1887
Volume 13, Issue 2
  • ISSN 1018-2101
  • E-ISSN: 2406-4238

Abstract

This study looks into one context of Formulaic Speech (FS) usage: The partial L2 immersion class. It tries to define and classify FS according to Raupach’s contextual list (1984) and lexical criteria as well as differentiating it from creative speech. FS is presented mostly as a pragmatic concept challenging the usual conceptions of language acquisition as an analytical process. Also challenged is the idea that language production is based on analysis of the input followed by production out of parsed output. In a Second Language Acquisition perspective, FS is shown as being a temporary stage of acquisition which, among other aspects, enables the speaker to reach idiomaticity in his or her L2 and thereby efficient communication with native speakers.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/prag.13.2.02gir
2003-01-01
2024-12-05
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Aijmer, K
    (1998) Conversational Routines in English. London: Longman.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Arnaud, P. , & H. Bejoint
    (1992) Vocabulary in Applied Linguistics. London: MacMillan.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bachman, L.F
    (1990) Fundamental Considerations in Language Testing. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Baigent, M
    (1996) Speaking in Chunks: An investigation into the use of multi-word phrases in spoken language by advanced learners of English. MSc Thesis in Teaching English, Aston University. www.les.aston.ac.uk/lsu/diss/m.baigent.html
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Bohn, O
    (1986) Formulas, frame structures, and stereotypes in early syntactic development: Some new evidence from L2 acquisition. Linguistics24: 185-202. doi: 10.1515/ling.1986.24.1.185
    https://doi.org/10.1515/ling.1986.24.1.185 [Google Scholar]
  6. Bolinger, D
    (1975) Meaning and memory. Forum Linguisticum1: 2-14.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bygate, M
    (1988) Units of oral expression and language learning in small group interaction. Applied Linguistics 9.1: 59-82. doi: 10.1093/applin/9.1.59
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/9.1.59 [Google Scholar]
  8. Clark, R
    (1974) Performing without competence. Journal of Child Language1: 1-10. doi: 10.1017/S0305000900000040
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000900000040 [Google Scholar]
  9. Corder, S.P
    (1967) The significance of learners’ errors. International Review of Applied Linguistics5: 161-9. doi: 10.1515/iral.1967.5.1‑4.161
    https://doi.org/10.1515/iral.1967.5.1-4.161 [Google Scholar]
  10. Coulmas, F
    (1979) On the sociolinguistic relevance of routine formulae. Journal of Pragmatics3: 239-266. doi: 10.1016/0378‑2166(79)90033‑X
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(79)90033-X [Google Scholar]
  11. (1981) Conversational routine: Explorations in standardized communicative situations and prepatterned speech. The Hague: Mouton.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Cowie, A
    (ed.) (1994) Phraseology: Theory, analysis and applications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Cruttenden, A
    (1981) Item-learning and system-learning. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research10: 79-88. doi: 10.1007/BF01067363
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01067363 [Google Scholar]
  14. Dulay, H. , & M. Burt
    (1075) A new approach to discovering universals of child second language acquisition. In D. Dato (ed.), Developmental psycholinguistics (Monograph Series on Language and Linguistics) 1977 Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, pp. 209-233.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Ellis, R
    (1994) The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Ervin-Tripp, S
    (1973) Some strategies for the first two years. In A. Dil (ed.), Language Acquisition and Communicative Choice. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Hakuta, K
    (1974) Prefabicated patterns and the emergence of structure in second language acquisition. Language Learning24: 297-297. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑1770.1974.tb00509.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1974.tb00509.x [Google Scholar]
  18. Hatch, E.M
    (1972) Some studies in language learning. UCLA Workpapers on Teaching English as a Second Language6: 29-36.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. (1983) Psycholinguistics. A second language perspective. Rowley, Mass.: Newbury House.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kecskes, I
    (2000) A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics 32.6: 605-625. doi: 10.1016/S0378‑2166(99)00063‑6
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(99)00063-6 [Google Scholar]
  21. Kiefer, K
    (1985) How to account for situational meaning?Quaderni di Semantica2.85: 288-295.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. (1996) Bound utterances. Language Sciences18.1-2: 575-587. doi: 10.1016/0388‑0001(96)00035‑6
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0388-0001(96)00035-6 [Google Scholar]
  23. Klein, W
    (1986) Second Language Acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511815058
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815058 [Google Scholar]
  24. Krashen, S. , & R. Scarcella
    (1978) On routines and patterns in second language acquisition and performance. Language Learning28: 283-300. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑1770.1978.tb00135.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1978.tb00135.x [Google Scholar]
  25. Larsen-Freeman, D. , & M.H. Long
    (1991) An introduction to second language acquisition research. London: Longman.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Lyons, J
    (1968) Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139165570
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139165570 [Google Scholar]
  27. Miller, J. , & R. Weinert
    (1998) Spontaneous Spoken Language. Syntax and Discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Nattinger, J. , & J. De Carrico
    (1992) Lexical Phrases and Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Nemser, W
    (1971) Approximate systems of foreign language learners. International Review of Applied Linguistics9: 115-123. doi: 10.1515/iral.1971.9.2.115
    https://doi.org/10.1515/iral.1971.9.2.115 [Google Scholar]
  30. Pawley, A. , & F.H. Syder
    (1983) Two puzzles for linguistic theory: Native-like selection and native-like fluency. In J.C. Richards & R.W. Schmidt (eds.), Language and Communication. London: Longman, pp. 191- 226.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Peters, A.M
    (1976) Language learning strategies: Does the whole equal the sum of the parts?Language53: 560-573. doi: 10.2307/413177
    https://doi.org/10.2307/413177 [Google Scholar]
  32. (1983) The units of language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Radford, A
    (1997) Syntactic theory and the structure of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139166706
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139166706 [Google Scholar]
  34. (1998) Syntactic Theory and the Acquisition of English Syntax. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Raupach, M
    (1984)  Formulae in Second Language Production . In H. Dechert , et al . (eds.), Second Language Productions. Tübingen: Narr.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Rescoria, L. , & S. Okuda
    (1987) Modular patterns in second language acquisition. Applied Psycholinguistics8: 281-308. doi: 10.1017/S014271640000031X
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S014271640000031X [Google Scholar]
  37. Selinker, L
    (1972) Interlanguage. Interlanguage Review of Applied Linguistics10: 209-231.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Skehan, P
    (1998) A Cognitive Approach to Language learning. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Taylor, J.R
    (1989) Lexical Categorization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Wagner-Gough, J
    (1975) Comparative studies in second language learning. CAL ERIC/CLL Series on Languages and Linguistics 26.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Weinert, R
    (1995) The role of formulaic language in second language acquisition: A review. Applied Linguistics 16.2: 180-205. doi: 10.1093/applin/16.2.180
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/16.2.180 [Google Scholar]
  42. Widdowson
    (1979) Explorations in Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Wong-Fillmore, L
    (1982) The second time around: Cognitive and social strategies in SLA. Language Learning32: 53-68. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑1770.1982.tb00518.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1982.tb00518.x [Google Scholar]
  44. Wray, A
    (2000) Formulaic sequences in second language teaching: Principle and practice. Applied Linguistics 21.4: 463-489. doi: 10.1093/applin/21.4.463
    https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/21.4.463 [Google Scholar]
  45. (2002) Formulaic Language and the Lexicon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511519772
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511519772 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/prag.13.2.02gir
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error