1887
Volume 5, Issue 1
  • ISSN 2214-9953
  • E-ISSN: 2214-9961
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Abstract

This article examines the use of Moroccan Arabic (MA) in the new Linguistic Landscape (LL) in Morocco, and in particular in the city of Meknés, in a new neighbourhood known as (حمرية) or . In particular, the ways in which current socio-economic transformations produce new spaces of communications are explored, highlighting the extent to which MA is used in urban public spaces as new linguistic practices. In turn, the increasing visibility of MA in the LL and its subsequent nourishing of hybrid practices are discussed. The data points to a re-semiotisation of space in a Moroccan linguistic regime historically characterized by a well-established linguistic hierarchy. Ultimately, the use of MA creates new language practices and policies that resist and transform the sociolinguistic regime which is analysed here by a close examination of linguistic variation in Arabic in the public space.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/ll.18008.mou
2019-03-07
2025-02-17
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Backhaus, P.
    (2007) Linguistic Landscapes: A Comparative Study of Urban Multilingualism in Tokyo. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Barni, M. & Bagna, C.
    (2015) The critical turn in LL. New methodologies and new items in LL. Linguistic Landscape, 1 (1/2), 6–18. 10.1075/ll.1.1‑2.01bar
    https://doi.org/10.1075/ll.1.1-2.01bar [Google Scholar]
  3. (2009) A mapping technique and the linguistic landscape. InE. Shohamy & D. Gorter. (Eds.), Linguistic Landscape: Expanding the Scenery (pp.126–140). New York: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Benítez Fernández, M.
    (2010) Política lingüística contemporánea de Marruecos: de la arabización a la aceptación del multilingüismo. Publicaciones del Instituto de Estudios Islámicos y del Oriente Próximo: Zaragoza.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. (2008) Árabe marroquí como proyecto editorial: ¿es una experiencia posible?” InL. Abu Shams (Ed.). Actas del III Congreso de árabe marroquí: estudio, enseñanza y aprendizaje. (pp.37–54). Publicaciones de la Universidad del País Vasco. Victoria-Gasteiz.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Benítez Fernández, M., Miller, C., De Ruiter, J. & Tamir, Y.
    (Eds.) (2013) Évolution des pratiques et représentations langagières dans le Maroc du XXIème siècle. 2volsParis: L’Harmattan.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Ben-Rafael, E., & Ben-Rafael, M.
    (2015) Linguistic landscapes in an era of multiple globalizations. Linguistic Landscape, 1 (1/2), 19–37. 10.1075/ll.1.1‑2.02ben
    https://doi.org/10.1075/ll.1.1-2.02ben [Google Scholar]
  8. Ben-Rafael, E., Shohamy, E., & Barni, M.
    (2010) Introduction: An approach to an ‘ordered disorder’, InE. Shohamy, E. Ben-Rafael & M. Barni (Eds.) Linguistic Landscape in the City (pp.xi–xxviii). Bristol: Multilingual Matters. 10.21832/9781847692993‑002
    https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847692993-002 [Google Scholar]
  9. Blackwood, R., Lanza, E., Woldemariam, H.
    (Eds.) (2016) Negotiating and Contesting Identities in Linguistic Landscapes, London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Blommaert, J.
    (2013) Ethnography, Superdiversity and Linguistic Landscapes, Bristol: Multilingual Matters. 10.21832/9781783090419
    https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783090419 [Google Scholar]
  11. Blommaert, J., Slembrouk, S., and Collins, J.
    (2005) Spaces of multilingualism. Language & Communication, 25, 197–216. 10.1016/j.langcom.2005.05.002
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2005.05.002 [Google Scholar]
  12. Boukous, A.
    (2008) Le champ langagier: Diversité et stratification. Revue Asinag, 1, 15–37.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. (1999) Dominance et différence. Essai sur les enjeux symboliques au Maroc. Casablanca: Editions Le Fennec.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Bourdieu, P.
    (1982) Ce que parler veut dire: L’économie des échanges linguistiques. Paris: Fayard.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Caubet, D.
    (2017) Morocco: An Informal Passage to Literacy in dārija (Moroccan Arabic). InJ. Høigilt & G. Mejdell (Eds.), The politics of written language in Arab world (pp.116–141). Leiden/Boston: Brill. 10.1163/9789004346178_007
    https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004346178_007 [Google Scholar]
  16. de Ruiter, J., & Ziamari, K.
    (2015) Le marché sociolinguistique contemporain au Maroc. Paris: L’Harmattan.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Dominique, C., & Miller, C.
    (2016) Quels enjeux sociopolitiques autour de la darija au Maroc?. InF. Laroussi & C. Sini. (Eds.) Langues et mutations sociales au Maghreb (pp.67–90) Rouen: Presses Universitaires de Rouen et du Havre.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Cenoz, J., & Gorter, D.
