1887
Volume 5, Issue 2
  • ISSN 2799-6190
  • E-ISSN: 2799-8592

Abstract

Abstract

The trilogy by Liu Cixin, a milestone of contemporary Chinese science fiction (SF), celebrates the tenth anniversary of its historic Hugo Award win in 2025. The trilogy has attracted worldwide attention through its translations and represents a key moment in the global circulation of Chinese literature over the past decade. This paper adopts a socio-discursive perspective to examine the translation, dissemination, and reception of the trilogy in the English-speaking world, situating it within broader debates on cross-cultural literary exchange and the global circulation of SF. Drawing on Actor-Network Theory (ANT), the study argues that the trilogy’s global success resulted from the coordinated efforts of a heterogeneous network of human and non-human actors, including the author, editor, translators, publisher, literary agent, critics, fandom, as well as social media platforms, all of which collectively shaped both the translation and its reception through continuous negotiations and interactions. This collaborative process not only brought the novel series commercial success and literary recognition on the world stage, but also enabled Chinese SF and its futuristic discourse to establish legitimacy and challenge dominant interpretive frameworks within the Anglophone literary fi ld. The analysis further illustrates how translators, guided by an ethos of harmonizing diversity, carefully balanced the cultural distinctiveness of the source text with narrative vitality for English-speaking readers. In addition, the study examines the extended network of literary reception. Reviewers from both the professional SF community and the general readership, media outlets, and other stakeholders played a key role in shaping the trilogy’s global significance and in positioning Chinese SF within broader intercultural dialogue. Ultimately, the enduring impact of the trilogy lies in the poetics of SF itself, which offers a narrative platform for imagining a shared future for humanity beyond cultural and national boundaries. By tracing these processes, the paper demonstrates how SF can serve as both a vehicle for cross-cultural understanding and a site where literary, cultural, and translational forces converge to produce global literary phenomena.

Available under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.54754/incontext.v5i2.133
2025-11-29
2026-04-20
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Aloisio, Loïc
    (2019) Translating Chinese science fiction: The importance of neologisms, coined words and paradigms. Journal of Translation Studies, 3(1), 97–115.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Amazon.com
    Amazon.com (2025) The Three-body Problem. Amazon.com. RetrievedAugust 31, 2025fromhttps://www.amazon.com/dp/B074CF4JFZ
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bourdieu, Pierre
    (1986) The forms of capital. InJohn G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (pp.241–258). Greenwood Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Buzelin, Hélène
    (2005) Unexpected allies*: How Latour’s Network Theory could complement Bourdieusian analyses in Translation Studies. The Translator, 11(2), 193–218.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Callon, Michel
    (1986) Some elements of a sociology of translation: Domestication of the scallops and the fishermen of St Brieuc Bay. InJohn Law (Ed.), Power, Action, and Belief: A New Sociology of Knowledge? (pp.196–233). Routledge & Kegan Paul.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Casanova, Pascale
    (2004) The World Republic of Letters (Malcolm DeBevoise, Trans.). Harvard University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Chesterman, Andrew
    (2017) Questions in the sociology of translation. InAndrew Chesterman (Ed.), Reflections on Translation Theory: Selected Papers 1993–2014 (pp.307–321). John Benjamins.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Chinadaily.com.cn
    Chinadaily.com.cn (2025, August31). ‘The Three-Body Problem’ celebrates a decade of global impact, charts future expansion. China Daily. https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202508/31/WS68b3c334a3108622abc9e0cc.html
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Collischonn, Lúcia
    (2025) Literary Exophonic Translation. Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Conn, Virginia L.
