1887
Volume 16, Issue 1
  • ISSN 1877-9751
  • E-ISSN: 1877-976X
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

Irony has traditionally been studied as a purely pragmatic phenomenon, one in which a speaker says one thing and means another, often by commenting on the contrast between expectation and reality. However, as cognitive linguists have discerned for many other aspects of language, much of the ways that people speak and understand one another is motivated by people’s pervasive bodily experiences. Ironic humor provides another compelling phenomenon in which to understand the embodied foundation of both linguistic meaning and multimodal expression, particularly in terms of rough-and-tumble play. Many forms of humor arise from different benign violations of the body in play fighting. We describe cognitive linguistic and psychological evidence on the importance of bodily experience, and benign violations of the body, in linguistic expressions referring to teasing and humor. Variations of rough-and-tumble play help explain some of the instabilities in the ways ironic humor unfolds in interpersonal interactions.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1075/rcl.00004.gib
2018-05-31
2024-09-09
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Booth, W.
    (1975) A rhetoric of irony. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Burgers, C. , Van Mulken, M. , & Schellens, P. J.
    (2011) Finding irony: An introduction of the verbal irony procedure (VIP). Metaphor and Symbol, 26, 186–205.10.1080/10926488.2011.583194
    https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2011.583194 [Google Scholar]
  3. Clark, H. , & Gerrig, R.
    (1984) On the pretense theory of irony. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113, 121–126.10.1037/0096‑3445.113.1.121
    https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.113.1.121 [Google Scholar]
  4. Clark, H. , & Van Der Wege, M.
    (2001) Imagination in discourse. In D. Schiffrin , D. Tannen , & H. Hamilton (Eds.), The handbook of discourse analysis (pp.772–786). New York: Blackwell.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Currie, G.
    (2010) Narratives and narrators: A philosophy of stories. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199282609.001.0001
    https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199282609.001.0001 [Google Scholar]
  6. Dynel, M.
    (2017) But seriously: On conversational humour and (un)truthfulness. Lingua, 197, 83–102.10.1016/j.lingua.2017.05.004
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2017.05.004 [Google Scholar]
  7. (2018) No child’s play: A philosophical pragmatic view of overt pretence as a vehicle for conversational humor. In V. Tsakona & J. Chovanec (Eds.), The dynamics of interactional humor: Creating and negotiating humor in everyday encounters (pp.205–228). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.10.1075/thr.7.09dyn
    https://doi.org/10.1075/thr.7.09dyn [Google Scholar]
  8. Eder, D.
    (1991) The role of teasing in adolescent peer group culture. Sociological Studies of Child Development, 4, 181–197.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Flamson, T. , & Barrett, C.
    (2008) The encryption theory of humor: A knowledge-based mechanism of honest signaling. Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 6, 261–281.10.1556/JEP.6.2008.4.2
    https://doi.org/10.1556/JEP.6.2008.4.2 [Google Scholar]
  10. Georgesen, J. , Harris, M. , Milich, R. , & Bosko-Young, J.
    (1999) “Just teasing…”: Personality effects on perceptions and life narratives of childhood teasing. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 1254–1267.10.1177/0146167299258007
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167299258007 [Google Scholar]
  11. Gibbs, R.
    (1994) The poetics of mind: Figurative thought, language, and understanding. New York: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. (2000) Irony in talk among friends. Metaphor and Symbol, 15, 5–27.10.1080/10926488.2000.9678862
    https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2000.9678862 [Google Scholar]
  13. (2002) Irony in the wake of tragedy. Metaphor and Symbol, 17, 145–153.10.1207/S15327868MS1702_5
    https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327868MS1702_5 [Google Scholar]
  14. (2006) Embodiment and cognitive science. New York: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. (2007) Why irony sometimes come to mind: Paradoxical effects of thought suppression. Pragmatics & Cognition, 15, 229–251.10.1075/pc.15.2.03gib
    https://doi.org/10.1075/pc.15.2.03gib [Google Scholar]
  16. (2017) Metaphor wars: Conceptual metaphor in human life. New York: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/9781107762350
    https://doi.org/10.1017/9781107762350 [Google Scholar]
  17. Gibbs, R. , & Colston, H.
    (Eds.) (2007) Irony in language and thought: A cognitive science reader. New York: Erlbaum.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. (2012) Interpreting figurative meaning. New York: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9781139168779
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139168779 [Google Scholar]
