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- Volume 17, Issue, 2003
Belgian Journal of Linguistics - Volume 17, Issue 1, 2003
Volume 17, Issue 1, 2003
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Some Notes on Quotation
Author(s): Barbara Abbottpp.: 13–26 (14)More LessThis paper offers support for, and modification of, Recanati’s distinction between open and closed quotation. It also points out two unresolved issues associated with quotation: the problem of reference to meaning, and a new category, tentatively named “noncitational quotation”.
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Who Needs Semantics of Quotation Marks?
Author(s): Yitzhak Benbajipp.: 27–49 (23)More LessThis paper further develops the semantic approach to quotation marks first presented in Benbaji (2004a) and (2004b). The account defended here is a version of the neo-Davidsonian semantic theory of quotation recently revived by Cappelen & Lepore. I begin by providing two further pieces of evidence in support of a semantic account. I argue, contra Recanati, that quotation marks cannot be “pragmatic indicators”, namely “expressions which have certain conditions of use, and whose use indicates that the conditions in question obtain”. Facts about verb phrase anaphora and about the cancelability of conventional implicatures clearly show, I believe, that quotation marks contribute to what is strictly and minimally said by the sentence in which they appear. On the other hand, I argue, contra Cappelen & Lepore, that the semantics of these markers is not “innocent”. Within some contexts, the semantic value of quotation marks is a component of the proposition expressed by the sentence in which they appear, while within others it is part of the mechanism that determines which proposition is expressed by the sentence given a context.
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Varieties of Quotation Revisited
Author(s): Herman Cappelen and Ernie Leporepp.: 51–75 (25)More LessThis paper develops the view presented in our 1997 paper “Varieties of Quotation”. In the first part of the paper we show how phenomena such as scare quotes, echoing and mimicry can be treated as what we call Speech-Act Heuristics. We then defend a semantic account of mixed quotation. Along the way we discuss the role of indexicals in mixed quotation and the non-cancelability of reference to words in mixed quotation. We also respond to some objections raised by Recanati, Saka, Stainton and Reimer.
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Two Accounts of Indexicals in Mixed Quotation
Author(s): Samuel Cummingpp.: 77–88 (12)More LessWhen the indexical ‘I’ appears inside quotation marks, it refers not to the person now speaking but to the person whose speech is being reported. The apparently ‘monstrous’ behaviour of quotation can be dismissed in direct speech, so long as one maintains that the quoted part is mentioned rather than used. The same cannot be maintained, however, in so-called ‘mixed’ quotation, for which a pure-mention analysis is implausible. In this paper I compare two accounts of the semantics of quotation. While the accounts of Maier & Geurts (2004), Geurts & Maier (this volume), and Bittner (to appear) all anticipate the correct behaviour for indexicals inside quotation, the approach developed by Geurts and Maier makes a further, false generalisation, and is therefore empirically inferior.
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Double-Duty Quotation: The Deferred Ostension Account
Author(s): Manuel García-Carpinteropp.: 89–108 (20)More LessThis paper starts by outlining relevant aspects of a view of how indexicals in general and demonstratives in particular work, after which it presents a version of Davidson’s (1979) Demonstrative Theory of quotation that I have argued for in previous work. On this form of the demonstrative view, the quoted material plays a role analogous to the demonstrated item in cases of “deferred ostension” uses of ordinary demonstratives. The paper then examines the phenomenon that Recanati calls open quotation, here called instead double-duty quotation, and argues that the version of the Demonstrative Theory previously sketched is consistent with the existence of doubleduty quotation, and to that extent is confirmed by it even though the theory was elaborated without regard for double-duty quotation.
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Quotation in Context
Author(s): Bart Geurts and Emar Maierpp.: 109–128 (20)More LessIt appears that in mixed quotations like the following, the quoted expression is used and mentioned at the same time:George says Tony is his ‘bestest friend’.Most theories seek to account for this observation by assuming that mixed quotations operate at two levels of content at once. In contradistinction to such two-dimensional theories, we propose that quotation involves just a single level of content. Quotation always produces a change in meaning of the quoted expression, and if the quotation is mixed the shift is, to a first approximation at least, from α to ‘what x calls ‘α’’, where x is a variable whose value is determined by the context. We argue that quotation is generally context dependent in various ways, and that some of these ways are presuppositional in nature; we present a detailed analysis of the presuppositions in question.
