Self-perceived linguistic progress, target language use and personality development during study abroad

References

1. Asendorpf, J. B.
   (2008) Developmental perspectives. In G. J. Boyle , G. Matthews , & D. H. Saklofske (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of personality theory and assessment: Personality theories and models (Vol.1, pp.101–123). London: SAGE. doi: 10.4135/9781849200462
   https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849200462 [Google Scholar]
2. Bardovi-Harlig, K. , & Bastos, M. T.
   (2011) Proficiency, length of stay, and intensity of interaction and the acquisition of conventional expressions in L2 pragmatics. Intercultural Pragmatics, 8(3), 347–384. doi: 10.1515/IPRG.2011.017
   https://doi.org/10.1515/IPRG.2011.017 [Google Scholar]
3. Bennett, M.
   (2013) Basic concepts of intercultural communication: Paradigms, principles, and practices. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
   [Google Scholar]
4. Bennett, J. M. , Bennett, M. J. , & Allen, W.
   (2003) Developing intercultural competence in the language classroom. In D. L. Dale & R. M. Paige (Eds.), Culture as the core: Perspectives on culture in second language learning, (pp.237–270). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.
   [Google Scholar]
5. Bleidorn, W. , Kandler, C. , Riemann, R. , Angleitner, A. , & Spinath, F. M.
   (2009) Patterns and sources of adult personality development: Growth curve analyses of the NEO PI-R scales in a longitudinal twin study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(1), 142–155. doi: 10.1037/a0015434
   https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015434 [Google Scholar]
6. Coleman, J. A.
   (2015) Social circles during residence abroad: What students do, and who with. In R. Mitchell , N. Tracy-Ventura , & K. McManus (Eds.), Social interaction, identity and language learning during residence abroad (pp.33–52). (EUROSLA Monograph Series 4).
   [Google Scholar]
7. Cook, V.
   (Ed.) (2002) Portraits of the L2 user. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
   [Google Scholar]
8. Council of Europe
   Council of Europe (2001) Common European framework of reference for languages: Learning, teaching, assessment. Cambridge: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge.
   [Google Scholar]
9. Dewaele, J. -M.
   (2012) Personality. Personality traits as independent and dependent variables. In S. Mercer , S. Ryan , & M. Williams (Eds.), Psychology for language learning: Insights from research, theory and practice (pp.42–58). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. doi: 10.1057/9781137032829_4
   https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137032829_4 [Google Scholar]
10. Dewaele, J. -M. , & Stavans, A.
    (2014) The effect of immigration, acculturation and multicompetence on personality profiles of Israeli multilinguals. International Journal of Bilingualism, 18(3), 203–221. doi: 10.1177/1367006912439941
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006912439941 [Google Scholar]
11. Dewaele, J. -M. , & Van Oudenhoven, J. P.
    (2009) The effect of multilingualism / multiculturalism on personality: no gain without pain for Third Culture Kids?International Journal of Multilingualism, 6(4), 443–459. doi: 10.1080/14790710903039906
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710903039906 [Google Scholar]
12. Dewaele, J. -M. , & Wei, L.
    (2012) Multilingualism, empathy and multicompetence. International Journal of Multilingualism, 9(4), 352–366. doi: 10.1080/14790718.2012.714380
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2012.714380 [Google Scholar]
13. Dewaele, J. -M. , & Wei, L.
    (2013) Is multilingualism linked to a higher tolerance of ambiguity?Bilingualism: Language & Cognition, 16(1), 231–240. doi: 10.1177/1367006912439941
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006912439941 [Google Scholar]
14. European Commission
    European Commission (July 2011) Languages for jobs. Retrieved from ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/repository/languages/policy/strategic-framework/documents/languages-for-jobs-report_en.pdf (28 July, 2016).
    [Google Scholar]
15. European Commission
    European Commission. (n.d.). Erasmus +. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/erasmus-plus/opportunities-for-individuals/students/studying-abroad_en (31 July 2016).
