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- Volume 23, Issue, 2009
Belgian Journal of Linguistics - Volume 23, Issue 1, 2009
Volume 23, Issue 1, 2009
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Passages and Path within the Intertext
Author(s): François Rastierpp.: 7–29 (23)More LessAbstract: In promoting the necessary consolidation of the discipline, text linguistics has supplanted the linguistics of languages, as well as language linguistics. For indeed, text linguistics is the branch which makes it possible to integrate the significant contribution of corpus linguistics. In addition, the text has been acknowledged as the main grounds for articulation bewteen internal descriptions – particularly syntactic descriptions –, and external descriptions – particularly pragmatic descriptions. The conception of the text as elaborated within the framework of interpretive semantics is compatible with textometric models and tools. In particular, the assisted characterization of passages enables one to portray textual activity as transformation chains, also known as metamorphisms, as much within the text as within the intertext gathered by the corpus. In order to characterize such transformations, some examples may be provided, namely passages which have been rewritten in a work’s genetic file; similar passages found within several works by a same author; text commentaries regarded as rewriting acts; to conclude, paths resorting to many works for the interpretation of a passage. All this leads us to re-consider text modelization by taking corpora into consideration. It also creates an urge to redefine textuality according to intertextuality.
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Prototypicity and Textual Analysis
Author(s): Rosalice Pintopp.: 31–44 (14)More LessAbstract: This paper, based on the Socio-Discursive Interactionism theoretical epistemological framework, aims at showing the importance of the notion of prototypicity to analyse texts that circulate in society. Regarding theoretical concepts, we consider, firstly, that texts are global communicative units that always interact with the social practice where they are integrated; consequently their textual linguistic materialisation depends on the language activity in which they are situated. Secondly, texts are obviously linked to a textual genre which has unique and generic aspects constantly interacting with each other. By considering these aspects, we can see how the notion of family resemblance or family airs related to that of prototypicity can give us leads to define a textual analysis methodology that takes into account the complexity of the text as our object of analysis. In order to prove the importance of the prototypicity to analyse texts we have chosen two representative texts of two textual persuasive genres: one editorial and one political poster that were circulated in Portugal in March 2002, at the time of the elections for the Portuguese Prime Minister. Our study provides evidence that a text has singular characteristics, but it also has generic ones related to genre aspects.
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Textual Genetics and Manuscript in Word Processing. A new Definition of the Text?: Essay on the "Avant-texte" of a short story by Pascal Quignard
Author(s): Irène Fenogliopp.: 45–61 (17)More LessAbstract: Very little research has been devoted to the way in which the textual genetics approaches the manuscripts in the text processing. However the future of the genetics depends, partly, on the interest which one can carry to this new materiality of the manuscript. The notion of text, the concept of what text is, have they been changed, or at least modified by the use of text processing? To write a text is to elaborate a discourse in the form of an utterance and to record it. The order of the discourse, in other words, the semiotic (the linguistic recognizable) / semantic (the meaning expressed (uttered) in the discourse) ratio should in no way be modified by the use of text processing. What changes, on the other hand, it is the materialization of the paper support of the text and consequently the status of this materialization.
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The Genesis of Texts: Planning and Interior Language
Author(s): Olga Anokhinapp.: 63–72 (10)More LessAbstract: Based upon the observation of writers’ manuscripts, I set out to define the logic of textualization implemented during the writing process. I address in particular the question of the texts’ planning, as well as that of their progressive transformation within the restrictions of textual coherence which weigh upon the writer from the onset of translating. Moreover, I examine the interest of the notion of interior language for researches in the domains of genetic criticism and textual linguistics. I shall compare three approaches: the genetic approach of writers’ manuscripts, the modeling of written production according to cognitive psychology and the theory of language as explained by the Russian psychologist, Lev Vygotski. Studying the working documents of writers will allow us to understand the logic of textualization as it appears during the transformations of different language forms. We will note in particular that different stages of written production defined by cognitive psychology as conceptual planning, translating (textualization) and reviewing are intertwined and are ruled by a non-linear logic of production. We shall see that if translating occurs very early, even during the stage of planning, conversely the process of conceptualization is constantly present.
