1887
  1. Home
  2. e-Journals
  3. NOWELE. North-Western European Language Evolution
  4. Volume 77, Issue 2
  5. Article
Volume 77, Issue 2
  • ISSN 0108-8416
  • E-ISSN: 2212-9715
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Abstract

This article welcomes the recent proposal of Michael Schulte (2024) for a periodisation of early North Germanic, while pointing out problematic premises and criteria for the delimitation of the proposed subperiods. It is argued that in delimiting linguistic periods there is more to gain than lose for the clarity of scholarly argument if preference is given to linguistic rather than graphemic or socio-cultural criteria, even if it means that reconstructed, rather than ambiguously attested features, are given preference. The relevant chapter of a recent book by Nelson Goering (2023) is also reviewed to cast light on the syncope era. Elements and insights are proposed for a periodisation and labelling of early North Germanic suited for discussion on diachronic structural change.

© 2024 John Benjamins Publishing Company
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/nowele.00089.sch
2024-12-03
2025-01-20

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1075/nowele.00089.sch
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Antonsen, E. H.
    1975 A concise grammar of the Older Runic inscriptions: Tübingen: Niemeyer. 10.1515/9783111411583
     https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111411583 [Google Scholar]
  2. 1994 The earliest attested Germanic language, revisited. NOWELE231. 41–68. 10.1075/nowele.23.02ant
     https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.23.02ant [Google Scholar]
  3. 1998 On runological and linguistic evidence for dating runic inscriptions. InK. Düwel & S. Nowak (eds.). Runeninschriften als Quellen interdisziplinärer Forschung: Abhandlungen des Vierten Internationalen Symposiums über Runen und Runeninschriften in Göttingen vom 4.-9. August 1995 = Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions in Göttingen, 4–9 August 1995, 150–159. Berlin: De Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110821901.150
     https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110821901.150 [Google Scholar]
  4. Bammesberger, A.
    2008 Runic names in -warijaz. NOWELE531. 13–18. 10.1075/nowele.53.02bam
     https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.53.02bam [Google Scholar]
  5. Bandle, O.
    2002 Diachrony and synchrony in Nordic language history. InO. Bandle (eds.) 2002 The Nordic languages. An international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages. Volume 1, 25–30. Berlin: De Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. 2011 Die Gliederung des Nordgermanischen. Reprint der Erstauflage mit einer Einführung von Kurt Braunmüller. (Beiträge zur Nordischen Philologie, 47). Tübingen und Basel: A. Francke Verlag.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Bandle, O.
    (eds.) 2002 The Nordic languages. An international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages. Volume 1. Berlin: De Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Barnes, M. P.
    1998 The transitional inscriptions. InK. Düwel & S. Nowak (eds.). Runeninschriften als Quellen interdisziplinärer Forschung: Abhandlungen des Vierten Internationalen Symposiums über Runen und Runeninschriften in Göttingen vom 4.-9. August 1995 = Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions in Göttingen, 4–9 August 1995, 448–461. Berlin: De Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110821901.448
     https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110821901.448 [Google Scholar]
  9. 2004 Spirant denotation by younger fuþark b. InA. van Nahl, L. Elmevik & S. Brink (eds.), Namenwelten. Orts- und Personennamen in historischer Sicht, 605–614. Berlin: De Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110911473.605
     https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110911473.605 [Google Scholar]
  10. Birkmann, T.
    1995 Von Ågedal bis Malt. Die skandinavischen Runeninschriften vom Ende des 5. bis Ende des 9. Jahrhunderts. Berlin: De Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110893298
     https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110893298 [Google Scholar]
  11. 2002 From Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic: definition and delimitation of the period. InO. Bandle (eds.) 2002 The Nordic languages. An international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages. Volume 1, 691–698. Berlin: De Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Boutkan, D.
    1995 The Germanic ‘Auslautgesetze’. Amsterdam: Rodopi. 10.1163/9789004653726
     https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004653726 [Google Scholar]
  13. Bull, T. & M. Schulte
    2018 Forord til verket. InH. Sandøy & A. Nesse (eds.), Norsk språkhistorie: Tidslinjer, 7–11. Oslo: Novus.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. ‘Category: Old Swedish language’ 2024 Wikipedia. Available athttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Old_Swedish_language
