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- Volume 52, Issue, 2006
Babel - Volume 52, Issue 1, 2006
Volume 52, Issue 1, 2006
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A pedagogic model of translating expository texts
Author(s): Adil Al-Kufaishipp.: 1–16 (16)More LessAbstractThe aim of this paper is to present a semantically- based and pragmatically-oriented model of translating expository texts, to expound its main components and to establish links between its subcomponents. The model is discourse-centered. It caters for the properties of meaning, semantic relationships, rhetorical patterns and discoursal values, and considers the cognitive processes of interpretation which involve interaction and negotiation between schemata- the system of prior conceptual knowledge and the textual information. The model considers both the macro- and micro-dimensions of discourse analysis. It starts with macro-structure analysis, i.e. the discoursal organizational patterns and proceeds to micro-structure analysis, i.e. the intersentential relationships that bind together the portions of the text and the lexical items which encode the imparted meaning. The model takes into account the four translation processes of discourse decomposition, conversion restructuring and editing. It views the text as a subcomponent of the communicative context which in turn is a subcomponent of the context of culture (see Figure 4). The analytical procedure proceeds in terms of three levels: level 1 involves discourse decomposition (Component A), level 2 involves communicative context analysis (Component B) and level 3 involves cultural restructuring (Component C). To properly comprehend a text, a trainee translator has to: (a) decompose the intricate network of semantic and textual relationships, (b) consider the parameters of the communicative context that are relevant to discourse interpretation and (c) link the text to its cultural context.ResuméThe aim of this paper is to present a semantically- based and pragmatically-oriented model of translating expository texts, to expound its main components and to establish links between its subcomponents. The model is discourse-centered. It caters for the properties of meaning, semantic relationships, rhetorical patterns and discoursal values, and considers the cognitive processes of interpretation which involve interaction and negotiation between schemata- the system of prior conceptual knowledge and the textual information. The model considers both the macro- and micro-dimensions of discourse analysis. It starts with macro-structure analysis, i.e. the discoursal organizational patterns and proceeds to micro-structure analysis, i.e. the intersentential relationships that bind together the portions of the text and the lexical items which encode the imparted meaning. The model takes into account the four translation processes of discourse decomposition, conversion restructuring and editing. It views the text as a subcomponent of the communicative context which in turn is a subcomponent of the context of culture (see Figure 4). The analytical procedure proceeds in terms of three levels: level 1 involves discourse decomposition (Component A), level 2 involves communicative context analysis (Component B) and level 3 involves cultural restructuring (Component C). To properly comprehend a text, a trainee translator has to: (a) decompose the intricate network of semantic and textual relationships, (b) consider the parameters of the communicative context that are relevant to discourse interpretation and (c) link the text to its cultural context.
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Censura y traducción: La autorización imposible de The History of John Bull
Author(s): Eterio Pajarespp.: 17–38 (22)More LessAbstractBritain’s involvement in the War of the Spanish Succession was such a heavy burden for this country that many essays were written against prolonging the struggle. To this, John Arbuthnot (this satire was wrongly attributed to Swift for many years) contributed with The History of John Bull, a collection of fine satirical pamphlets designed to put and end to the campaign, and advocating a return to peace and common sense. It was soon translated into French and, from this language, Juan Ignacio de Ayestaran tried to produce a Spanish version. However, this version was not authorised by the harsh and voracious Spanish censorship of the period. This essay offers a comparative critical study of the translation and analyses the censors’ reasons for rejecting it. The close reading of this fine satirical work makes the arguments for rebuffing the authorisation so obvious that one wonders to what extent some eighteenth century translators were really aware of the time they were living in and the aesthetic distance between two countries so geographically near but so alien in freedom and tradition. RésuméLe rôle de la Grande-Bretagne dans la guerre de succession espagnole a été un tel fardeau pour ce pays que de nombreux essais ont été écrits contre la poursuite de la lutte. John Arbuthnot y a contribué avec L’histoire de John Bull (pendant de nombreuses années, cette satire a été attribuée à tort à Swift). Cette collection de superbes pamphlets satiriques, conçus pour mettre fin à la campagne et préconisant le retour à la paix et au bon sens, a rapidement été traduite en français. En partant de cette langue, Juan Ignacio de Ayestaran a tenté de produire une version espagnole. Toutefois, cette version n’a pas été autorisée par la censure espagnole, dure et dévorante, de l’époque. Cet essai propose une étude critique comparative de la traduction et analyse les raisons pour lesquelles le censeur l’a rejetée. Une lecture attentive de cette belle oeuvre satirique rend tellement évidents les arguments invoqués pour l’interdire qu’on se demande dans quelle mesure certains traducteurs du dix-huitième siècle étaient vraiment conscients de l’époque où ils vivaient et de la distance esthétique entre deux pays, si proches géographiquement parlant et pourtant si distants sur le plan de la liberté et de la tradition.
