1887
Volume 42, Issue 1
  • ISSN 0272-2690
  • E-ISSN: 1569-9889
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Abstract

This article, a case study in one group of communities of Nepal, considers minority language education in the face of increasing encroachment of the dominant and national language Nepali. Our over-arching research question asks, in the context of local education, what we can observe about the perceived value, use of, and competition between two local languages (Gurung, Gyalsumdo) and also between these languages and Nepali (the national language of Nepal) in the Manang District. We find persistent divisions amongst residents and educators about the current and future role of local languages.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/lplp.00003.hil
2018-04-24
2024-10-10
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Angdembe, T. M.
    (2013) Saving endangered languages via unnatural selection and utility theory. Contributions to Nepalese Studies, 39, 35–68.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Awasthi, L. D.
    (2004) Exploring monolingual school practices in multilingual Nepal. Ph.D. thesis, Danmarks Paedagogiske Universitet/Danish University of Education.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Belbase, S. , Chandra, L. , & Taylor, P.
    (2008) Autoethnography: A method of research and teaching for transformative education. Journal of Education and Research, 1(1), 86–95.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Centre for Research Education [CRED]
    Centre for Research Education [CRED] (2005) Mother tongue intervention at primary level, atwww.doe.gov.np/SoftAdmin/content/MOTHER_TONGUE_INTERVENTION_at_Primary_level2005_.pdf (2April 2006).
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Creswell, J.
    (2014) Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Los Angeles: Sage.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Davis, K. , & Phyak, P.
    (2015) In the face of neoliberal adversity: Engaging language education policy and practices. L2 Journal, 7(3), 146–166.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Dhakal, D. , Hildebrandt, K. , & Krim, J.
    (2016) Gyalsumdo: A community-based dictionary. Kirtipur, Nepal: Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Dewan, S.
    (2016) Opportunities and challenges. My Republica, atwww.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=72189 (21February 2016).
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Dunbar, R. , & Skutnabb-Kangas, T.
    (2008) Forms of education of indigenous children as crimes against humanity? Expert paper written for the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (PFII). New York: PFII. www.afn.ca/uploads/files/education2/indigenouschildrenseducation.pdf. AccessedApr 11, 2017.
  10. Eagle, S.
    (1999) The language situation in Nepal. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 20(4–5), 272–327.10.1080/01434639908666382
    https://doi.org/10.1080/01434639908666382 [Google Scholar]
  11. Fishman, J.
    (2006) Language policy and language shift. In T. Rincento (Ed.), An introduction to language policy: Theory and method (pp.311–328). Oxford: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. (Ed.) (2001) Can threatened languages be saved?Clevedon, U.K.: Multilingual Matters. 10.21832/9781853597060
    https://doi.org/10.21832/9781853597060 [Google Scholar]
  13. Gajurel, D.
    (2015) Socio-economic impacts of labor migration in Nepal. Nepal Polity Blog, atnepalpolity.com/?p=5515#sthash.ZCn4dzhh.dpbs. AccessedApr 11, 2017.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hildebrandt, K. , Dhakal, D. , Bond, O. , Vallejo, M. , & Fyffe, A.
    (2015) A sociolinguistic survey of the languages of Manang, Nepal: Co-existence and endangerment. NFDIN Journal, 14(6), 104–122.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hildebrandt, K. , & Hu, S.
    (2017) Areal analysis of language attitudes and practices: A case study from Nepal. Language Documentation and Conservation, 13, 152–179.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Hangen, S.
    (2009) The rise of ethnic politics in Nepal: Democracy in the margins. London: Routledge. 10.4324/9780203862056
    https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203862056 [Google Scholar]
  17. Hough, D. , Ram, B. , Thapa, M. , & Yonjan-Tamang, A.
    (2009) Privileging indigenous knowledges: Empowering multilingual education in Nepal. In T. Skutnabb-Kangas , R. Phillipson , A. Monhanty , and M. Bristol (Eds.), Social justice through multilingual education (pp.159–176). Bristol, UK.: Multilingual Matters. 10.21832/9781847691910‑012
    https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847691910-012 [Google Scholar]
  18. Kamat, R.
    (2016) Language commission formed: lav dev awasthi, regional administrator of central region, to be its chairperson. The Himalayan, atthehimalayantimes.com/nepal/language-commission-formed/ (7April 2017).
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kansakar, T. , Yadava, Y. , Chalise, K. , Balaram, P. , Dhakal, P. , & Paudel, K.
    (2011) A sociolinguistic study of the baram language. Himalayan Linguistics, 10(1), 187–226.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kukuczka, A.
