1887
Volume 145, Issue 1
  • ISSN 0019-0829
  • E-ISSN: 1783-1490
USD
Buy:$35.00 + Taxes

Abstract

This paper reports on two phases of a study of a group of advanced TEFL (teachers-of-English-as-a-foreign-language) students. To raise their awareness of the importance of discourse intonation while they were receiving teacher training, this study focuses on examining their sociocultural and psychological inclinations in the choice of phonological models. The first phase is an exploration of their attitudes toward, a native-speaker variety (British English) and a nonnative (Chinese EFL-speaker) variety of English pronunciation and intonation. The second reports on a didactic intervention study of the impact of activities that engaged the students in the awareness-raising of the importance of suprasegmental features, especially discourse intonation, on self-perceptions of their efficacy and confidence in communication. The results showed a systematic pattern of participant endorsement for a native-speaker model and a clear improvement in theIr perceptions of the importance of suprasegmental features of standard English because of teacher-student co-construction of meaning through interactive awareness-raising activities. The findings are discussed with reference to the students' sociocultural and psychological needs in TEFL training, particularly with reference to recent academic discourse on the issue of “linguistic imperialism” (Canagarajah, 1999; Phillipson, 1992, 1996) and ElL in pedagogy (Jenkins, 1998, 2002) and their wider implications in typical EFL contexts.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.2143/ITL.145.0.562915
2004-01-01
2024-10-06
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. ANDREASSON, A.M.
    (1994) Norm as a pedagogical paradigm. World Englishes, 13(3), 395–409.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. BOLINGER, D.
    (1986) 1ntonation and Its Parts: Melody in Spoken English. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. BONGAERTS, T.
    (1999) Ultimate attainment in L2 pronunciation: The case of very advanced late L2 learners. In D. BIRDSONG (Ed.), Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis (pp.133–159). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. BRAINE, G.
    (1999) Introduction. In G. BRAINE (Ed.), Non-native Educators in English Language Education (pp.xiii–xx). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. BRAZIL, D.
    (1997) The Communicative Value of Intonation in English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. BROWN, G.
    (1996) Listening to Spoken English (2nd ed.). London: Longman.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. CANAGARAJAH, A.S.
    (1999) Resisting Linguistic Imperialism in English Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. CASTILO, L.
    (1990) Pronunciation pedagogy: Where have we been? Where are we headed?Language Teacher, 14(10), 3–7.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. CELCE-MURCIA, M.
    (1987) Teaching pronunciation as communication. In J. MORLEY (Ed.), Current Perspectives on Pronunciation (pp.5–12). Washington, DC: TESOL.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. CELCE-MURCIA, M. , BRINTON, D.M. , and GOODWIN, J.M.
    (1996) Teaching Pronunciation: A Reference for Teachers ofEnglish to Speakers of Other Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. CHEN, W.D.
    (1983) An Introduction to English Intonation. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. CONIAM, D.
    (2002) Technology as an awareness-raising tool for sensitising teachers to features of stress and rhythm in English. Language Awareness, 11(1), 30–42.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. CORTAZZI, M. , and JIN, L.X.
    (1996) English teaching and learning in China—State of the art article. Language Teaching, 29(2), 61–80.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. CRYSTAL, D.
    (1997) English as a Global Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. DETERDING, D. , and POEDJOSOEDARMO, G.
    (1998) The Sounds of English: Phonetics and Phonology for English Teachers in Southeast Asia. Singapore: Prentice Hall.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. FIELD, J.
    (2003) The fuzzy notion of “intelligibility”: A headache for pronunciation teachers and oral testers. IATEFL SIGs Newsletter (Spring Issue), pp.34–38.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. GANSCHOW, L. , and SPARKS, R.
    (1995) Effects of direct instruction in phonology on the native language skills and foreign language aptitude of atrisk foreign language learners. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 28(2), 107–120.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. GILBERT, J.
    (1995) Pronunciation practices as an aid to listening comprehension. In D.J. MENDELSON and J. RUBIN (Eds.), A Guidefor the Teaching of Second Language Listening (pp.97–112). San Diego, CA: Dominie Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. GOH, C.C.M.
    (1998) How learners with different listening abilities use comprehension strategies and tactics. Language Teaching Research, 2(2), 124–147.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. GRANT, N. , and LIU, D.Y.
    (1993) Junior English for China. Beijing: Longmanl People’s Education Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. GUI, C.K.
    (1985) Applied Phonology of American English. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. HAMMERLY, H.
    (1991) Fluency and Accuracy. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. HILL, L.A.
    (1977) Advanced Stories for Reproduction, Book II. London: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. JACQUES, G. , and LIU, D.Y.
    (1995) Senior English for China. Beijing: Longman/People’s Educational Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. JAMES, C.
    (1999) Language awareness: Implications for the language curriculum. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 12(1), 94–115.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. JENKINS, J.
    (1998) Which pronunciation norms and models for English as an international language?ELT Journal, 52 (2), 119–126.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. (2002) A sociolinguistic ally based, empirically researched pronunciation syllabus for English as an international language. Applied Linguistics, 23(1), 83–103
    [Google Scholar]
  28. KACHRU, B.
    (1992) Teaching world Englishes. In B. KACHRU (Ed.), The Other Tongue: English Across Cultures (pp.356–365). Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. KINGDON. R.