    [Google Scholar]
16. Fernández, J. , & Gates Tapia, A. M.
    (2016) An appraisal of the Language Contact Profile as a tool to research local engagement in study abroad. Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education, 1(2), 248–276. doi: 10.1075/sar.1.2.05fer
    https://doi.org/10.1075/sar.1.2.05fer [Google Scholar]
17. Goddard, C. , & Ye, Z.
    (2015) Ethnopragmatics. In F. Sharifian (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of language and culture (pp.52–62). Abingdon: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
18. Guiora, A. Z.
    (2005) The language sciences – the challenges ahead. A farewell address. Language Learning, 55(2), 183–189. doi: 10.1111/j.0023‑8333.2005.00302.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-8333.2005.00302.x [Google Scholar]
19. IEREST
    IEREST (2015) Intercultural education resources for Erasmus students and their teachers. Koper: Annales University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
20. Isabelli-García, C.
    (2006) Study abroad social networks, motivation and attitudes: Implications for second language acquisition. In M. A. DuFon & E. Churchill (Eds.), Language learners in study abroad contexts (pp.231–258). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
    [Google Scholar]
21. Jackson, J.
    (2010) Intercultural journeys: From study to residence abroad. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. doi: 10.1057/9780230277083
    https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230277083 [Google Scholar]
22. Kluckhohn, C. & Kroeberg, A.
    (1952) Culture: A critical review of concepts and definitions. New York: Vintage.
    [Google Scholar]
23. Matsumoto, D. , & Hwang, H.
    (2013) Assessing cross-cultural competence: A review of available tests. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44(6), 849-873.10.1177/0022022113492891
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022113492891 [Google Scholar]
24. McManus, K. , Mitchell, R. , & Tracy-Ventura, N.
    (2014) Understanding insertion and integration in a study abroad context: The case of English-speaking sojourners in France. Revue Française de Linguistique Appliquée, 19(2), 97–116.
    [Google Scholar]
25. Neyer, F. J. , & Lehnart, J.
    (2007) Relationships matter in personality development: Evidence from an 8-year longitudinal study across young adulthood. Journal of Personality, 75(3), 535–568. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑6494.2007.00448.x.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00448.x [Google Scholar]
26. Ożańska-Ponikwia, K. , & Dewaele, J. -M.
    (2012) Personality and L2 use: The advantage of being openminded and self-confident in an immigration context. Eurosla Yearbook, 12(1), 112–134. doi: 10.1075/eurosla.12.07oza
    https://doi.org/10.1075/eurosla.12.07oza [Google Scholar]
27. Palmer, G. , & Sharifian, F.
    (2007) Applied cultural linguistics. In F. Sharifian & G. Palmer (Eds.), Applied Cultural Linguistics (Vol.7, pp.1–14). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: 10.1075/celcr.7.02pal
    https://doi.org/10.1075/celcr.7.02pal [Google Scholar]
28. Pellegrino Aveni, V. A.
    (2005) Study abroad and second language use: Constructing the self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511620584
    https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511620584 [Google Scholar]
29. Ranta, L. , & Meckelborg, A.
    (2013) How much exposure to English do international graduate students really get? Measuring language use in a naturalistic setting. Canadian Modern Language Review, 69(1), 1–33. doi: 10.3138/cmlr.987
    https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.987 [Google Scholar]
30. Roberts, B. W. , Caspi, A. , & Moffitt, T. E.
    (2003) Work experiences and personality development in young adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(3), 582–593. doi: 10.1037/0022‑3514.84.3.582
    https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.3.582 [Google Scholar]
31. Roberts, B. W. , & Mroczek, D.
    (2008) Personality trait change in adulthood. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17(1), 31–35. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑8721.2008.00543.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00543.x [Google Scholar]
32. Roberts, B. W. , Walton, K. , Bogg, T. , & Caspi, A.
    (2006) De-investment in work and non-normative personality trait change in young adulthood. European Journal of Personality, 20(6), 461–474. doi: 10.1002/per.607
    https://doi.org/10.1002/per.607 [Google Scholar]
33. Roberts, B. W. , Walton, K. E. , & Viechtbauer, W.
    (2006) Patterns of mean-level change in personality traits across the life course: a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 132(1), 1–25. doi: 10.1037/0033‑2909.132.1.1
    https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.1 [Google Scholar]