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Fairfax, E.
    2015 The runic inscription from the Nydam axehandle. NOWELE681. 153–181. 10.1075/nowele.68.2.02fai
     https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.68.2.02fai [Google Scholar]
  16. Fulk, R. D.
    2018 A Comparative grammar of the early Germanic languages. Amsterdam: Benjamins. 10.1075/sigl.3
     https://doi.org/10.1075/sigl.3 [Google Scholar]
  17. Goering, N.
    2023 Prosody in Medieval English and Norse. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.5871/bacad/9780197267462.001.0001
     https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197267462.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  18. Grønvik, O.
    1987 Fra Ågedal til Setre. Sentrale runeinnskrifter fra det 6. Århundre. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. 1998 Untersuchungen zur älteren nordischen und germanischen Sprachgeschichte. Frankfurt am Main etc: Peter Lang.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Haugen, E. I.
    1976 The Scandinavian languages: An introduction to their history. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. 1982 Scandinavian language structures: A comparative historical survey. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Haugen, O. E.
    2012 Frå urnordisk til norrønt språk. Arbeidsmanuskript 30. desember 2012. Retrieved fromfolk.uib.no/hnooh/handbok/ekstra/urnordisk.html
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Jørgensen, B.
    2016 Sproghistoriske perioder. InE. Hjorth (eds), Dansk Sproghistorie 1. Dansk tager form, 79–83. Copenhagen & Aarhus: Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab & Aarhus Universitetsforlag.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Kallio, P.
    2012 The prehistoric Germanic loanword strata in Finnic. InR. Grünthal & P. Kallio (eds.), A linguistic map of prehistoric Northern Europe, 225–238. Helsinki: Société Finno-Ougrienne.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Karker, A.
    1996 Politikens sproghistorie. Udviklingslinjer før nudansk — Lydhistorie, bøjningshistorie, syntakshistorie og ordhistorie. Århus: Politikens Forlag.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Kiparsky, P.
    2009 Syncope, umlaut, and prosodic structure in early Germanic. Manuscript, Stanford University. Retrieved fromhttps://web.stanford.edu/~kiparsky/Papers/weakpreterite.2006b.pdf
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Kuhn, H.
    1955 Zur Gliederung der germansichen Sprachen. Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum unddeutsche Literatur861. 1–47.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Luobbal Sámmol Sámmol, Á. (Aikio, A.
    ) 2020 Loanwords from Unattested Nordic Source Forms in Saami. Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen651. 5–24. 10.33339/fuf.87404
     https://doi.org/10.33339/fuf.87404 [Google Scholar]
  29. Myrvoll, K.-J.
    2012 Framvoksteren av sterkt hokyn frå urnordisk til norrønt. InJ. O. Askedal, T. Schmidt, R. Theil & H. Bjorvand (eds.), Germansk filologi og norske ord: festskrift til Harald Bjorvand på 70-årsdagen den 30. juli 2012, 16–32. Oslo: Novus Forlag.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. 2022 [Rezension von] Schulte 2018a. InFuthark 12 (2021, publ. 2022), 183–197. 10.33063/diva‑491890
     https://doi.org/10.33063/diva-491890 [Google Scholar]
  31. Nedoma, R.
    2010 Kleine Grammatik des Altisländischen. 31. Aufl.Heidelberg: Winter.
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Nesse, A.
    2018 Periodeinndeling, kildetilfang og språkhistoriske innfallsvinkler. InH. Sandøy & A. Nesse (eds.), Norsk språkhistorie: Tidslinjer, 33–49. Oslo: Novus.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. NSH IV = Sandøy, H. & A. Nesse
    (eds.) 2018 Norsk språkhistorie: Tidslinjer. Oslo: Novus.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Nielsen, H. F.
    2000 The early runic language of Scandinavia: studies in Germanic dialect geography. Heidelberg: Winter.
     [Google Scholar]
  35. 2002 Delimitation of Ancient Nordic from Common Germanic and Old Nordic. InO. Bandle, (eds.) 2002 The Nordic languages. An international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages. Volume 1, 615–618. Berlin: De Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  36. 2012 Gothic runic inscriptions in Scandinavia?Futhark21. 51–61.
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Ralph, B.
    1980 Urnordisk slutljudsskärpning. Arkiv för Nordisk Filologi951.1–24.
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Riad, T.
    1992 Structures in Germanic prosody. A diachronic study with special reference to the Nordic languages. Ph.D. dissertation. Stockholm: Dept. of Scandinavian languages, Stockholm University. https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Asu%3Adiva-14475
  39. Ringe, D.
    2006 From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic. A Linguistic history of English, Volume I. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199284139.001.0001