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From Contrastive Text Linguistics to Didactic Applications – and back again
Author(s): Lita Lundquistpp.: 73–90 (18)More LessAbstract: Results from contrastive text linguistics are used to show how systematic differences between an L1 and an L2 can be applied to foreign language didactics for teaching textual skills in a methodical and efficient way. The language pair studied consists of Danish and French, which, belonging to two different language families, Germanic and Romance languages respectively, show many systematic differences in their fundamental structure – within lexicalisation, morphology, and syntax – that turn out to have a predictable impact on text structure. Thus, differences are found between Danish and French texts at the levels of referential coherence in different types of anaphoric expressions, of temporal coherence in different means for fore- and back-grounding events, and of structural coherence in different effects of framing via pre-posed adverbials, etc. Two e-learning programs, TeXtRay and NaviLire, are presented, which exploit such systematic differences between given language pairs in offering different types of navigation and visualisation exercises aimed at teaching textual skills needed at higher university education, such as reading and writing complex academic or specialised texts in a foreign language.
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Text Linguistics and Navigation: Questions about Text
Author(s): Javier Couto and Jean-Luc Minelpp.: 91–102 (12)More LessAbstract: In this paper we address the problem of accessing text information by text navigation. We present an approach to text navigation conceived as a cognitive process exploiting linguistic information present in texts. We claim that the navigational knowledge involved in this process can be modeled in a declarative way with the Sextant language. Since this language refers exhaustively to specific linguistic phenomena, we define a customized text representation. These different components have been implemented in the text navigation system NaviTexte. NaviLire, an application of NaviTexte is described.
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Text and Hypertext: Function, Reading, Learning
Author(s): Jean-Marc Defayspp.: 103–114 (12)More LessAbstract: In this article, we begin by specifying a definition of “text” that will fit our present purpose; then, we will attempt to contribute, in the light of the demands involved in its treatment and the difficulties involved in learning it, to an explanation of its complexity, particularly its double construction, which is both linear and reticulated. In order to do that, we will recall the conditions of its progression along the linear axis, where the reader establishes semantic, syntactic, thematic, logical and argumentative connections between words and propositions that follow each other; and the conditions of its organic composition, which allows the reader to incorporate the words, phrases and paragraphs so constituted into a global structure (sequences, parts of the text, its general structure) as a function of textual models he or she may have experienced. But we insist upon the fact that, in order for these two types of organisation – linear sequence and hierarchical inclusion – to constitute a text, it is necessary for them to be inscribed in an enunciative context and a communicative project that give the text its origin, its finality, and its function. In view of the development of the use of New Information and Communication Technologies, we will ask ourselves to what extent these new supports, in terms of their nature as well as their modes of functionality, require or lead toward new linguistic and cognitive strategies for treatment of text, especially in learners, children and/or non-native speakers, and how these learners can perceive and construct the local and global coherence (semantic, logical, argumentative…) of a document presented in a hypertextual form.
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Text Structure and Referential Choice in Narrative: The Anaphoric Use of the Latin Demonstrative ille
Author(s): Caroline Kroonpp.: 115–132 (18)More LessAbstract: This article addresses the issue of referential choice in Latin, more in particular the anaphoric use of the demonstrative pronoun ille (‘that’, ‘that one’). Ille is usually considered as a relatively ‘heavy’ anaphoric device, which is typically used in environments of participant interference and topic discontinuity, i.e. in cases of problematic accessibility. On the basis of a corpus of Classical Latin narrative texts, it will be argued that this is too simplistic a view, and that in order to explain a considerable number of ‘deviant’ instances of ille, it is necessary to take not only the linear structure of the text into account, but also the global, hierarchical discourse structure. In this context the article will focus especially on the type of structure that is imposed on a text by the alternation of so-called discourse modes. More in general, it shows how ille’s specific deictic value of ‘remoteness’ can be traced in all of its anaphoric uses.
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Discourse Modes and Bases: The Use of Tenses in Vergil’s Aeneid and Livy’s Ab Urbe Condita
Author(s): Suzanne Ademapp.: 133–146 (14)More LessAbstract: This paper compares and contrasts the use of tenses in Vergil’s Aeneid and Ab Urbe Condita (AUC), Livy’s history of Rome. The tense usage in these works is analysed by means of two parameters: discourse mode and base. Discourse modes that occur in the Aeneid and AUC are the narrative mode, the reporting mode, the description mode and the registering mode. These modes are, both in the Aeneid and in AUC, used from a base in the time of narration, and from a shifted base, the reference time of the story. All interpretations of Latin (narrative) tenses found in this corpus are arranged according to discourse mode and base, resulting in seven ‘sets’ of interpretations of tenses. These sets each represent a specific way of presentation and are, so to speak, Vergil’s and Livy’s ‘building blocks’. The way in which they use these building blocks, and, thus, the Latin narrative tenses, differs. As such, the analysis of the use of tense by means of discourse modes and bases turns out to be a fruitful tool to describe differences between texts of different genres on a text linguistic level.