    (2006) Linguistic landscape and minority languages, International Journal of Multilingualism, 3(1), 67–80. 10.1080/14790710608668386
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710608668386 [Google Scholar]
  19. Chekayri, A.
    (2014) The Challenges of the Shift from a Modern Standard Arabic only Approach to an Integrative Approach. InV. Aguilar, P. Santillán & L. M. Pérez Cañada. (Eds.) Teaching and Learning the Arabic Language. (pp.45–70). Murcia: edit.um.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Elinson, A. E.
    (2013) Dārija and Changing Writing Practices in Morocco. International Journal Middle East Studies, 45, 715–730. 10.1017/S0020743813000871
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743813000871 [Google Scholar]
  21. Ennaji, M., & Sadiqi, F.
    (Eds.) (2014) Multiculturalism and Democracy in North Africa. Aftermath of the Arab Spring. London & New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9781315817439
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315817439 [Google Scholar]
  22. Fassi Fihri, A.
    (2013) Asiyāsaţu Al-luġawiyaţu fī al bilādi Al ’arabiyaţi. Baңţun ’an bay`aţin tabī’iyaţin, ’adilaţin, dīmuqrāttiyaţin wa naŷi’aţin. Tarāblus: Dār Alkiţāb Al ŷadīd Al muţţaңidaa.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. الفهري الفاسي، عبد القادر.2013. السياسة اللغوية في البلاد العربية. بحث عن بيئة طبيعية، عادلة، ديمقراطية وناجعة. طرابلس: دار الكتاب الجديد المتحدة.(Language policy in Arab countries)
  24. Fondation Zakoura
    Fondation Zakoura (2013) Actes du colloque International sur l’Education : le chemin de la réussite. Casablanca: Fondation Zakoura Education.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Goody, J.
    (1996) Entre l’oralité et l’écriture. Paris: P.U.F.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Heller, M.
    (2010) Language as resource in the globalised new economy. InN. Coupland (Ed.), The Handbook of Language and Globalization (pp.349–365). Blackwell: Blackwell Publishing. 10.1002/9781444324068.ch15
    https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444324068.ch15 [Google Scholar]
  27. Heller, M., & Boutet, J.
    (2006) Vers de nouvelles formes de pouvoir langagier? Langue(s) et identité dans la nouvelle économie, Langage et Société, 118, 5–16. 10.3917/ls.118.0005
    https://doi.org/10.3917/ls.118.0005 [Google Scholar]
  28. Herrero Muñoz-Cobo, B., El Azami Zailachi, O.
    (2017) La primavera del árabe marroquí. Frankfurt & Wien: Peter Lang. 10.3726/b12519
    https://doi.org/10.3726/b12519 [Google Scholar]
  29. Hoogland, J.
    (2014) Toward a standardized orthography of Moroccan Arabic based on best practices and common ground among a selection of authors. InEl Árabe marroqui de la oralidad a la escritura (pp.59–76). P. Santillan Grimm, L. M. Pérez & F. Moscoso García (Eds.). Cuenca: Publicaciones de la Universidad de Castilla la Mancha.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. (2013) L’arabe marocain, langue écrite. InEvolution des pratiques et des représentations langagières dans le Maroc du XXIème siècle (pp.175–189), M. Benítez Fernández, C. Miller, J. Jaap de Ruiter & Y. Tamir (Eds.), Paris: L’Harmattan.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Landry, R. & Bourhis, R.
    (1997) Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality: An empirical study, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 16, 23–49. 10.1177/0261927X970161002
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X970161002 [Google Scholar]
  32. Lee Hall, J.
    (2015) Debating darija: language ideology and the written representation of Moroccan Arabic in Morocco. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Michigan.
  33. Lefebvre, H.
    (1991) The Production of Space. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Marten, H., Van Mansel, L. & Gorter, D.
    (2012) Introduction. Studying Minority Languages in the Linguistic Landscape, InMarten, H., Van Mansel, L. & Gorter, D. (Eds.), Minority Languages in the Linguistic Landscape (pp.1–15). Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Martín Rojo, L.
    (2014) Taking over the Square: The Role of Linguistic Practices in Contesting Public Spaces. Journal of Language & Politics, 13 (1), 623–652. 10.1075/jlp.13.4.03mar
    https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.13.4.03mar [Google Scholar]
  36. Martín Rojo, L., Portillo, C.
    (2015) The transformation of urban space. Agency and constraints in a peripheral district in the post-industrial city of Madrid. AILA Review, 28, 72–102. 10.1075/aila.28.04mar
    https://doi.org/10.1075/aila.28.04mar [Google Scholar]
  37. Mehrez, S.
    (Ed.) (2012) Translating Egypt’s Revolution. The Language of Tahrir. Cairo & New York: The American University in Cairo Press. 10.5743/cairo/9789774165337.001.0001
    https://doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774165337.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  38. Miller, C.
