1887
  1. Home
  2. e-Journals
  3. The Mental Lexicon
  4. Online First Articles
  5. Online First Article
image of Lexical and contextual emotional valence in foreign language vocabulary retention
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Abstract

Studies suggest that not only words per se but also surrounding contexts play significant roles in foreign language vocabulary retention. This study investigated how different conditions of lexical and contextual emotional valence differently affect foreign language vocabulary retention. The target words were either positive (LexVal+), neutral (LexVal=), or negative (LexVal−) in meaning. Each visually enhanced target word was embedded in a sentence either positive (CtxVal+), neutral (CtxVal=), or negative (CtxVal−) in meaning. Sentences with different combinations of lexical valence and contextual valence were presented in the Study Session, which were later incidentally recalled in the Test Session. It was revealed that positive and negative words were remembered more often than neutral words and that negative contexts resulted in better retention of the embedded words than neutral contexts. These findings are in accordance with the predictions of the emotionally enhanced memory, the Emotion-Involved Processing Hypothesis, and the role of affect in the Modular Cognition Framework. Further, even if the target item is not emotional, embedding it in emotional context may result in better retention, a finding with potential pedagogical implications. Interestingly, words embedded in emotionally congruent contexts were not learned better than those in incongruent contexts, a finding contrary to expectation. The result may be explainable via the Deep Epistemic Emotion Hypothesis, calling for more empirical study.

© John Benjamins Publishing Company
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/ml.23001.kan
2024-09-03
2024-09-15

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1075/ml.23001.kan
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. American Psychological Association
    American Psychological Association (2017) American Psychological Association ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. www.apa.org/ethics/code/
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Ayçiçeği, A., & Harris, C. L.
    (2004) Bilinguals’ recall and recognition of emotion words. Cognition and Emotion, (), –. 10.1080/02699930341000301
     https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930341000301 [Google Scholar]
  3. Ayçiçegi-Dinn, A., & Caldwell-Harris, C. L.
    (2009) Emotion-memory effects in bilingual speakers: A levels-of-processing approach. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, (), –. 10.1017/S1366728909990125
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728909990125 [Google Scholar]
  4. Bąk, H.
    (2016) Emotional prosody processing for non-native English speakers: Towards an integrative emotion paradigm. Springer. 10.1007/978‑3‑319‑44042‑2
     https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44042-2 [Google Scholar]
  5. Balota, D. A., Yap, M. J., Cortese, M. J., Hutchison, K. A., Kessler, B., Loftis, B., Neely, J. H., Nelson, D. L., Simpson, G. B., & Treiman, R.
    (2007) The English lexicon project. Behavior Research Methods, (), –. 10.3758/BF03193014
     https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193014 [Google Scholar]
  6. Bock, M., & Klinger, E.
    (1986) Interaction of emotion and cognition in word recall. Psychological Research, (), –. 10.1007/BF00309323
     https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00309323 [Google Scholar]
  7. Bowen, H. J., Kark, S. M., & Kensinger, E. A.
    (2018) NEVER forget: Negative emotional valence enhances recapitulation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, , –.10.3758/s13423‑017‑1313‑9
     https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1313-9 [Google Scholar]
  8. Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J.
    (1999) Affective norms for English words (ANEW): Instruction manual and affective ratings. Technical Report C-1, The Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida, Florida, FL.
  9. Citron, F. M. M., Weekes, B. S., & Ferstl, E. C.
    (2014) How are affective word ratings related to lexicosemantic properties?Applied Psycholinguistics, (), –. 10.1017/S0142716412000409
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716412000409 [Google Scholar]
  10. Coltheart, M.
    (1981) The MRC psycholinguistic database. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, (), –. 10.1080/14640748108400805
     https://doi.org/10.1080/14640748108400805 [Google Scholar]
  11. de Vignemont, F.
