1887
Volume 20, Issue 3
  • ISSN 1018-2101
  • E-ISSN: 2406-4238

Abstract

This article investigates forms of address, in particular the T/V distinction in German, in conversational interviews with German-speaking immigrants to English-speaking Canada and their descendants. From among 77 interviews conducted in two urban areas in Canada, we discuss instances of both the interactional use of and metalinguistic comments on forms of address. Our analysis is largely guided by conversation analysis and interactional sociolinguistics (e.g. Goodwin & Heritage 1990). Using Clyne, Norrby and Warren’s (2009) model of address as a backdrop, we investigate the construction of group identity and group socialization through the lens of positioning theory (e.g. van Langenhove and Harré 1993; Dailey-O’Cain and Liebscher 2009). This combination of analytical tools can explain shifts in both usage of and attitudes toward the T/V distinction that cannot be explained through language attrition arguments alone.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/prag.20.3.04lie
2010-01-01
2024-12-08
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Barron, Anne
    (2006) Learning to say "you" in German: The acquisition of sociolinguistic competence in a study abroad context. In M.A. DuFon , & E. Churchill (eds.), Language Learners in Study Abroad Contexts. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, pp. 59-88.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bayer, Klaus
    (1979) Addressing pronouns "du" and "Sie": Thesen zu einem semantischen Konflikt im Hochschulbereich. Deutsche Sprache3: 212-219.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Belz, Julie A. , and Celeste Kinginger
    (2002) The cross-linguistic development of address form use in telecollaborative language learning: Two case studies. InCanadian Modern Language Review59/2: 189-214. doi: 10.3138/cmlr.59.2.189
    https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.59.2.189 [Google Scholar]
  4. Besch, Werner
    (1998) Duzen, Siezen, Titulieren: Zur Anrede im Deutschen heute und gestern (second edition). Göttingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Blommaert, Jan
    (2005) Discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511610295
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511610295 [Google Scholar]
  6. Bowers, Christopher
    (1992) Comparison of forms of address between England and Germany. Beiträge Zur Fremdsprachenvermittlung Aus Dem Konstanzer SLA23: 57-62.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Brown, Penelope , and Stephen Levinson
    (1987) Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Brown, Roger , and Albert Gilman
    (1960) The pronouns of power and solidarity. In T. Sebeok (ed.), Style in Language. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Technology Press of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, pp. 253-276.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. (1989) Politeness theory and Shakespeare's four major tragedies. Language in Society18: 159-212. doi: 10.1017/S0047404500013464
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0047404500013464 [Google Scholar]
  10. Carbaugh, Donal
    (1996) Situating Selves: The Communication of Social Identities in American Scenes. New York: State University of New York Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Clyne, Michael , Heinz L. Kretzenbacher , Catrin Norrby , and Doris Schüpbach
    (2006) Perceptions of variation and change in German and Swedish address. Journal of Sociolinguistics10.3: 287-319. doi: 10.1111/j.1360‑6441.2006.00329.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-6441.2006.00329.x [Google Scholar]
  12. Clyne, Michael , Catrin Norrby , and Jane Warren
    (2009) Language and Human Relations. Styles of Address in Contemporary Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511576690
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511576690 [Google Scholar]
  13. Coveney, Aidan
    (2003) 'Anything you can do, tu can do better': Tu and vous as substitutes for indefinite on in French. Journal of Sociolinguistics 7.2: 164-191. doi: 10.1111/1467‑9481.00218
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9481.00218 [Google Scholar]
  14. Dailey-O'Cain, Jennifer , and Grit Liebscher
    (2006) Language learners' use of discourse markers as evidence for a mixed code. International Journal of Bilingualism10.1: March: 89-109. doi: 10.1177/13670069060100010501
    https://doi.org/10.1177/13670069060100010501 [Google Scholar]
  15. (2009) Dialect use and discursive identities of migrants from the west in eastern Germany. In Patrick Stevenson and Jenny Carl (eds),Language, Discourse, and Identity in Central Europe. The German Language in a Multilingual Space. London, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 185-202.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Delisle, Helga H
    (1986) Intimacy, solidarity and distance: The pronouns of address in German. Die Unterrichtspraxis 19.1: 4-15. doi: 10.2307/3530857
    https://doi.org/10.2307/3530857 [Google Scholar]