    (2020) Sinofuturism and Chinese science fiction: An introduction to the Alternative Sinofuturisms (中华未来主义) special issue. SFRA Review, 50(2–3), 66–70. https://sfrareview.org/2020/09/04/50-2-a0conn/
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Csicsery-Ronay Jr, Istvan
    (2012) What do we mean when we say “Global Science Fiction”? Reflections on a new nexus. Science Fiction Studies, 39(3), 478–493.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Deng, Gaosheng and Sang Seong Goh
    (2023) An interview with Joel Martinsen: Translating The Dark Forest and Cixin Liu’s other Sci-fi. Asia Pacific Translation and Intercultural Studies, 10(1), 80–94. 10.1080/23306343.2023.2168546
    https://doi.org/10.1080/23306343.2023.2168546 [Google Scholar]
  13. (2022) Star effect and indirect capital preponderance: A case study of The Three-Body Trilogy. Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts, 8(2), 186–205.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Dyson, Stephen Benedict
    (2015, August8). Why you should be reading Liu Cixin, China’s hottest science-fiction writer. The Washington Post.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Friedlander, Peter
    (2020, September1). International best-seller ‘The Three-Body Problem’ to be adapted as a Netflix original series. Netflix Newsroom. RetrievedApril 29, 2021fromhttps://about.netflix.com/en/news/the-three-body-problem-netflix-original-series
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Gaffric, Gwennaël and Will Peyton
    (2019) Liu Cixin’s Three-Body Trilogy and the status of science fiction in contemporary China. Science Fiction Studies, 46(1), 21–38. 10.1353/sfs.2019.0002
    https://doi.org/10.1353/sfs.2019.0002 [Google Scholar]
  17. Gallo, Irene
    (2014, March5). Cover reveal for The Three-Body Problem. Reactor. https://reactormag.com/cover-reveal-for-the-three-body-problem/
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Geng, Olivia
    (2014, November4). Chinese sci-fi novel, ‘The Three-Body Problem,’ touches down in US. Wall Street Journal.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Goodreads
    Goodreads (2025) Liu Cixin. Goodreads. RetrievedAugust 31, 2025fromhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/5780686.Liu_Cixin
    [Google Scholar]
  20. He, Mingxing
    (2019) Zhongguo dangdai wenxue de shijie yingxiang pinggu yanjiu: yi San Ti wei li [Evaluation of the global influence of contemporary Chinese literature: A case study of The Three-Body Problem]. View on Publishing, 141, 6–10.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Heller, Jason
    (2014, November13). Three-Body Problem asks a classic sci-fi question, in Chinese. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2014/11/13/363123510/three-body-problem-asks-a-classic-sci-fi-question-in-chinese
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Hermans, Theo
    (1997) Translation as institution. InMary Snell-Hornby, Zuzana Jettmarová & Klaus Kaindl (Eds.), Translation as Intercultural Communication: Selected Papers from the EST Congress, Prague 1995 (pp.3–20). John Benjamins.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Hudson, Jesse
    (2014, September22). Review of The Three-Body Problem by Liu Cixin. Speculiction. https://speculiction.blogspot.com/2014/09/review-of-three-body-problem-by-liu.html
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Isaacson, Nathaniel
    (2021) Sino-American SF: Trans-national participatory culture and translation. SFRA Review, 51(2), 62–70.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Isaacson, Nathaniel, Hua Li and Mingwei Song
    (2024) Introduction. InMingwei Song, Nathaniel Isaacson & Hua Li (Eds.), Chinese Science Fiction: Concepts, Forms, and Histories (pp.1–32). Palgrave Macmillan.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Latour, Bruno
    (2005) Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory. Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Li, Mingyuan
    (2015, September7). San Ti’ ruhe chenggong piaoyang guohai [How The Three- Body Problem successfully crossed the Pacific]. China Press, Publication, Radio and Television News.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Li, Qing
    (2023) Translators’ subversion of gender-biased expressions: a study of the English translation of The Three-Body Problem trilogy. Perspectives, 32(4), 604–620. 10.1080/0907676X.2023.2268103
    https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2023.2268103 [Google Scholar]
  29. Liu, Cixin
    (2014) The Three-Body Problem (Ken Liu, Trans.). Tor Books.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. (2008) Santi [The Three-body Problem]. Chongqing Publishing House.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Liu, Ken
    (2013, April). Gathered in translation. Clarkesworld, 791. https://clarkesworldmagazine.com/liu_04_13/
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Muchnick, Laurie
