Full text loading...
-
Present/future tense variation in contemporary Italian
The role of settledness
-
View Affiliations Hide Affiliations
- Source: Revue Romane. Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures, Volume 58, Issue 1, Mar 2023, p. 88 - 127
-
- 05 Dec 2019
- 31 Mar 2020
- 25 May 2020
Abstract
Abstract
According to normative descriptions of Italian future-framed adverbial clauses, the future tense is the only option (Quando verrai [F], ti presterò il libro ‘When you come, I’ll lend you the book’). However, the present tense may also be used (Quando vieni [P], ti presto il libro). I demonstrate that choice and acceptance of the present in future-framed adverbials are conditioned by the speaker’s presumption of settledness; that is, in every future world compatible with the speaker’s beliefs the eventuality necessarily occurs. The data come from an online questionnaire consisting of a forced-choice and an acceptability judgment task completed by 429 native speakers of Italian, and were analyzed using mixed-effects regression. Results show that the present is chosen most and rated highest when the future eventuality is presumed settled ([+certain, +immediate, +temporally specific]). These findings demonstrate that speakers use the present to express confidence in the realization of future eventualities.