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Which Structural Markers to Identify in Texts?: Theoretical and Methodological Aspects. Application to the first Chapter of the European Constitution
Author(s): Gaëll Guibertpp.: 147–160 (14)More LessAbstract: We define a text-object by pinpointing the differences between “a text” and “some text”. Our objective is “to make the text speak by itself”, by the means of a textual analysis able, when the object is “a text”, to highlight “one” meaning. We present the theoretical framework of Applicative (actions and operations) and Cognitive (abstract and conceptual representations) Grammar (GA&C), in which this textual analysis is carried out. “One” meaning can be proposed regarding the text, both locally and at a more global level. Then, to fulfil this objective, we propose a textual analysis method, based on identification of the markers from a “point of view”, or a main language operation. An epistemological control of the results is necessary, added to the method of analysis, to make clearer the main concepts and actions in the text. We focus here both on determining the “point of view” to identify predication with relevant markers, and at a conceptual level, from the identified markers of this “point of view”, with two examples of cartography from the first chapter of the European Constitution.
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Syntactical Motifs and Textual Structures: Considerations based on the Study of a Latin historical Corpus
Author(s): Sylvie Mellet and Dominique Longréepp.: 161–174 (14)More LessAbstract: A method initially developed to carry out automatic comparisons and classifications of Latin historians texts shows that some well-ordered and characteristic structures, – some syntactical motifs in particular –, can perfectly distinguish a text from the others texts making up the corpus. This paper will establish on which factors the relevance of such a reduction method can be grounded in order to give an account of affinities and distances between texts: recurrence of the chosen motifs, exhaustiveness of the counting, respect of the text linearity both on the local level and on the global level. This will lead to a reflection on the notions of texture and textuality, understood through the properties of linearity and reticularity.
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Multidimensional Analysis based on morpho-lexical Features: The Example of a 19th Century regional Press Corpus along with its Columns
Author(s): Virginie Léthierpp.: 175–190 (16)More LessAbstract: This paper, presenting our contribution to the thematic conference 2008 of the CBL/BKL, offers a methodological approach of an endogen characterization of the columns of a 19th century regional newspaper, named Le Petit Comtois (1883-1903). In such a context, we propose to assess the complementarity of the morphosyntactical level and the lexical one. Some 29,676 articles were thus tagged by Cordial as far as the morphosyntactical level is concerned. Methodogically speaking, the task of a multidimensional analysis based on morphosyntactical features requires to select appropriate descriptors and to proceed to a result validation. To that end, this work aims notably at resorting to the pattern (motif), an operant object indebted to Longrée, D., Luong, X., Mellet, S. (2008) as a recurring element of orderly structures in the text.
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Language/Discourse: Textual Analysis, Computer and Statistics
Author(s): Jean-Marie Vipreypp.: 191–206 (16)More LessAbstract: Textual linguistics has been undergoing a continuous redefining of its internal and external boundaries after Halliday & Hasan’s inaugural thesis. It notably concerns the concepts of text and discourse, and has led to the constitution of a new research field: Textual Discourse Analysis (TDA). We will start from two questions which were asked at the origin of this Congress: “What is a text – or the text – in the digital age?” and “Which new methods are available for textual analysis?” We assume that text is neither merely nor principally a linguistic object, but is at the meeting point of various fields and key-concepts: sentence, utterance, document, archive, basis and corpuses, discourse. Answers must be searched in digital philology as well as in the hermeneutic aspects of discourse analysis.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 37 (2023)
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Volume 36 (2022)
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Volume 35 (2021)
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Volume 34 (2020)
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Volume 33 (2019)
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Volume 32 (2018)
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Volume 31 (2017)
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Volume 30 (2016)
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Volume 29 (2015)
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Volume 28 (2014)
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Volume 27 (2013)
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Volume 26 (2012)
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Volume 25 (2011)
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Volume 24 (2010)
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Volume 23 (2009)
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Volume 22 (2008)
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Volume 21 (2007)
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Volume 20 (2006)
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Volume 19 (2005)
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Volume 18 (2004)
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Volume 17 (2003)
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Volume 16 (2002)
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Volume 15 (2001)
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Volume 14 (2000)
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Volume 13 (1999)
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Volume 12 (1998)
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Volume 11 (1997)
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Volume 10 (1996)
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Volume 9 (1994)
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Volume 8 (1993)
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Volume 7 (1992)
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Volume 6 (1991)
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Volume 5 (1990)
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Volume 4 (1989)
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Volume 3 (1988)
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Volume 2 (1987)
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Volume 1 (1986)
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