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World Knowledge in the Process of Translation
- Source: Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, Volume 3, Issue 1, Jan 1991, p. 1 - 16
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Abstract
Abstract: The paper illustrates the role of world knowledge in comprehending and translating texts. A short news item, which displays world knowledge fairly implicitly in condensed lexical forms, was translated by students from English into German. It is shown that their translation strategies changed from a first draft which was rather close to the surface structure of the source text to a final version which took situational aspects, texttypological conventions and the different background knowledge of the respective addressees into account. Decisions on how much world knowledge has to be made explicit in the target text, however, must be based on the relevance principle. Consequences for teaching and for the notions of semantic knowledge and world knowledge are discussed.Résumé: L'expose met en relief le role de la connaissance du monde pour com-prendre et traduire des textes, a partir d'une brève nouvelle qui presente cette connaissance de maniere plutt implicite en formes lexicales condensees. Le tex-te a ete traduit de l'anglais en allemand par des etudiants. Il est montré comment leurs strategies traductives ont evolue d'une première version, assez proche de la structure de surface de l'original, a la version finale qui prend en consideration des aspects situationnels, des conventions sur le plan de la typologie textuelle, ainsi que les differences entre les savoirs d'arriere-plan des destinataires respec-tifs. Les decisions relatives a la quantite de donnees informatives a rendre expli-cites dans le texte-cible dependent neanmoins du principe de la pertinence. On examine les incidences sur l'enseignement de la traduction et sur les notions de savoir semantique et de connaissance du monde.