    (2021) Fifty shades of affective colouring of perception. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, (), –. 10.1080/00048402.2021.1965176
     https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2021.1965176 [Google Scholar]
  12. Dewaele, J. -M., & Pavlenko, A.
    (2002) Emotion vocabulary in interlanguage. Language Learning, (), –. 10.1111/0023‑8333.00185
     https://doi.org/10.1111/0023-8333.00185 [Google Scholar]
  13. Dorobish, S. A., & Walls, R. T.
    (2012) Encoding specificity in second language acquisition. TESOL Quarterly, (), –. 10.2307/3588012
     https://doi.org/10.2307/3588012 [Google Scholar]
  14. Dukes, D., Abrams, K., Adolphs, R., Ahmed, M. E., Beatty, A., Berridge, K. C., Broomhall, S., Brosch, T., Campos, J. J., Clay, Z., Clément, F., Cunningham, W. A., Damasio, A., Damasio, H., D’Arms, J., Davidson, J. W., de Gelder, B., Deonna, J., de Sousa, R., Ekman, P., Ellsworth, P. C., Fehr, E., Fischer, A., Foolen, A., Frevert, U., Grandjean, D., Gratch, J., Greenberg, L., Greenspan, P., Gross, J. J., Halperin, E., Kappas, A., Keltner, D., Knutson, B., Konstan, D., Kret, M. E., LeDoux, J. E., Lerner, J. S., Levenson, R. W., Loewenstein, G., Manstead, A. S. R., Maroney, T. A., Moors, A., Niedenthal, P., Parkinson, B., Pavlidis, I., Pelachaud, C., Pollak, S. D., Pourtois, G., Roettger-Roessler, B., Russell, J. A., Sauter, D., Scarantino, A., Scherer, K. R., Stearns, P., Stets, J. E., Tappolet, C., Teroni, F., Tsai, J., Turner, J., Van Reekum, C., Vuilleumier, P., Wharton, T., & Sander, D.
    (2021) The rise of affectivism. Nature Human Behaviour, (), –. 10.1038/s41562‑021‑01130‑8
     https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01130-8 [Google Scholar]
  15. Erk, S., Kiefer, M., Grothe, J., Wunderlich, A. P., Spitzer, M., & Walter, H.
    (2003) Emotional context modulates subsequent memory effect. Neuroimage, (), –. 10.1016/S1053‑8119(02)00015‑0
     https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-8119(02)00015-0 [Google Scholar]
  16. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. -G., & Buchner, A.
    (2007) G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavior, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, , –. 10.3758/BF03193146
     https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146 [Google Scholar]
  17. Ferré, P., García, T., Fraga, I., Sánchez-Casas, R., & Molero, M.
    (2010) Memory for emotional words in bilinguals: Do words have the same emotional intensity in the first and in the second language?Cognition and Emotion, (), –. 10.1080/02699930902985779
     https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930902985779 [Google Scholar]
  18. Ferré, P., Sánchez-Casas, R., & Fraga, I.
    (2013) Memory for emotional words in the first and the second language: Effects of the encoding task. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, (), –. 10.1017/S1366728912000314
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728912000314 [Google Scholar]
  19. Frances, C., de Bruin, A., & Duñabeitia, J. A.
    (2020a) The effects of language and emotionality of stimuli on vocabulary learning. PLoS ONE, (), e0240252. 10.1371/journal.pone.0240252
     https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240252 [Google Scholar]
  20. (2020b) The influence of emotional and foreign language context in content learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, (), –. 10.1017/S027226311900072X
     https://doi.org/10.1017/S027226311900072X [Google Scholar]
  21. Frank, D., & Kafkas, A.
    (2021) Expectation-driven novelty effects in episodic memory. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, , 107466. 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107466
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107466 [Google Scholar]
  22. Gerdes, A. B. M., Alpers, G. W., Braun, H., Köhler, S., Nowak, U., & Treiber, L.
    (2021) Emotional sounds guide visual attention to emotional pictures: An eye-tracking study with audio-visual stimuli. Emotion, (), –. 10.1037/emo0000729
     https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000729 [Google Scholar]
