & Chen, Fahu
     2024 The evolution of cropping structure in prehistoric Xizang. Science Bulletin(). –. 10.1016/j.scib.2024.06.025
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2024.06.025 [Google Scholar]
125. Wangdi, Pema
     2020 Segmental and suprasegmental features of Brokpa. Himalayan Linguistics(). –. 10.5070/H919148641
     https://doi.org/10.5070/H919148641 [Google Scholar]
126. Wangdi, Pema
     2021 A grammar of Brokpa: A Trans-Himalayan language of Bhutan. Cairns: James Cook University. (Doctoral dissertation.) 10.25903/58yg‑we65
     https://doi.org/10.25903/58yg-we65 [Google Scholar]
127. Watkins, Calvert
     1973 Language and its history. Dædalus(). –.
     [Google Scholar]
128. Webster, Jeff
     2022 A sociolinguistic survey of the Tibeto-Burman dialects of North Gorkha District, Nepal. Journal of Language Survey Reports(). –.
     [Google Scholar]
129. Widmer, Manuel
     2017 A grammar of Bunan. Berlin: de Gruyter Mouton. 10.1515/9783110766295
     https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110766295 [Google Scholar]
130. Willis Oko, Christina
     2019 A grammar of Darma. Leiden: Brill.
     [Google Scholar]
131. Wolfenden, Stuart N.
     1936 On certain alternations between dental finals in Tibetan and Chinese. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (New Series)(). –. 10.1017/S0035869X00077212
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035869X00077212 [Google Scholar]
132. Yang, Daxue & Sangsrgyas Tshering & Gates, Jesse P.
     2024 A voicing rule for non-continuant obstruents in Thebo Tibetan. Language and Linguistics(). –. 10.1075/lali.00169.san
     https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00169.san [Google Scholar]
133. Yliniemi, Juha Sakari
     2021 A descriptive grammar of Denjongke. Himalayan Linguistics Archive. –. 10.5070/H920146466
     https://doi.org/10.5070/H920146466 [Google Scholar]
134. Zoller, Claus Peter
     1983 Die Sprache der Rang Pas von Garhwal (Raṅ Pɔ Bhāsa): Grammatik, Texte, Wörterbuch. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
     [Google Scholar]