  17. Goodwin, Charles , and John Heritage
    (1990) Conversation analysis. Annual Review of Anthropology19: 283-307. doi: 10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001435
    https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001435 [Google Scholar]
  18. Gumperz, John J
    (1982) Discourse Strategies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511611834
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511611834 [Google Scholar]
  19. Harré, Rom , and Luk van Langenhove
    (1991) Varieties of positioning. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour21: 393-407. doi: 10.1111/j.1468‑5914.1991.tb00203.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.1991.tb00203.x [Google Scholar]
  20. Hickey, Raymond
    (2003) The German address system: Binary and scalar at once. In Irma Taavitsainen , and Andreas H. Jucker (eds.), Diachronic Perspectives on Address Term Systems. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 401-425. doi: 10.1075/pbns.107.16hic
    https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.107.16hic [Google Scholar]
  21. Howell, Richard , and Jack Klassen
    (1971) Contrasting "Du/Sie" patterns in a Mennonite community. Anthropological Linguistics13.2: 68-74.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Kremer, Ludger
    (2000) Duzen und siezen: Zur Verwendung der Anredepronomina im Deutschen und Niederländischen. Germanistische Mitteilungen52: 13-31.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kretzenbacher, Heinz , Michael Clyne , and Doris Schüpbach
    (2006) Pronominal address in German. Rules, anarchy and embarrassment potential. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics29/2: 17.1-17.18.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Liebscher, Grit , and Jennifer Dailey-O’Cain
    (2009) Language attitudes in interaction. Journal of Sociolinguistics13.2: 195-222. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑9841.2009.00404.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9841.2009.00404.x [Google Scholar]
  25. Milroy, Lesley
    (1980) Language and Social Networks. Oxford: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Morford, Janet
    (1997) Social indexicality in French prenominal address. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 7.1: 3-37. doi: 10.1525/jlin.1997.7.1.3
    https://doi.org/10.1525/jlin.1997.7.1.3 [Google Scholar]
  27. Mühlhäusler, Peter , and Ron Harré
    (1990) Pronouns and People: The Linguistic Construction of Social and Personal Identity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Schiffrin, Deborah
    (1987) Discourse markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511611841
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511611841 [Google Scholar]
  29. Schüpbach, Doris , John Hajek , Jane Warren , Michael Clyne , Heinz L. Kretzenbacher , and Catrin Norrby
    (2006) A cross-linguistic comparison of address pronoun use in four European languages: Intralingual and interlingual dimensions. Annual Meeting of the Australian Linguistic Society2-12.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Silverstein, Michael
    (2003) Indexical order and the dialectics of sociolinguistic life. Language and Communication23: 293-229. doi: 10.1016/S0271‑5309(03)00013‑2
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5309(03)00013-2 [Google Scholar]
  31. Soukup, Barbara
    (2009) Dialect Use As Interaction Strategy: A Sociolinguistic Study of Contextualization, Speech Perception, and Language Attitudes in Austria. Wien: Braumüller.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Stoffel, Gertraut
    (1983) Veränderungen und semantische Konflikte im Anredeverhalten deutschsprachiger in Neuseeland. Muttersprache94: 185-193.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Svennevig, Jan
    (1999) Getting Acquainted In Conversation. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. doi: 10.1075/pbns.64
    https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.64 [Google Scholar]
  34. van Langenhove, Luk , and Rom Harré
    (1993) Positioning and autobiography: Telling your life. In Nikolas Coupland , John. F. Nussbaum , and Alan Grossman (eds.), Discourse and Lifespan Identity. London, UK: Sage, pp. 81-99.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Watts, Richard J
    (2003) Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511615184
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511615184 [Google Scholar]
  36. Winchatz, Michaela R
    (2001) Social meanings in German interactions: An ethnographic analysis of the second-person pronoun Sie. Research on Language and Social Interaction 34.3: 337-69. doi: 10.1207/S15327973RLSI34‑3_3
    https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327973RLSI34-3_3 [Google Scholar]
  37. (2006) Fieldworker or foreigner? Ethnographic interviewing in nonnative languages. Field MethodsVol. 18.1: 83-97. doi: 10.1177/1525822X05279902
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X05279902 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/prag.20.3.04lie
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error