  23. Godden, D., & Baddeley, A.
    (1980) When does context influence recognition memory?British Journal of Psychology, , –. 10.1111/j.2044‑8295.1980.tb02735.x
     https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1980.tb02735.x [Google Scholar]
  24. Grant, H. M., Bredahl, L. C., Clay, J., Ferrie, J., Groves, J. E., McDorman, T. A., & Dark, V. J.
    (1998) Context-dependent memory for meaningful material: Information for students. Applied Cognitive Psychology, , –. 10.1002/(SICI)1099‑0720(1998120)12:6<617::AID‑ACP542>3.0.CO;2‑5
     https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(1998120)12:6<617::AID-ACP542>3.0.CO;2-5 [Google Scholar]
  25. Hao, S., Liang, L., Wang, J., Liu, H., & Chen, B.
    (2021) The effects of emotional context and exposure frequency on L2 contextual word learning. International Journal of Bilingualism, (), -. 10.1177/13670069211016540
     https://doi.org/10.1177/13670069211016540 [Google Scholar]
  26. Han, Z., Park, E. S., & Combs, C.
    (2008) Textual enhancement of input: Issues and possibilities. Applied Linguistics, (), –. 10.1093/applin/amn010
     https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amn010 [Google Scholar]
  27. Hartikainen, K. M.
    (2021) Emotion-attention interaction in the right hemisphere. Brain Sciences, , 1006. 10.3390/brainsci11081006
     https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081006 [Google Scholar]
  28. Hertel, P. T., & Parks, C.
    (2002) Emotional episodes facilitate word recall. Cognition & Emotion, (), –. 10.1080/02699930143000491
     https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930143000491 [Google Scholar]
  29. Hutchinson, J. B., & Barrett, L. F.
    (2019) The power of predictions: An emerging paradigm for psychological research. Current Directions in Psychological Science, (), –. 10.1177/0963721419831992
     https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721419831992 [Google Scholar]
  30. Immordino-Yang, M. H., Darling-Hammond, L., & Krone, C. R.
    (2019) Nurturing nature: How brain development is inherently social and emotional, and what this means for education. Educational Psychologist, (), –. 10.1080/00461520.2019.1633924
     https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2019.1633924 [Google Scholar]
  31. Itti, L., & Baldi, P.
    (2009) Bayesian surprise attracts human attention. Vision Research, (), –. 10.1016/j.visres.2008.09.007
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2008.09.007 [Google Scholar]
  32. Kamenická, J.
    (2021) Apple Tree Model of Emotion-Involved Processing. Proceedings of CBU in Social Sciences, , –. 10.12955/pss.v2.219
     https://doi.org/10.12955/pss.v2.219 [Google Scholar]
  33. Kanazawa, Y.
    (2016) Micro-level emotion as a factor of L2 vocabulary memory: The effect of lexical emotional valence on incidental recall performance. Language Education & Technology, , –. 10.24539/let.53.0_23
     https://doi.org/10.24539/let.53.0_23 [Google Scholar]
  34. (2020a) Emotion as “deeper” than cognition: Theoretical underpinnings and multidisciplinary lignes de faits to the Emotion-Involved Processing Hypothesis (EIPH). Kokusaigaku Kenkyu: Journal of International Studies, (), –. hdl.handle.net/10236/00028365
     [Google Scholar]
  35. (2020b) Micro-level emotion in shallow/perceptual processing: Testing the Deep Positivity Hypothesis on the valence-dependent difference for LX incidental lexical memory. Language Education & Technology, , –. 10.24539/let.57.0_1
     https://doi.org/10.24539/let.57.0_1 [Google Scholar]
  36. (2021) Do not (just) think, but (also) feel!: Empirical corroboration of Emotion-Involved Processing Hypothesis on foreign language lexical retention. SAGE Open, (), –. 10.1177/21582440211032153
     https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032153 [Google Scholar]
  37. (2024a, March17). A pseudo-autoethnographic inquiry into the type of emotions that accompanies learning at the first encounter [Roundtable presentation]. American Association for Applied Linguistics (AAAL) 2024 Conference, Houston, TX. https://researchmap.jp/yu-kanazawa/symposium2024-06
     [Google Scholar]
  38. (2024b) Deep and active integrated classroom activity that fosters 21st century skills [Keynote lecture]. Proceedings of the Japan Association for Language Education and Technology Kansai Chapter 2024 Spring Conference, . LET Kansai. https://researchmap.jp/yu-kanazawa/keynote2024-05
     [Google Scholar]
  39. (2024c) Emotional epistemicity: Epistemic emotion as an affective dimension [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the 32nd Conference of the Japan Society for Research on Emotions, . JSRE. https://researchmap.jp/yu-kanazawa/epistemicity
     [Google Scholar]
  40. (2024d) The free energy principle and its implications to language learning and education: 4E cognition, prediction, accuracy-complexity trade-off, intrinsic motivation via epistemic emotions, 4 skills. Memoirs of Graduate School of Humanities, Osaka University, , –. 10.18910/94802
     https://doi.org/10.18910/94802 [Google Scholar]