34. Ruben, B.
    (1976) Assessing communicative competency for intercultural adaptation. Group and Organisation Studies, 1(3), 334-354.10.1177/105960117600100308
    https://doi.org/10.1177/105960117600100308 [Google Scholar]
35. Schartner, A.
    (2016) The effect of study abroad on intercultural competence: a longitudinal case study of international postgraduate students at a British university. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 37(4), 402–418. doi: 10.1080/01434632.2015.1073737
    https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2015.1073737 [Google Scholar]
36. Sharifian, F.
    (2015) The Routledge handbook of language and culture. Abingdon: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
37. Specht, J. , Bleidorn, W. , Denissen, J. J. , Hennecke, M. , Hutteman, R. , Kandler, C. , Luhmann, M. , Orth, U. , Reitz, A. K. , & Zimmermann, J.
    (2014) What drives adult personality development? A comparison of theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence. European Journal of Personality, 28(3), 216–230. doi: 10.1002/per.1966
    https://doi.org/10.1002/per.1966 [Google Scholar]
38. Stangor, C. , Jonas, K. , Stroebe, W. , & Hewstone, M.
    (1996) Influence of student exchange on national stereotypes, attitudes and perceived group variability. European Journal of Social Psychology, 26(4), 663–675. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099‑0992(199607)26:4<663::AID‑EJSP778>3.0.CO;2‑6
    https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199607)26:4<663::AID-EJSP778>3.0.CO;2-6 [Google Scholar]
39. Stroebe, W. , Lenkert, A. , & Jonas, K.
    (1988) Familiarity may breed contempt: The impact of student exchange on national stereotypes and attitudes. In W. Stroebe , A. W. Kruglanski , D. Bar-Tal , & M. Hewstone (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup conflict (pp.167–187). Berlin: Springer-Verlag. doi: 10.1007/978‑3‑642‑52124‑9
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52124-9 [Google Scholar]
40. Stronkhorst, R.
    (2005) Learning outcomes of international mobility at two Dutch institutions of higher education. Journal of Studies in International Education, 9(4), 292–315. doi: 10.1177/1028315305280938
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315305280938 [Google Scholar]
41. Tracy-Ventura, N. , Dewaele, J. -M. , Köylü, Z. , & McManus, K.
    (2016) Personality changes after the ‘year abroad’?: A mixed-methods study. Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education, 1(1), 107–127. doi: 10.1075/sar.1.1.05tra
    https://doi.org/10.1075/sar.1.1.05tra [Google Scholar]
42. Van Der Zee, K. I. , & Van Oudenhoven, J. P.
    (2000) The Multicultural Personality Questionnaire: a multidimensional instrument of multicultural effectiveness. European Journal of Personality, 14(4), 291–309. doi: 10.1002/1099‑0984(200007/08)14:4<291::AID‑PER377>3.0.CO;2‑6
    https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-0984(200007/08)14:4<291::AID-PER377>3.0.CO;2-6 [Google Scholar]
43. Van der Zee, K. I. , & Van Oudenhoven, J. P.
    (2001) The Multicultural Personality Questionnaire: reliability and validity of self-and other ratings of multicultural effectiveness. Journal of Research in Personality, 35(3), 278–288. doi: 10.1006/jrpe.2001.2320
    https://doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.2001.2320 [Google Scholar]
44. Van der Zee, K. , Van Oudenhoven, J. P. , Ponterotto, J. G. , & Fietzer, A. W.
    (2013) Multicultural Personality Questionnaire: Development of a short form. Journal of Personality Assessment, 95(1), 118–124. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2012.718302
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2012.718302 [Google Scholar]
45. Van Oudenhoven, J. P. , & Van der Zee, K. I.
    (2002) Predicting multicultural effectiveness of international students: The Multicultural Personality Questionnaire. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 26(6), 679–694. doi: 10.1016/S0147‑1767(02)00041‑X
    https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(02)00041-X [Google Scholar]
46. Wierzbicka, A.
    (2015) Language and cultural scripts. In F. Shafian (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of language and culture (pp.339–356). Abingdon: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
47. Zimmermann, J. , & Neyer, F. J.
    (2013) Do we become a different person when hitting the road? Personality development of sojourners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105(3), 515–530. doi: 10.1037/a0033019
    https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033019 [Google Scholar]