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Volume 18, Issue 2
  • ISSN 1606-822X
  • E-ISSN: 2309-5067
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Abstract

Abstract

in contemporary Japanese is a degree adverb (intensifier). Previous studies have reported that derived from the adverb , which means ‘either way’ (and hence is a bipolar item) in classical Japanese. These studies also reported that became a negative polarity item (an adverb modifying words for negative evaluation), but then shifted to a positive polarity item (an adverb modifying words for positive evaluation), and that counter-expectation factors played an important role in this shift. It is reported that the ‘say’-derived complementizer develops into a hearsay evidential marker, counter-expectation marker, and in some cases an intensifier (e.g. Wang et al. 2003) in some languages. in classical Japanese is known as a ‘say’-derived complementizer, but it does not grammaticalize into an intensifier. This study maintains that the intensifier also derived from the verb ‘say’ and the entire process of grammaticalization of totemo may be chronologized as follows: concessive use of quotative > concessive use of hearsay evidential > counter-expectation marker > intensifier. Thus, this study reveals the language-specific development of grammaticalization of the intensifier . We also reveal that a reanalysis of the concessive subordinator and the elision of the complement clause preceding as a sentence initial counter-expectation marker further gave rise to the sentence-medial parenthetical phrase (intensifier) .

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/content/journals/10.1075/lali.18.2.06tam
2017-04-10
2024-10-10

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/content/journals/10.1075/lali.18.2.06tam
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Development of ‘say’-derived constructions
Language and Linguistics 18, 296 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.18.2.06tam
/content/journals/10.1075/lali.18.2.06tam
/content/journals/10.1075/lali.18.2.06tam
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): concessive; counter-expectation marker; grammaticalization; hearsay evidential; intensifier; the elision of complement clause; totemo; ‘say’-derived constructions

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