  41. Kráľová, Z., Kamenická, J., & Tirpáková, A.
    (2022) Positive emotional stimuli in teaching foreign language vocabulary. System, , . 10.1016/j.system.2021.102678
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2021.102678 [Google Scholar]
  42. Kryuchkova, T., Tucker, B. V., Wurm, L. H., & Baayen, R. H.
    (2012) Danger and usefulness are detected early in auditory lexical processing: Evidence from electroencephalography. Brain and Language, (), –. 10.1016/j.bandl.2012.05.005
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2012.05.005 [Google Scholar]
  43. Kuperberg, G. R.
    (2016) Separate streams or probabilistic inference?Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, (), –. 10.1080/23273798.2015.1130233
     https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2015.1130233 [Google Scholar]
  44. Kuperberg, G. R., & Florian Jaeger, T.
    (2016) What do we mean by prediction in language comprehension?Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, (), –. 10.1080/23273798.2015.1102299
     https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2015.1102299 [Google Scholar]
  45. Kutas, M., & Federmeier, K. D.
    (2011) Thirty years and counting: Finding meaning in the N400 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP). Annual Review of Psychology, , –. 10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.131123
     https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.131123 [Google Scholar]
  46. Kutas, M., & Hillyard, S. A.
    (1980) Reading senseless sentences: Brain potentials reflect semantic incongruity. Science, (), –. 10.1126/science.7350657
     https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7350657 [Google Scholar]
  47. Louw, B.
    (2000) Contextual prosodic theory: Bringing semantic prosodies to life. InHeffer, C., H. Sauntson, & G. Fox (Eds.), Words in context: A tribute to John Sinclair on his retirement (pp.–). University of Birmingham.
     [Google Scholar]
  48. MacMillan, M. B., Field, H. R., Neath, I., & Surprenant, A. M.
    (2022) Valence does not affect recognition. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, (), –. 10.1037/cep0000275
     https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000275 [Google Scholar]
  49. Majerus, S., & D’Argembeau, A.
    (2011) Verbal short-term memory reflects the organization of long-term memory. Journal of Memory and Language, (), –. 10.1016/j.jml.2010.10.003
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.10.003 [Google Scholar]
  50. Mandler, G.
    (1980) Recognizing: The judgment of previous occurrence. Psychological Review, (), –. 10.1037/0033‑295X.87.3.252
     https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.87.3.252 [Google Scholar]
  51. Mayer, J. D., Gayle, M., Meehan, M. E., & Haarman, A. -K.
    (1990) Toward better specification of the mood-congruency effect in recall. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, (), –. 10.1016/0022‑1031(90)90051‑M
     https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(90)90051-M [Google Scholar]
  52. McEnery, T., Xiao, R., & Tono, Y.
    (2006) Corpus-based language studies: An advanced resource book. Routledge.