  19. Greene, V.
    (2011) Critique, counternarratives and ironic interventions in South Park and Stephen Colbert. In T. Gournelous & V. Greene (Eds.), A decade of dark humor: How comedy, irony, and satire shaped post 9–11 America (pp.119–136). Jackson: University of Mississippi Press.10.14325/mississippi/9781617030062.003.0007
    https://doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781617030062.003.0007 [Google Scholar]
  20. Harris, C. , & Christenfeld, N.
    (1997) Humor, tickle, and the Darwin-Hecker hypothesis. Cognition & Emotion, 11, 103–11110.1080/026999397380050
    https://doi.org/10.1080/026999397380050 [Google Scholar]
  21. Kowalski, R.
    (2000) “I was only kidding!”: Victims’ and perpetrators’ perceptions of teasing. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(2), 231–241.10.1177/0146167200264009
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167200264009 [Google Scholar]
  22. Kumon-Nakamura, S. , Glucksberg, S. , & Brown, M.
    (1995) How about another piece of pie: The allusional pretense theory of discourse irony. Journal of Experimental Psychology, General, 124(1), 3–21. doi: 10.1037/0096‑3445.124.1.3.
    https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.124.1.3 [Google Scholar]
  23. Leung, A. , Kim, S. , Polman, E. , Ong, L. , Qiu, L. , Goncalo, J. , & Sanchez-Burks, J.
    (2011) Embodied metaphors and creative acts. Psychological Science, 23, 502–509.10.1177/0956797611429801
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611429801 [Google Scholar]
  24. Magill, R. J.
    (2007) Chic ironic bitterness. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.10.3998/mpub.231833
    https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.231833 [Google Scholar]
  25. McGraw, A. , & Warren, C.
    (2010) Benign violations make immoral behavior funny. Psychological Science, 21, 1141–1149.10.1177/0956797610376073
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610376073 [Google Scholar]
  26. McGraw, A. , & Warner, J.
    (2014) The humor code: A global search for what makes things funny. New York: Simon & Schuster.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Musolff, A.
    (2017) Metaphor, irony and sarcasm in public discourse. Journal of Pragmatics, 109, 95–104.10.1016/j.pragma.2016.12.010
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2016.12.010 [Google Scholar]
  28. Reddy, V. , & Mireault, G.
    (2015) Teasing and clowning in infancy. Current Biology, 25, R20–R23.10.1016/j.cub.2014.09.021
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.09.021 [Google Scholar]
  29. Rosenblatt, R.
    (2001) The age of irony comes to an end. Time, 158(13).
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Samermit, P. , & Gibbs, R.
    (2016) Humor, the body, and cognitive linguistics. Cognitive Linguistic Studies, 2, 32–49.10.1075/cogls.3.1.02sam
    https://doi.org/10.1075/cogls.3.1.02sam [Google Scholar]
  31. Seckman, M. , & Couch, C.
    (1989) Jocularity, sarcasm and relationships: An empirical study. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 18, 327–344.10.1177/089124189018003004
    https://doi.org/10.1177/089124189018003004 [Google Scholar]
  32. Stern, D. N.
    (1985) The interpersonal world of the infant: A view from psychoanalysis and developmental psychology. London/New York: Karnac.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Strack, F. , Martin, L. L. , & Stepper, S.
    (1988) Inhibiting and facilitating conditions of the human smile: A nonobtrusive test of the facial feedback hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 768–777.10.1037/0022‑3514.54.5.768
    https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.5.768 [Google Scholar]
  34. Veale, T. , Feyaerts, K. , & Brone, G.
    (2006) The cognitive mechanisms of adversarial humor. Humor, 19, 303–338.10.1515/HUMOR.2006.016
    https://doi.org/10.1515/HUMOR.2006.016 [Google Scholar]
  35. Warren, C. , & McGraw, A.
    (2016) Differentiating what is humorous from what is not. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 110(3), 407–430.10.1037/pspi0000041
    https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000041 [Google Scholar]
  36. Watts, A.
    (1998) “You are such a tease!” Identifying and describing the chronic teaser. Unpublished master’s thesis. Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Wilson, N. , & Gibbs, R.
    (2007) Real and imagined body movement primes metaphor comprehension. Cognitive Science, 31, 721–731.10.1080/15326900701399962
    https://doi.org/10.1080/15326900701399962 [Google Scholar]
  38. Zajonc, R. , Murphy, S. , & Inglehart, M.
    (1989) Feeling and facial efference: Implications of the vascular theory of emotion. Psychological Review, 96, 395–416.10.1037/0033‑295X.96.3.395
    https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.3.395 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1075/rcl.00004.gib
Loading
/content/journals/10.1075/rcl.00004.gib
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): body; embodiment; humor; irony
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error