    (2017) Contemporary dārija Writings in Morocco. Ideology and Practices. InJ. Høigilt & G. Mejdell (Eds.), The politics of written language in the Arab world (pp.90–115). Leiden/Boston: Brill. 10.1163/9789004346178_006
    https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004346178_006 [Google Scholar]
  39. (2012) Observations concernant la présence de l’arabe marocain dans la presse marocaine arabophone des années 2009–2010. InM. Meaouak, P. Sánchez & A. Vicente (Eds.), De los manuscritos medievales a internet: la presencia del árabe vernáculo en las fuentes escritas (pp.420–440). Zaragoza: Instituto de Estudios Islámicos y del Oriente Próximo.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Moscoso García, F.
    (2010) La pentaglosia en Marruecos. Propuestas para la estandarización del árabe marroquí. Miscelánea de Estudios Árabes e Hebraicos, 59. 45–61.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Moscoso García, F., & Moustaoui Srhir, A.
    (Eds.) (2017) Identidad y conciencia lingüística. VI Congreso de árabe marroquí. Madrid: UAM Ediciones. 10.15366/icl.arabemarroq2017
    https://doi.org/10.15366/icl.arabemarroq2017 [Google Scholar]
  42. Moustaoui Srhir, A.
    (2016) Sociolinguistics of Moroccan Arabic: New topics. Frankfurt & Wien: Peter Lang. doi:  10.3726/978‑3‑653‑06484‑1
    https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-653-06484-1 [Google Scholar]
  43. Mpendukana, S.
    (2014) Linguistic Landscapes, InZ. Bock, & G. Mheta (Eds.), Language, Society and Communication (pp.463–48). Pretoria: Van Schaik.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Pavlenko, A.
    (2009) Language Conflict in Post-Soviet Linguistic Landscapes. Journal of Slavic Linguistics, 17 [1/2], pp.247–274. 10.1353/jsl.0.0025
    https://doi.org/10.1353/jsl.0.0025 [Google Scholar]
  45. Robertson, R.
    (1995) Glocalization: time and space and homogeneity-heterogeneity. InM. Featherstone & R. Robertson (Eds.). Global Modernities (pp.1–24). London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage Publications. 10.4135/9781446250563.n2
    https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446250563.n2 [Google Scholar]
  46. Rudby, R., & Ben Said, S.
    (Eds.) (2015) Conflict, Exclusion and Dissent in Linguistic Landscape. London: Palgrave McMillan.
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Shohamy, E.
    (2015) LL research as expanding language and language policy, Linguistic Landscape, 1(1/2), 152–171. 10.1075/ll.1.1‑2.09sho
    https://doi.org/10.1075/ll.1.1-2.09sho [Google Scholar]
  48. Shohamy, E., & Gorter, D.
    (Eds.) (2009) Linguistic Landscape: Expanding the Scenery. New York: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Shohamy, E.
    (2006) Language policy: Hidden Agendas and New Approaches. New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9780203387962
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203387962 [Google Scholar]
  50. Spolsky, B.
    (2009) Language management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511626470
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511626470 [Google Scholar]
  51. Youssi, A.
    (2010) Can the Moroccans be made to read literature in darija? Reflections in the light of the translations of A. de St. Exupery’s Le petit Prince and S. T. Coleridge’s The Rime of the Ancient Marine. InB. Herrro Muñoz, F. Moscoso Garía, & L. Pérez Cañada (Eds.) Actas del IV Congreso árabe marroquí: más allá de la oralidad (pp.321–333). Almeria: Editorial Universidad de Almería.
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Ziamari, K., & Jaap de Ruiter, J.
    (2015) Les langues au Maroc: réalités, changement et évolutions linguistiques, InD. Dupret, Z. Rhani, A. Boutaleb, & J. N. Ferrié (Eds.), Le Maroc au présent: D’une époque á l’autre, une société en mutation (pp.441–462). Rabat: Centre Jacques-Berque. 10.4000/books.cjb.1068
    https://doi.org/10.4000/books.cjb.1068 [Google Scholar]
  53. Zouhir, A.
    (2013) Language situation and conflict in Morocco. InO. Orie and K. W. Sanders (Eds), Selected Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference on African Linguistics (pp.271–277). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Van Mensel, L., Vandenbroucke, M., & Blackwood, R.
    (2016) Linguistic Landscapes. InO. García, N. Flores & M. Spotti (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Language and Society (pp.423–449). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/ll.18008.mou
Loading
/content/journals/10.1075/ll.18008.mou
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error