    (1958) The Groundwork of English Intonation. London: Longman.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. LAO, Y.D.
    (1983) An Outline of English Phonetics. Beijing: The Commercial Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. LASAGABASTER, D. , and SIERRA, J.M.
    (2002) University students’ perceptions of native and non-native speaker teachers of English. Language Awareness, 11(2), 132–142.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. LUK, J.
    (2001) Exploring the sociocultural implications of the Native English-speaker Teacher Scheme in Hong Kong through the eyes of the students. Asia Pacific Journal ofLanguage in Education, 4(2), 19–50.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. MENDELSOHN, D.J.
    (1994) Learning to Listen: A Strategy-Based Approach for the Second Language Learner. San Diego, CA: Dominie Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. MODIANO, M.
    (1999) International English in the global village. English Today, 15(2), 22–27.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. MOE, P.R. CHINA
    (1995) The English Language Syllabus for Full-Day Junior Middle Schools. Beijing: People’s Education Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. MOHAN, E.A.
    (1986) Language and Content. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. MORLEY, J.
    (1991) The pronunciation component in teaching English to speakers of other languages. TESOL Quarterly, 25(3), 481–520.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. (1994) Pronunciation The OlY and Pedagogy: New Views, New Directions. Alexandria, VA: TESOL.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. (1996) Second language speech/pronunciation: Acquisition, instruction, standards, variation, and accent. In J. ALATIS , C. STRAEHLE , B. GALLENBERGER , and M. RONKIN (Eds.), Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics 1996 (pp.140–160). Washington DC: Georgetown University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. NEUFELD, G.G.
    (2001) Non-foreign-accented speech in adult second language learners: Does it exist and what does it signify?ITL Review of Applied Linguistics, 133-134, 185–206
    [Google Scholar]
  41. O’CONNOR, J. D. , and ARNOLD, G. F.
    (1978) Intonation of Colloquial English: A Practical Handbook. London: Longman.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. PENNER, J.
    (1995) Change and conflict: Introduction of the communicative approach to China. TESL Canada Journal, 12(3), 1–17.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. PENNINGTON, M.C.
    (1989) Teaching pronunciation from the top down. RELC Journal, 20(1), 21–38.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. PENNINGTON, M.C. , and RICHARDS, J.C.
    (1986) Pronunciation revisited. TESOL Quarterly20(2), 207–225.
    [Google Scholar]
  45. PEP
    PEP (2001a) New Parade. Beijing: Pearson Education/People’s Education Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. PEP
    PEP (2001b) New Starting Point. Beijing: People’s Education Press & Lingo Media Co.
    [Google Scholar]
  47. PHILLIPSON, R.
    (1992) Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  48. (1996) The native speakers’ burden. In T. HEDGE and N. WHITNEY (Eds.), Power Pedagogy and Practice (pp.23–30). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  49. PIRT, G.
    (1990) Discourse intonation problems for nonnative speakers. In M. HEWINGS (Ed.), Papers in Discourse Intonation: ELR Discourse Analysis Monograph16 (pp.145–155). Birmingham, UK: English Language Research, University of Birmingham.
    [Google Scholar]
  50. RICHARDS, J.C. , and RODGERS, T.S.
    (1986) Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  51. ROACH, P.
    (1991) English Phonetics and Phonology (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  52. SCOVEL, T.
    (2000) A critical review of the critical period research. Annual Review ofApplied Linguistics, 20, 213–223.
    [Google Scholar]
  53. STERN, H.B.
    (1992) Issues and Options in Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  54. TENCH, P.
    (1996) The Intonation Systems of English. London: Cassell.
    [Google Scholar]
  55. VANDERGRIFT, L.
    (1999) Facilitating second language hstening comprehension: Acquiring successful strategies. ELT Journal, 53(2), 168–176.
    [Google Scholar]
  56. WELLS, J.C. , and COLSON, G.
    (1971) Practical Phonetics. London: Pitman.
    [Google Scholar]
  57. WENNERSTROM, A.
    (1994) Intonational meaning in English discourse. Applied Linguistics, 15(4), 399–421.
    [Google Scholar]
  58. (1998) Intonation as cohesion in academic discourse: A study of Chinese speakers of English. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 20(1), 1–25.
    [Google Scholar]
  59. WIDDOWSON, H.G.
    (1994) The ownership of English. TESOL Quarterly, 28(2),377–389.
    [Google Scholar]
  60. YU, J.
    (1992) The Distinctive Functions of English Intonation. Shenzhen: Haitian Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  61. YU, L.M.
    (2001) Communicative language teaching in China: Progress and resistance. TESOL Quarterly, 35(1), 194–197.
    [Google Scholar]
  62. ZHANG, G.L.
    (1992) Practical English Phonetics. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  63. ZHANG, L.J.
    (2000) A canon of wider choice. English Today, 16(3), 55–60.
    [Google Scholar]
  64. (2001) Awareness in reading: EFL readers’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies in an input-poor environment. Language Awareness, 11(4), 268–288.
    [Google Scholar]
  65. (2003) Exploring teaching discourse intonation to EFL-maJor students. TE1C Quarterly, 26(2), 52–63.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.2143/ITL.145.0.562915
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error