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- Volume 46, Issue 3, 2019
Historiographia Linguistica - Volume 46, Issue 3, 2019
Volume 46, Issue 3, 2019
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Entre influence et coïncidence: La réminiscence du grec dans l’arabe
Author(s): Manuel Sartoripp.: 1–32 (32)More LessRésuméDeux points de vue s’opposent concernant les débuts de la grammaire arabe: la grammaire arabe serait apparue comme une discipline autonome ou aurait été en partie influencée par des modèles grecs (peut-être par le biais de traductions syriaques). En lien avec ce débat, il semble particulièrement instructif d’étudier la catégorie de ʿaṭf bayān. Selon Rafael Talmon, il s’agit d’une ‘invention’ de Sībawayhi (m.180/796?) basée sur la distinction entre ṣifa (‘adjectif’) et un modificateur qui n’est pas un adjectif mais assure une fonction adjectivale (ʿaṭf bayān). L’article tente de montrer qu’un contraste similaire peut être trouvé dans des sources grecques (et latines) antérieures sous la forme d’une distinction entre epitheton et epexegesis. En prenant en compte la connaissance hellénistique chez les Arabes avant et à l’époque de Sībawayhi, il est alors possible de soutenir que l’auteur du Kitāb, faute de terminologie appropriée, a emprunté, directement ou non, la distinction aux sources grecques. Cependant, s’il ne s’agit évidemment pas d’une pure coïncidence, l’emprunt qui a donné naissance à la catégorie de ʿaṭf al-bayān ne doit pas être interprété comme une simple influence. Il serait peut-être préférable de le concevoir en termes de réminiscence: la mémoire, par voie diffuse, des connaissances grecques dans la nouvelle érudition grammaticale arabe.
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Making a genealogy of “American linguistics” with John Eliot’s Indian Grammar Begun (1666)
Author(s): Mark Amslerpp.: 33–56 (24)More LessSummaryIn the history of linguistics John Pickering (1777–1846) and Stephen Du Ponceau’s (1760–1844) decision to reedit and republish John Eliot’s (ca. 1604–1690) The Indian Grammar Begun is an important but underrecognized event. Eliot’s grammar was first published in 1666, but by the early 1800s had been mostly forgotten. Applying book history and critical discourse approaches, I argue the new 1822 edition assembled by Pickering and Du Ponceau was at the center of a newly emergent knowledge project aimed to establish an ‘American’ mode of comparative linguistics on the world intellectual stage. The grammatical analysis of Native American languages, especially Algonquin, and the critique of current European models and typologies of morphology and syntax, especially von Humboldt’s, were central to Pickering and Du Ponceau’s project. Du Ponceau may be “the father of American philology”, but he was not working alone nor did the concept of ‘Comparative Philology’ derive solely from Du Ponceau. Rather, Du Ponceau was the strategist for a more collaborative, organized approach based on the study of American Indian languages. The new edition of Eliot’s grammar reveals how Du Ponceau and Pickering were establishing an informal research network devoted to North American indigenous languages. The production and arrangement of their book depended on a broad, complex, and ultimately institutionally-supported network of scholars and amateur linguists. Their edition also shows how Du Ponceau and Pickering responded to the underlying ideological debate over “savage” languages with an emergent discourse grounded in Native American languages, ‘facts’, and ‘scientific’ linguistics.
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The first biolinguist?
Author(s): Stephen R. Andersonpp.: 57–72 (16)More LessSummaryIn 1930s Germany, Georg Schwidetzky (1875–1952) produced several works attempting to derive modern human languages by reconstruction from the vocalizations of non-human primates. This work was suppressed by other biologists under the Third Reich, not just because both the biology and the linguistics were ridiculously bad, but because Schwidetzky’s views on the origin of races were in conflict with Nazi ideology. While almost comically wrong-headed, there are nonetheless a few parallels between this project and some modern thought about the evolution of language. On the one hand, Schwidetzky stressed the need to think about the evolution of human language in terms of the biological evolution of our species, a branch of Naturwissenschaft, and not a purely humanistic activity, Geisteswissenschaft, as opinion among German linguists of the time saw it. Indeed, he was probably the first to characterize his agenda as the development of Biolinguistik. On the other hand, his attempt to maintain continuity between human language and the communicative vocalizations of non-humans fails to take into account the unique, species-specific character of human language.