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Remarks on Impure Quotation
Author(s): Mario Gómez-Torrentepp.: 129–151 (23)More LessQuotation marks are ambiguous, although the conventional rules that govern their different uses are similar in that they contain quantifications over quotable expressions. Pure uses are governed by a simple rule: by enclosing any expression within quotation marks one gets a singular term, the quotation, that stands for the enclosed expression. Impure uses are far less simple. In a series of uses the quotation marks conventionally indicate that (part of) the enclosed expression is a contextually appropriate version of expressions uttered by some relevant agent. When the quotation marks have this meaning, it is tempting to think of them as contributing that indication to the truth-conditional content of the utterance. I adopt a cautious attitude towards this hypothesis, for the evidence in its favor is inconclusive. In other uses the quotation marks conventionally indicate that the enclosed expression should be used not “plainly” but in some broadly speaking “distanced” way, or that it is being so used by the utterer, and typically context makes clear the exact nature of the “distance” at stake. In these cases the quotation marks do not even appear to contribute that indication to the truth-conditional content of the utterance.
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‘Subliminable’ Messages, Scare Quotes, and the Use Hypothesis
Author(s): Stefano Predellipp.: 153–166 (14)More LessAccording to the Use Hypothesis, examples such as(1) life is ‘the farce which everybody has to perform’convey (among other things) a message to the effect that life is the farce which everybody has to perform, that is, information-content obtained from the customary contributions provided by the expressions within quotes. Apparently problematic from the point of view of the Use Hypothesis are cases such as(2) these are ‘subliminable’ adsbecause ‘subliminable’ seemingly fails to contribute anything to the content in question. My essay defends the Use Hypothesis by suggesting how it can profitably be applied to cases such as (2).
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Too Counter-Intuitive to Believe? Pragmatic Accounts of Mixed Quotation
Author(s): Marga Reimerpp.: 167–186 (20)More LessIntuitively, an utterance of:(1) Alice said that life is “difficult to understand”would not be true unless Alice uttered the very words “difficult to understand.” However, several recent theories of “mixed quotation” contend that the intuition here is a misleading one. According to these theories, the truth conditions of (1) are identical to those of:(2) Alice said that life is difficult to understand.On such accounts, the quotation marks in (1) are of only pragmatic significance. That Alice uttered the quoted words is something the speaker might well convey in uttering (1); it is not something literally expressed by the utterance itself. Whatever its theoretical motivations, these contentions are undeniably counter-intuitive and the pragmaticist owes us an explanation of where they come from. This paper presents and evaluates various strategies that a pragmaticist with respect to mixed quotation might appeal to in an effort to explain the source of the counter-intuitive consequences of his theory.
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Quotational Constructions
Author(s): Paul Sakapp.: 187–212 (26)More LessThe utterance of any expression x ostends or makes manifest the customary referent of x, x itself, and related matter. If x appears in quotation marks then the presumed intention behind the utterance is to pick out something other than the customary referent (either instead of it or in addition to it). The consequences of these ideas, taken from my 1998 work, are here drawn out in application to a variety of quotations: metalinguistic citation, reported speech, scare-quoting, echo-quoting, loan words, and titles.
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Lost Hopes and Mixed Quotes
Author(s): Savas L. Tsohatzidispp.: 213–229 (17)More LessThe analysis of mixed quotation proposed in Cappelen & Lepore (1997a), purportedly as a development of Davidson’s accounts of direct and of indirect quotation, is critically examined. It is argued that the analysis fails to specify either necessary or sufficient conditions on mixed quotation, and that the way it has been defended by its proponents makes its alleged Davidsonian parentage questionable.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 37 (2023)
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Volume 36 (2022)
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Volume 35 (2021)
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Volume 34 (2020)
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Volume 33 (2019)
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Volume 32 (2018)
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Volume 31 (2017)
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Volume 30 (2016)
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Volume 29 (2015)
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Volume 28 (2014)
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Volume 27 (2013)
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Volume 26 (2012)
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Volume 25 (2011)
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Volume 24 (2010)
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Volume 23 (2009)
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Volume 22 (2008)
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Volume 21 (2007)
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Volume 20 (2006)
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Volume 19 (2005)
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Volume 18 (2004)
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Volume 17 (2003)
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Volume 16 (2002)
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Volume 15 (2001)
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Volume 14 (2000)
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Volume 13 (1999)
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Volume 12 (1998)
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Volume 11 (1997)
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Volume 10 (1996)
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Volume 9 (1994)
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Volume 8 (1993)
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Volume 7 (1992)
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Volume 6 (1991)
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Volume 5 (1990)
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Volume 4 (1989)
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Volume 3 (1988)
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Volume 2 (1987)
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Volume 1 (1986)
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A question of commitment
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Quotation in Context
Author(s): Bart Geurts and Emar Maier
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