     [Google Scholar]
  53. McLean, S., Stewart, J., & Batty, A. O.
    (2020) Predicting L2 reading proficiency with modalities of vocabulary knowledge. Language Testing, (), –. 10.1177/0265532219898380
     https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532219898380 [Google Scholar]
  54. Menenti, L., Petersson, K. M., Scheeringa, R., & Hagoort, P.
    (2009) When elephants fly: Differential sensitivity of right and left inferior frontal gyri to discourse and world knowledge. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, (), –. 10.1162/jocn.2008.21163
     https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.21163 [Google Scholar]
  55. Mestres-Missé, A., Rodriguez-Fornells, A., & Münte, T. F.
    (2007) Watching the brain during meaning acquisition. Cerebral Cortex, (), –. 10.1093/cercor/bhl094
     https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhl094 [Google Scholar]
  56. Mizumoto, A.
    (2021) New Word Level Checker [Web application]. https://nwlc.pythonanywhere.com/
     [Google Scholar]
  57. Nerantzaki, K., Efklides, A., & Metallidou, P.
    (2021) Epistemic emotions: Cognitive underpinnings and relations with metacognitive feelings. New Ideas in Psychology, , 100904. 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2021.100904
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2021.100904 [Google Scholar]
  58. Niedenthal, P. M., & Setterlund, M. B.
    (1994) Emotion congruence in perception. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, (), –. 10.1177/0146167294204007
     https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167294204007 [Google Scholar]
  59. Osgood, C. E.
    (1969) On the whys and wherefores of E, P, and A. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (), –. 10.1037/h0027715
     https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027715 [Google Scholar]
  60. Oyama, R.
    (2020) The effects of affective input enhancement on second language development in Japanese university students. The Journal of Asia TEFL, (), –. 10.18823/asiatefl.2020.17.1.1.1
     https://doi.org/10.18823/asiatefl.2020.17.1.1.1 [Google Scholar]
  61. Palombo, D. J., Elizur, L., Tuen, Y. J., Te, A. A., & Madan, C. R.
    (2021) Transfer of negative valence in an episodic memory task. Cognition, , 104874. 10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104874
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104874 [Google Scholar]
  62. Parr, T., Pezzulo, G., & Friston, K. J.
    (2022) Active inference: The free energy principle in mind, brain, and behavior. The MIT Press. 10.7551/mitpress/12441.001.0001
     https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/12441.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  63. Pekrun, R.
    (2011) Emotions as drivers of learning and cognitive development. InR. A. Calvo, & D. K. D’Mello (Eds.), New perspectives on affect and learning technologies (pp.–). Springer. 10.1007/978‑1‑4419‑9625‑1_3
     https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9625-1_3 [Google Scholar]
  64. Pekrun, R., Vogl, E., Muis, K. R., & Sinatra, G. M.
    (2017) Measuring emotions during epistemic activities: The Epistemically-Related Emotion Scales. Cognition and Emotion, (), –. 10.1080/02699931.2016.1204989
     https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2016.1204989 [Google Scholar]
  65. Rozin, P., & Royzman, E. B.
    (2001) Negativity bias, negativity dominance, and contagion. Personality and Social Psychology Review, (), –. 10.1207/S15327957PSPR0504_2
     https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0504_2 [Google Scholar]
  66. Russell, J. A., & Mehrabian, A.
    (1977) Evidence for a three-factor theory of emotions. Journal of Research in Personality, (), –. 10.1016/0092‑6566(77)90037‑X
     https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(77)90037-X [Google Scholar]
  67. Sasao, Y., & Webb, S.
    (2018) The guessing from context test. ITL — International Journal of Applied Linguistics, (), –. 10.1075/itl.00009.sas
     https://doi.org/10.1075/itl.00009.sas [Google Scholar]
  68. Schmitt, N.
    (2000) Vocabulary in language teaching. Cambridge University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  69. Seth, A. K., & Friston, K. J.