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Martin Joos’s Readings in Linguistics
Author(s): Frederick J. Newmeyerpp.: 73–130 (58)More LessSummaryThe book Readings in Linguistics edited by Martin Joos is one of the best known collections of papers ever published in the field of linguistics. In this article I trace its publication history, from Bernard Bloch’s idea in 1946 for an anthology of important work in descriptive linguists, to the several editions of Joos’s reader between 1957 and 1995, to the present day, where citations to the book are still quite frequent. Making extensive use of unpublished material in various archives in the United States, I outline in detail the exchanges between Joos and other linguists around its publication, as well as the critical reviews that were published of the book. I attempt to explain why a collection of papers, the majority of which were published in the 1940s, is still of great interest. I offer two reasons. The first derives from the material in Joos’s prefaces to the various editions and from Joos’s editorial comments on the included articles. Practitioners of every current approach to linguistics have cited some of this material either as an opening wedge against opposing approaches or to express smug satisfaction that we know more about how science works now than we did more than a half-century ago. The second is that it provides a fascinating historical record of how linguistics used to be done — not so long ago that the approach documented is a mere historiographical curiosity, but also not so recently as to be no more than a quaint version of current theory
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What Graeco-Roman Grammar Was About. By P. H. Matthews
Author(s): Daniel J. Taylorpp.: 148–152 (5)More LessThis article reviews What Graeco-Roman Grammar Was About
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Remarques sur la langue françoise. By Claude Favre de Vaugelas
Author(s): Douglas A. Kibbeepp.: 153–158 (6)More LessThis article reviews Remarques sur la langue françoise
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Deutschlernen in Spanien und Portugal: Eine teilkommentierte Bibliographie von 1502 bis 1975. Hrsg. von Bernd Marizzi, Maria Teresa Cortez und María Teresa Fuentes Morán
Author(s): Rolf Kemmlerpp.: 159–173 (15)More LessThis article reviews Deutschlernen in Spanien und Portugal: Eine teilkommentierte Bibliographie von 1502 bis 1975
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Le Sens en partage. Dictionnaires et théories du sens XIXe–XXe siècles. By Valentina Bisconti
Author(s): Marina De Palopp.: 174–181 (8)More LessThis article reviews Le Sens en partage. Dictionnaires et théories du sens XIXe–XXe siècles
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The Historiography of Generative Linguistics. By András Kertész
Author(s): Frederick J. Newmeyerpp.: 182–191 (10)More LessThis article reviews The Historiography of Generative Linguistics.
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Form and Formalism in Linguistics. Ed. by James McElvenny
Author(s): Christopher Huttonpp.: 192–197 (6)More LessThis article reviews Form and formalism in linguistics.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 50 (2023)
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Volume 49 (2022)
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Volume 48 (2021)
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Volume 47 (2020)
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Volume 46 (2019)
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Volume 45 (2018)
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Volume 44 (2017)
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Volume 43 (2016)
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Volume 42 (2015)
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Volume 41 (2014)
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Volume 40 (2013)
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Volume 39 (2012)
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Volume 38 (2011)
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Volume 37 (2010)
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Volume 36 (2009)
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Volume 35 (2008)
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Volume 34 (2007)
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Volume 33 (2006)
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Volume 32 (2005)
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Volume 31 (2004)
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Volume 30 (2003)
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Volume 29 (2002)
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Volume 28 (2001)
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Volume 27 (2000)
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Volume 26 (1999)
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Volume 25 (1998)
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Volume 24 (1997)
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Volume 23 (1996)
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Volume 22 (1995)
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Volume 21 (1994)
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Volume 20 (1993)
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Volume 19 (1992)
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Volume 18 (1991)
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Volume 17 (1990)
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Volume 16 (1989)
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Volume 15 (1988)
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Volume 14 (1987)
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Volume 13 (1986)
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Volume 12 (1985)
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Volume 11 (1984)
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Volume 10 (1983)
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Volume 9 (1982)
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Volume 8 (1981)
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Volume 7 (1980)
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Volume 6 (1979)
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Volume 5 (1978)
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Volume 4 (1977)
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Volume 3 (1976)
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Volume 2 (1975)
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Volume 1 (1974)
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