    (2011) Negotiating ethnic identity in the Himalaya: The Tamang of Nepal. Südasian-Chronik (South Asia-Chronicle), 1, 393–437, atedoc.hu-berlin.de/suedasien/band-1/393/PDF/393.pdf (2April 2006) AccessedApr 11, 2017.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Language vitality and endangerment
    Language vitality and endangerment (2003) UNESCO Ad Hoc Expert Group on Endangered Languages, atunesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001836/183699E.pdf (2April 2006) AccessedApr 11, 2017.
  22. Lewis, P. , & Simons, G.
    (2010) Assessing endangerment: Expanding Fishman’s GIDS. Revue Roumaine de Linguistique, 55(2), 103–120.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Luitel, B. , & Taylor, P.
    (2007) The shanai, the pseudosphere, and other imaginings: Envisioning culturally contextualised mathematics education. Cultural Studies of Science Education, 2(3), 621–655.10.1007/s11422‑007‑9068‑7
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11422-007-9068-7 [Google Scholar]
  24. McCarty, T.
    (2014) Teaching the whole child: Language immersion and student achievement. Indian Country Today Media Network, atindiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2014/09/01/teaching-whole-child-language-immersion-and-student-achievement-156685 (13February 2016).
    [Google Scholar]
  25. McNiff, J. , & Whitehead, J.
    (2011) All you need to know about action research (2nd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Mills, G.
    (2010) Action research: A guide for the teacher researcher (4th ed.). New York: Pearson.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Ministry of Education
    Ministry of Education (2015) Education for all: National review report, 2001–2015. Kathmandu: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Ministry of Labor and Employment
    Ministry of Labor and Employment (2014) Labour migration for employment. Government of Nepal, athttps://asiafoundation.org/resources/pdfs/MigrationReportby​GovernmentofNepal.pdf (2April 2006) Accessed11 April 2017.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Phyak, P.
    (2013) Language ideologies and local languages as the medium-of-instruction policy: A critical ethnography of a multilingual school in Nepal. Current Issues in Language Planning, 14(1):127–143.10.1080/14664208.2013.775557
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2013.775557 [Google Scholar]
  30. Purdie, Nola , Frigo, T. , Ozolins, C. , Noblett, G. , Thieberger, N. , & Sharp, J.
    (2008) Indigenous languages programmes in Australian schools: A way forward. Camberwell: Australian Council for Educational Research.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Ragsdale, T.
    (1990) Once a hermit kingdom: Ethnicity, education, and national integration in Nepal. New Delhi: South Asia Books.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Rai, V. , Maya, R. , Phyak, P. & Nabina, R.
    (2011) Multilingual education in Nepal: Hearsay and reality?Kathamandu, Nepal: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Office.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Rich, A.
    (1994) Blood, bread, and poetry: Selected prose, 1979–1985. New York: W.W. Norton.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Shrestha, N. R.
    (2002) Global studies: Asia, Nepal and Bengladesh – A global studies handbook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Shrestha, B. , & Van den Hoek, B.
    (1995) Education in the mother tongue: The case of nepālbhāsā (newari). Contributions to Nepalese Studies, 22(1), 73–86.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. SIL
    SIL (2016) Lhomi community of Nepal prepares for multilingual preschool. SIL, Literacy and Education, atwww.sil.org/about/news/lhomi-community-nepal-prepares-multilingual-preschool (22February 2016).
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Snellgrove, D.
    (1961) Himalayan pilgrimage: A study of Tibetan religion by a traveller through western Nepal. Boston: Shambhala.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Sonntag, S.
    (1980) Language planning and policy in Nepal. ITL, 48, 70:92.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Taylor, S.
    (2010) Beyond bilingual education: Multilingual education in Nepal. GIST Education and Learning Research Journal, 4(1), 138–154.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Taylor, P. , Taylor, E. , & Luitel, B.
    (2012) Multi-paradigmatic transformative research as/for teacher education: An integral perspective. In B. Fraser , K. Tobin , & J. McRobbie (Eds), Second international handbook of science education (pp.373–387). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.10.1007/978‑1‑4020‑9041‑7_26
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9041-7_26 [Google Scholar]
  41. Thomas, B.
    (2005) Trekking in the Annapurna region (4th ed.). Surrey, UK: Trailblazer Publications.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Tumbahang, G.
    (2016) Situation of mother tongues In Nepal. The Rising Nepal, attherisingnepal.org.np/news/1826 (21February 2016).
    [Google Scholar]
  43. UNESCO
    UNESCO (2013) Atlas of the world’s languages in danger, atwww.unesco.org/languages-atlas/ (2April 2006) AccessedApr 11, 2017.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Weinberg, M.
    (2013) Revising history in language policy: The case of medium of instruction in Nepal. Working Papers in Educational Linguistics, 28(1), 61–80.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/lplp.00003.hil
Loading
/content/journals/10.1075/lplp.00003.hil
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error