    (2016) Active interoceptive inference and the emotional brain. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, , 20160007. 10.1098/rstb.2016.0007
     https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0007 [Google Scholar]
  70. Sharwood Smith, M.
    (2017) Introducing language and cognition: A map of the mind. Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/9781316591505
     https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316591505 [Google Scholar]
  71. (2021) Internal context, language acquisition and multilingualism. Second Language Research, (), –. 10.1177/0267658319877673
     https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658319877673 [Google Scholar]
  72. (2024) The place of language in multimodal communication in humans and other primates. Cognitive Systems Research, , 101205. 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101205
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101205 [Google Scholar]
  73. Sharwood Smith, M. & Truscott, J.
    (2014) Multilingual mind: A modular processing perspective. Cambridge University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  74. Snefjella, B., & Kuperman, V.
    (2016) It’s all in the delivery: Effects of context valence, arousal, and concreteness on visual word processing. Cognition, , –. 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.07.010
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.07.010 [Google Scholar]
  75. Snefjella, B., Lana, N., & Kuperman, V.
    (2020) How emotion is learned: Semantic learning of novel words in emotional contexts. Journal of Memory and Language, , 104171. 10.1016/j.jml.2020.104171
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104171 [Google Scholar]
  76. Stahl, A. E., & Feigenson, L.
    (2017) Expectancy violations promote learning in young children. Cognition, , –. 10.1016/j.cognition.2017.02.008
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2017.02.008 [Google Scholar]
  77. Talmi, D., & McGarry, L. M.
    (2012) Accounting for immediate emotional memory enhancement. Journal of Memory and Language, (), –. 10.1016/j.jml.2011.07.009
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2011.07.009 [Google Scholar]
  78. Truscott, J.
    (2015) Consciousness and second language learning. Multilingual Matters.
     [Google Scholar]
  79. Truscott, J., & Sharwood Smith, M.
    (2019) The internal context of bilingual processing and acquisition. John Benjamins Publishing Company. 10.1075/bpa.8
     https://doi.org/10.1075/bpa.8 [Google Scholar]
  80. Vogl, E., Pekrun, R., Murayama, K., Loderer, K., & Schubert, S.
    (2019) Surprise, curiosity, and confusion promote knowledge exploration: Evidence for robust effects of epistemic emotions. Frontiers in Psychology, , 2474. 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02474
     https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02474 [Google Scholar]
  81. Vogl, E., Pekrun, R., Murayama, K., & Loderer, K.
    (2020) Surprised-curious-confused: Epistemic emotions and knowledge exploration. Emotion, (), –. 10.1037/emo0000578
     https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000578 [Google Scholar]
  82. Webb, S.
    (2008) The effects of context on incidental vocabulary learning. Reading in a Foreign Language, (), –. 10125/66826
     https://doi.org/10125/66826 [Google Scholar]
  83. Webb, S., & Nation, P.
    (2017) How vocabulary is learned. Oxford University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  84. Westfall, J., Kenny, D. A., & Judd, C. M.
    (2014) Statistical power and optimal design in experiments in which samples of participants respond to samples of stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, (), –. 10.1037/xge0000014
     https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000014 [Google Scholar]
  85. Winter, B.
    (2019) Sensory linguistics: Language, perception and metaphor. John Benjamins Publishing Company. 10.1075/celcr.20
     https://doi.org/10.1075/celcr.20 [Google Scholar]
  86. Wood, S. N.
    (2017) Generalized additive models: An introduction with R (2nd edition). CRC Press. 10.1201/9781315370279
     https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315370279 [Google Scholar]
  87. Wurm, L. H.
    (2007) Danger and usefulness: An alternative framework for understanding rapid evaluation effects in perception?Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, (), –. 10.3758/BF03193116
     https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193116 [Google Scholar]
  88. Yokokawa, H.
    (2009) Nihonjin eigo gakushusya no eitango shinmitsudo [Familiarity of English words for Japanese EFL learners]. Kurosio Publishers.
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/ml.23001.kan
Loading
Lexical and contextual emotional valence in foreign language vocabulary retention
John Benjamins ; https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.23001.kan
/content/journals/10.1075/ml.23001.kan
/content/journals/10.1075/ml.23001.kan
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keywords: foreign language ; congruency ; vocabulary ; epistemic emotions ; emotional context ; valence ; recall memory ; emotion ; contextual word retention

Most Cited

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error