     https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199284139.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  40. Rischel, J.
    2008 A Unified Theory of Nordic i-Umlaut, Syncope and Stød. NOWELE54/551. 191–235. 10.1075/nowele.54‑55.06ris
     https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.54-55.06ris [Google Scholar]
  41. Schalin, J.
    2017 Scandinavian umlaut and contrastive feature hierarchies. NOWELE701. 171–254. 10.1075/nowele.70.2.03sch
     https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.70.2.03sch [Google Scholar]
  42. 2018 Preliterary Scandinavian sound change viewed from the east: Umlaut remodelled and language contact revisited. Summarising chapter of compilation thesis, Helsinki: Helsinki University. urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-51-4387-7
     [Google Scholar]
  43. 2021 Nordic umlaut, contrastive features and stratal phonology. InNordlyd45.1, selected papers from the fifth Fonologi i Norden Meeting, edited byIslam Youssef and Miguel Vázquez-Larruscaín, 7–37. 10.7557/12.6249
     https://doi.org/10.7557/12.6249 [Google Scholar]
  44. 2024 North Germanic labiovelar breaking — reconstructing the phonological conditions. Presentation given on24 February 2024 at the conference Fonologi i Norden (FiNo2024), Stockholm. 10.13140/RG.2.2.21465.49762/1
     https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.21465.49762/1 [Google Scholar]
  45. Schmidt, Ch. G., R. Nedoma & K. Düwel
    2012 Die Runeninschrift auf dem Kamm von Frienstedt, Stadt Erfurt. Die Sprache49(2) (2010/2011) 123–186. 10.13173/SPR.49.2.123
     https://doi.org/10.13173/SPR.49.2.123 [Google Scholar]
  46. Schulte, M.
    1998 Grundfragen der Umlautphonemisierung. Eine strukturelle Analyse des nordgermanischen i/j-Umlauts unter Berücksichtigung der älteren Runeninschriften. Berlin: De Gruyter. 10.1515/9783110801781
     https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110801781 [Google Scholar]
  47. 2018a Urnordisch. Eine Einführung. Wiener Studien zur Skandinavistik 26. Wien: Praesens-Verlag.
     [Google Scholar]
  48. 2018b Vikingtiden (700–1050). InH. Sandøy & A. Nesse (eds.), Norsk språkhistorie: Tidslinjer, 119–196. Oslo: Novus.
     [Google Scholar]
  49. 2024 Stationen der frühen nordgermanischen Sprachgeschichte: Zu einer neuen Periodisierung des Urnordischen. NOWELE77(1). 49–80. 10.1075/nowele.00084.sch
     https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00084.sch [Google Scholar]
  50. Schulte, M. & H. Williams
    2018 Den eldste tiden (–700). InH. Sandøy & A. Nesse (eds.), Norsk språkhistorie: Tidslinjer, 51–117. Oslo: Novus.
     [Google Scholar]
  51. Skomedal, T.
    1980 Syncope, omlyd og brytning i nordisk. InE. Hovdhaugen (ed.), The Nordic languages and modern linguistics: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of Nordic and General Linguistics in Oslo 1980, 120–139. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
     [Google Scholar]
  52. Skre, D.
    2022 Scandinavian kingship AD 500–1000. InB. Ludowici & H. Pöppelmann (eds.), New Narratives for the First Millennium AD? : Alte und neue Perspektiven der archäologischen Forschung zum 1. Jahrtausend n. Chr. (Neue Studien zur Sachsenforschung 11), 117–131. 10.24355/dbbs.084‑202301131148‑0
     https://doi.org/10.24355/dbbs.084-202301131148-0 [Google Scholar]
  53. ‘Spoken L1 Language: Old Norse’ 2024 Glottalog 5.0. https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/oldn1244
  54. Syrett, M.
    1994 The unaccented vowels of Proto-Norse. Odense: Odense University Press. 10.1075/nss.11
     https://doi.org/10.1075/nss.11 [Google Scholar]
  55. Venås, K.
    2002 Previous attempts at establishing periods in Nordic language history. InO. Bandle (eds.) 2002 The Nordic languages. An international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages. Volume 1, 31–37. Berlin: De Gruyter.
     [Google Scholar]
  56. Voyles, J. B.
    1992 Early Germanic grammar: pre-, proto-, and post-Germanic languages. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 10.1163/9789004657236
     https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004657236 [Google Scholar]
  57. Widmark, G.
    2004 [2001] Det språk som blev vårt: ursprung och utveckling i svenskan: urtid, runtid, riddartid (reprint with minor corrections of 1. ed. from 2001). Uppsala: Kungl. Gustav Adolfs akademien för svensk folkkultur.
     [Google Scholar]
  58. Zilmer, K. & K. Vasshus
    2023 Runic Fragments from the Svingerud Grave Field in Norway: Earliest Datable Evidence of Runic Writing on Stone. NOWELE76(2). 233–303. 10.1075/nowele.00080.zil
     https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00080.zil [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/nowele.00089.sch
Loading
On the periodisation of early North Germanic
NOWELE. North-Western European Language Evolution 77, 168 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00089.sch
/content/journals/10.1075/nowele.00089.sch
/content/journals/10.1075/nowele.00089.sch
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article

Most Cited

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error