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In search of translational norms: The case of shifts in lexical repetition in Arabic? English translations
Author(s): Rasoul al-Khafajipp.: 39–65 (27)More LessAbstractThe paper is an attempt, guided by the principles of Descriptive Translation Studies, to ‘detect’ and ‘describe’ the various types of shifts, in the area of lexical repetition, which have occurred in an Arabic–English translation. The study also tries to ‘explain’ the underlying factors which may have prompted the various decision-making processes behind these translation shifts. It is postulated that any translation product represents an intertext which carries the ‘finger-prints’ of the norms of its SL and culture. Moreover, translation as a retextualizing process is bound to be directed by the norms of the TL and its culture. The two poles of SL ‘adequacy’ norms and TL ‘acceptability’ norms have thus been at the background during the description, taxonomy, and explanation of the various types of shifts in lexical repetition detected in the study corpus. Different instances of shifts have been found to fall under three main categories: (a) Shifts which avoid or minimize lexical repetition; (b) Shifts which announce repetition by retaining it, though with some modifications; and (c) Shifts which emphasize lexical repetition by expanding it. Most shifts, it has been found, belong to the first category. A lengthy discussion of the possible causes which could have motivated the translator to perform these various shifts has come to the conclusion that the textual and cultural norms of the TL seem to play the major role in the operation. In order to ascertain that the above conclusion is not attributable to the ‘hegemony’ of the TL (English), nor to the individual translator or to the type of text being analyzed, a number of follow-up studies is proposed at the end.RésuméGuidé par les principes des études de traduction descriptive, l’article est une tentative de « détecter » et de « décrire » les différents types de changements dans le domaine de la répétition lexicale, qui se sont présentées dans une traduction arabe-anglais. L’étude cherche également à « expliquer » les facteurs sous-jacents qui peuvent avoir provoqué les différents processus de prise de décision derrière ces changements de la traduction. On pose comme principe que tout produit d’une traduction représente un intertexte, qui porte les «empreintes digitales » des normes de sa langue-source et de sa culture. De plus, la traduction, en tant que processus de retextualisation, est nécessairement guidé par les normes de la langue-cible et de sa culture. Par conséquent, les deux pôles des normes « de justesse » de la langue-source et des normes «d’admissibilité » de la langue-cible se trouvaient à l’arrière-plan, pendant la description, la taxonomie et l’explication des différents types de changements de la répétition lexicale, détectées dans le corpus de l’étude. On a remarqué que les différents exemples de changements s’inscrivaient dans trois catégories principales : (a) les changements qui évitent ou minimisent la répétition lexicale ; (b) les changements qui annoncent une répétition en la conservant ; et (c) les changements qui soulignent la répétition lexicale en la développant. On a découvert que la plupart des changements appartiennent à la première catégorie. Une longue discussion sur les causes possibles, qui peuvent avoir poussé le traducteur à effectuer ces divers changements, a abouti à la conclusion que les normes textuelles et culturelles de la langue-cible semblent jouer un rôle majeur dans l’opération. Un certain nombre d’études complémentaires sont proposées, afin de vérifier que la conclusion ci-dessus n’est imputable ni à « l’hégémonie » de la langue-cible (anglais), ni au traducteur individuel, ni au type de texte analysé.
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Translation as metaphor in Meridel Le Sueur: Rewriting virgins and pregnant selves
Author(s): Carolina Núnez Puentepp.: 66–74 (9)More LessAbstractThis paper was inspired by a line of Julia Kristeva, revealing the virginity attributed to Mary an effect of translation. According to Kristeva, the scribe chose “the Greek [word] parthenos’’ to translate “the Sernitic word denoting the social-legal status of an unmarried girl” ( 1986, 101). My paper deals with the theory and practical effects of translaltion. Taking translation as a metaphor of ‘rewriting,’ I evaluate the version of the biblical Annunciation by the American writer Meridel Le Sueur. The problems of manipulating texts in (non-metaphorical) translations are examined too. Most importantly, I emphasize the role of connections, such as those between the translated text and its source, the baby and its mother, etc. Hopefully, reflecting on both ‘translation’ and ‘rewriting’ will lead us to a (new) conception of the self-in-relations, with all its ethical consequences.RésuméCet article s’inspire d’une ligne de Julia Kristeva, qui révèle que la virginité attribuée à Marie est un effet de la traduction. D’après Kristeva, l’auteur a choisi le terme grec parthenos pour traduire le terme sémite signifiant le statut socio-légal d’une fille célibataire (1986, 101). Mon article traite de la théorie et des effets pratiques de la traduction. Considérant la traduction comme une métaphore de la ‘réécriture’, j’évalue la version de l’Annonciation biblique par l’écrivain américain Meridel Le Sueur. Les problèmes de manipulation des textes dans les traductions (non-métaphoriques) sont également examinés. Plus important, je souligne le rôle des connections, comme celles entre le texte traduit et sa source, ou le bébé et sa mère. Espérons que réfléchir à la fois à la ‘traduction’ et à la réécriture’ nous conduira à une (nouvelle) conception du « soi-même en relation avec l’autre », avec toutes ses conséquences éthiques.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 70 (2024)
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Volume 69 (2023)
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Volume 68 (2022)
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Volume 67 (2021)
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Volume 66 (2020)
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Volume 65 (2019)
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Volume 64 (2018)
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Volume 63 (2017)
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Volume 62 (2016)
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Volume 61 (2015)
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Volume 60 (2014)
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Volume 58 (2012)
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Volume 57 (2011)
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Volume 55 (2009)
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Volume 53 (2007)
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Volume 52 (2006)
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Volume 51 (2005)
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Volume 50 (2004)
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Volume 49 (2003)
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Volume 48 (2002)
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Volume 47 (2001)
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Volume 46 (2000)
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Volume 45 (1999)
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Volume 43 (1997)
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Volume 42 (1996)
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Volume 41 (1995)
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Volume 40 (1994)
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Volume 38 (1992)
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Volume 37 (1991)
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Volume 35 (1989)
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Volume 30 (1984)
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Volume 28 (1982)
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Volume 1 (1955)
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