    (2014, October15). The Three-body Problem: Remarkable, revelatory and not to be missed. Kirkus Reviews, 82(20), 63. https://d3eoifnsb8kxf0.cloudfront.net/files/Kirkus_Online_101514_Issue.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Nashedron
    Nashedron (2014, November20). Sino-SF: Liu Cixin makes a splash in English with ‘The Three-Body Problem’. SF Around the World. https://sfaroundtheworld.wordpress.com/2014/11/20/issue-4-sino-sf-icelandic-moon-landing-singular-and-free-comics-november-2014/
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Nusinovich, Yevgeniya
    (2015) Culture shock. Science, 350(6260), 504–505. 10.1126/science.aad4997
    https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad4997 [Google Scholar]
  35. O’Neill, John
    (2015, September4). Cixin Liu the superstar: How taking a risk on a Chinese author paid off big for Tor. Black Gate: Adventures in Fantasy Literature. https://www.blackgate.com/2015/09/04/cixin-liu-the-superstar-how-taking-a-risk-on-a-chinese-author-paid-off-big-for-tor/
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Peng, Su
    (2015, September13). Duihua Liu Cixin: Renxing you henduo zhong keneng, San Ti biaoxian le zui zao de yizhong [Dialogue with Liu Cixin: The Three-Body Problem Portrays the Worst Side of Human Nature]. The Paper. www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1371496
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Qin, Amy
    (2014, November10). In a topsy-turvy world, China warms to Sci-Fi: Liu Cixin’s The Three-Body Problem is published in U.S. The New York Times.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Rothman, Joshua
    (2015, March6). China’s Arthur C. Clarke. The New Yorker.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Shi, Jianfeng
    (2014, November21). “Zhongguo kehuan diyiren” Liu Cixin: Kehuan de cai shi shijie de [‘China’s first sci-fi master’ Liu Cixin: What’s sci-fi is what’s global]. The Paper. https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1279923
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Simeoni, Daniel
    (1998) The pivotal status of the translator’s habitus. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 10(1), 1–39. 10.1075/target.l0.1.02sim
    https://doi.org/10.1075/target.l0.1.02sim [Google Scholar]
  41. Sohu IT
    Sohu IT (2014, May28). Zhuanfang San Ti Liu Cixin: Zui zao de yuzhou he zui hao de diqiu [Exclusive interview with Liu Cixin: The best earth in the worst universe]. Sohu IT. https://www.sohu.com/a/986902_115949
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Verso, Francesco
    (2021) The wind of the future blows from China. SFRA Review, 51(2), 59–61.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Vognar, Chris
    (2024, March20). Game of Thrones’ creators look skyward for their new series. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/20/arts/television/3-body-problem-game-of-thrones-benioff-weiss.html
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Wang, Catherine
    (2015, November11). Q&A with Ken Liu, translator of The Three-Body Problem. US-China Today. https://uschinatoday.org/qa/2015/09/11/qa-with-ken-liu-translator-of-the-three-body-problem/
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Weng, Jiayan
    (2015) Liu Cixin shuo: Liu Yukun shi wanmei de [Liu Cixin Says: Ken Liu Is Perfect!]. Vista Weekly, 241, 84–87.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Wimmer, Natasha
    (2001) The US translation blues. Publishers Weekly, 248(21), 71–74.
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Wolfe, Gary K.
    (2014) Gary K. Wolfe reviews Cixin Liu. Locus, 73(6), 14.
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Wu, You
    (2020) Globalization, science fiction and the China story: Translation, dissemination and reception of Liu Cixin’s works across the globe. Critical Arts, 34(6), 56–70.
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Wu, Yun and Yiqing Gu
    (2012) Kunjing yu chulu: Zhongguo dangdai wenxue yijie tantao [Translation and contemporary Chinese literature: predicament and the way out]. Foreign Languages in China, 9(5), 90–95.
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Xu, Xiaoqing and Shaoting Ji
    (2012, November7). San wei Meiguo yizhe qianyue fanyi Zhongguo kehuan changxiaoshu San Ti sanbuqu [Three American translators sign contract to translate the Three-Body Trilogy]. Xinhua News. https://www.cepiec.com.cn/news/620.cshtml
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Yan, Feng
    (2013) Kua meiti de shixue [The crossover of literature]. Fudan University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Zhao, Xiaochun
    (2018) In pursuit of a community of shared future: China’s global activism in perspective. China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies, 4(1), 23–37.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.54754/incontext.v5i2.133
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was successful
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error